Unit 1: ALL WORK AND NO PLAY
1 READING
1. relax /rI’lAks/ verb
1. [intransitive] to rest and allow yourself to become calm: thư giản
Just sit down and try to relax for half an hour.
2. [transitive] to make rules, controls, conditions, etc. less strict: giảm nhẹ, buông lỏng
We could relax the procedure slightly in your case.
relaxation /,ri:lAk’seISn/ noun:
1. [count or uncount]: an activity or situation that makes it possible for you to rest and enjoy
yourself: sự nghỉ ngơi, sự giải trí
Fishing is his favorite relaxation.
2. [uncount] the process of making rules, controls, conditions, etc. more relaxed: sự nới lỏng
relaxation of: the relaxation of travel restrictions
relaxed /rI’lAkst/ adjective
a relaxed smile, a relaxed style of teaching
relaxing /rI’lAksIN/ adjective
a long relaxing bath
2. go by phrasal verb[intransitive]
If time goes by, it passes: (thời gian) trôi qua
3. chore /tSc:r/ noun [count]
an ordinary job that must be done regularly: việc vặt thường ngày
household domestic chores
4. unwind /Vn’waInd/ (past tense and past participle unwound /…/) verb
1. [intransitive] INFORMAL to begin to relax after you have been working hard or feeling nervous:
nghỉ ngơi, thư giản
Reading is a good way to unwind.
2. [intransitive or transitive] to become straighter or looser after being wrapped around something
else, or to make something do this: tháo ra, trải ra
She slowly unwound the scarf from around her neck.
5. get together phrasal verb [intransitive]
If people meet together, they meet in order to do something or to spend time together: họp mặt

serious: thứ lỗi cho ai/ việc gì
excuse someone for (doing) something: I hope you’ll excuse us for leaving so early.
excuse me? (Spoken)
1. used for politely getting someone’s attention:
Excuse me, do you know what time it is?
2. used for showing you are sorry for interrupting someone:
Excuse me, but there’s a phone call for you.
3. AMERICAN used for asking someone to repeat something:
“How old are you?” “Excuse me?”
9. socialize /’sCUSClaIz / verb [intransitive]
To spend time with other people socially, for example at a party: hòa mình, hòa nhập, xã hội hóa
He never socializes with people from work.
recent immigrants to the country who are not fully socialized
socialization /,sCUSClaI’zeISn/ noun [uncount]
The process in which people, especially young people, learn to behave in a way that is accepted by
society: sự hộ nhập
social /’sCUSCl/ adjective
relating to society or to people’s lives in generall: liên quan đến xã hội, thuộc về xã hội
social justice/ change/ conditions
society /sC’saICtI / noun [uncount]
people in general living together in organized communities, with laws and traditions controlling the
way they behave toward one another: xã hội
Society has to be prepared to support its elderly people.
10. take it easy
1. INFORMAL to rest and not do things that will make you tired (=relax)
2. SPOKEN used for telling someone to be calm when they are upset or annoyed
3. SPOKEN used for saying goodbye to someone
4 LISTENING
11. present /’prezCnt/ noun
1[count] something that you give to someone, for example to celebrate a special occasion such as

prestigious award.
present something to someone: Finally the Mayor presented the medals to the winners.
2 [transitive] to offer something for people to consider or judge: trình bày
The commission presented its report in October.
present something to someone: Barnes subsequently presented the case to a meeting of the
joint subcommittee.
3 [transitive] to show something such as a passport to someone in an official position so that they
can check it: đưa ra
present something to someone: He presented his passport to the guard for inspection.
4 [transitive] to cause something such as a problem, threat, or opportunity: đặt ra, bộc lộ
It was argued that the group’s activities presented a threat to national security.
present someone with something: Despite its free-market reforms, the country still presents
foreign investors with a challenge.
present a problem/difficulty: The task should present no difficulty for someone with her
experience.
5 [transitive] to introduce someone formally to someone else, especially to an important person:
giới thiệu.
Miss Abbott, may I present the author Anne Rice?
present someone to someone: They hovered around, hoping to be presented to the
celebrities.
presentation /,prIzen’teISn/ noun [count]
1 [count] a formal talk in which you describe or explain something to a group of people: buổi diễn
thuyết, thuyết trình
make/give a presentation (on something): I’m going to ask you each to make a very short
presentation.
2 [count] a performance of a play or other entertainment: buổi biểu diễn.
a two-hour presentation of Charlotte Brontë’s classic tale of love
14. outside /,CUt’saId/ function word
1 [adjective] not inside a building, not within a particular group or organization: bên ngòai.
an outside toilet

