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The forest ranger, an expert in forest fire control, talked to
the campers about safety in the woods. – An expert in forest fire
control, the forest ranger talked to the campers about safety in the
woods. (appositive phrase)
Note that the part of the sentence placed first acquires a
special stress. The appositive phrase in this case seems to have
acquired a casual meaning, rather like: Being an expert in forest fire
control, the forest ranger …
3) A subordinate clause. When writing in complex sentences,
variety can be achieved by putting the subordinate clause before the
main clause. One should remember, however, that in this case the
idea expressed by the subordinate clause takes on a greater emphasis,
and one should therefore use this inversion with discrimination:
e.g. The gardener had to plant roses when they ran out of
carnations. - When they ran out of carnations, the gardener had to
plant roses.

Exercise 1. Rewrite the following sentences, beginning them with the part
of the sentence mentioned in parentheses.

1. Mr. Boyd was angry and began to defend his reputation
with strong argument. (single-word modifier) 2. The pioneer was
strong and healthy and lived to be 112 years old. (single-word
modifiers) 3. Many philosophy students read Plato, the author of
Socratic dialogues. (appositive phrase) 4. Shepherds are brilliant
climbers, hard-working and t



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