Their cat lives mainly outdoors.
— opposite INDOORS
18. sale /seIl/ noun
1 [count or uncount] the process of selling goods or services for money: việc bán hàng
sale of: a prohibition on the sale of arms
make/lose a sale: I’m willing to lower the price in order to make a sale.
2 sales [plural] the total number of things that a company sells within a particular period of time,
or the money it earns by selling things: lượng bán được
We hope to increase sales this year to $50 million.
Sales are up for the month of May.
3 the activity of trying to sell products or services:
I’ve been in car sales for five years now.
for sale: available for people to buy: để bán
That particular item is not for sale.
on sale
1 available for people to buy: có bán
Tickets for the performance are on sale at the box office.
2 AMERICAN available for people to buy at a price that is less than the usual price. British on
offer: bán giảm giá
Bedding usually goes on sale in January.
19. graphic design /’grefIk dI’zaIn/ noun
[uncount] the art of designing pictures and TEXT for magazines, advertisements, etc.: thiết kế
đồ hoạ
graphic designer: noun [count]
7 READING

20. nonstop /,nOn’stOp/ adjective
1 continuing without a pause: liên tục
nonstop entertainment from noon to midnight
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2 [transitive] to accept and obey something such as a rule or an agreement: tuân thủ (qui tắc, luật
lệ,…)
The proper procedures must be strictly observed.
Rebel forces say they will no longer observe the peace agreement.
observer noun [count]
24. report /rI’pc:t / verb
1 [transitive] to produce an official statement or written document about a particular subject,
especially after studying it carefully: báo cáo
The committee will report the results of its investigation tomorrow.
2 [transitive] to tell someone in authority about a crime, something dangerous, etc.: từơng trình
Passers-by reported smoke coming from the abandoned factory.
report something to someone: If you see anything suspicious, you must report it to the
appropriate authorities.
report doing something: Witnesses reported hearing a loud noise before the airplane crashed.
3 [intransitive or transitive] to give information about something in a news article or broadcast:
tường thuật
The story was reported differently on every channel.
report on: Three CNN journalists were sent to report on the conflict.
report that: Our sources have reported that the president had lost control of the country.
report: noun
1 [count] a spoken summary or written document that gives information about a particular
subject, situation, or event: bản báo cáo, bản tường trình
According to the police report, the victim died of a knife wound.
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the company’s annual report
report on: We have to write a short report on the conference.
2 [count] a piece of information about an event, that may or may not be true: bản tin
report of: We’re getting reports of a fresh outbreak of fighting in the region.
report that: The hospital refused to confirm reports that the nurses are considering a strike.
reporter /rI’pc:tCr/ noun

1 to arrive at a place and then leave it:
The woman in the apartment downstairs has people coming and going at all hours.
2 to be present or happen for a limited time and then stop:
The pain in my leg comes and goes.
(Chân tôi bị đau rồi lại khỏi.)
Governments come and go but does anything really change?
(Các chính phủ thành lập rồi lại suy tàn nhưng thật sự có thay đổi gì không?)
27. loft /lOft/ noun
[count] a space under the roof of a building, often used for storing things: gác xếp
28. up /Vp/ B function word
Up can be used in the following ways:
as an adverb:
Their voices could be heard up in our room.
Mary looked up at him.
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I stood up.
as a preposition:
He climbed up the steps.
I set off up the road.
as an adjective:
the up escalator
after the verb “to be”:
He was up early the next morning.
Food prices are up.
I knew something was up.
1 in or toward a higher / upright position
Could you help me carry this old trunk up to the attic?
The dog stopped with its ears up and nose twitching.
2 moving near to someone/something moving near to someone or something and then stopping
One of the salespeople came up and asked if she could help.

voluntarily /’vOlCntrClI / adverb
Did he do it voluntarily, or did you make him?
31. range /reIndZ/ noun
[count] a number of different things that are of the same general type: loại
a wide range of: đủ loại
We stock a wide range of office furniture.
8 IN CONVERSATION
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32. delicious /dI’lISCs/ adjective: with a very pleasant taste or smell: thơm, ngon
This sauce is delicious with fish or vegetables.
The fruit tasted delicious.
absolutely/simply/quite delicious: The cheese is soft and white and absolutely delicious.
deliciously adverb
a deliciously creamy dessert
33. mind /maInd / verb
1 [intransitive or transitive usually in negatives or questions] to feel annoyed, upset, or unhappy
about something: phản đối, cảm thấy phiền lòng
I don’t mind the heat (=the heat is not a problem to me).
not mind somebody doing something: I wouldn’t mind him staying if he helped around the
house.
mind if: Do you mind if we use my car tonight?
not mind doing something: I don’t mind going if no one else wants to.
2 [transitive] AMERICAN to obey someone, especially a parent or teacher: vâng lời
You’d better mind me, or you’re going to your room!
do you mind? or if you don’t mind SPOKEN used for getting someone’s permission to do something
Do you mind?! I was sitting there!
If you don’t mind, I’d rather we wait until tomorrow.
would you mind used for asking politely for something
would you mind doing something: Would you mind closing that window?
would you mind if: Would you mind if I brought a friend to the party?

[intransitive or transitive] to clean a floor, the ground, or another surface using a BROOM
(=brush with a long handle): quét
After you’ve swept, you can wash the dishes.
Her work consisted mainly of making coffee and sweeping the floor.
I want you to sweep up the garage.
sweep / swi:p/ noun [singular] an act of sweeping something: sự quét dọn
sweeper / swi:pCr / noun [count] a person or machine that sweeps a place clean, especially a
street.
I eventually got a job as a road sweeper.
39. vacuum /’vAkju:m/ verb
[intransitive or transitive] to clean a room using a vacuum cleaner: hút bụi
vacuum cleaner noun
[count] a piece of electrical equipment that cleans floors by sucking up dirt: máy hút bụi
11 LISTENING
40. throw /TrCU/ (past tense threw /Tru:/; past participle thrown /TrCUn /) verb
[intransitive or transitive] to use your hand to send an object through the air: ném, vứt, quăng,
liệng
I’ll throw the ball and you try to catch it.
throw something at someone/something: Some kids were throwing stones at the windows.
throw something to someone: Each child throws a ball to their partner.
throw someone something: Can you throw me that rope?
throw up phrasal verb
[intransitive or transitive] INFORMAL if you throw up or throw something up, food and drink
comes back up from your stomach and out of your mouth: VOMIT: nôn, mửa
I feel terrible, I’ve been throwing up all night!
She ate a good breakfast then threw it all back up
41. mix up phrasal verb
1 [transitive] to think that one person or thing is another person or thing: MISTAKE FOR: nhầm lẫn
mix up with: I think I’m mixing him up with someone else.
They look so alike that it’s easy to mix them up.

Shaking his head in annoyance, Patrick left the room.
to someone’s annoyance: To her surprise and annoyance, Lisa found that the others had
gone without her.
2 [count] something that makes you feel slightly angry: điều phiền muộn
annoyed /C’ncId / [adjective] feeling slightly angry or impatient: bực mình
I couldn’t see her face, but she sounded pretty annoyed.
get annoyed (with someone): The kids wouldn’t stop talking, and I was beginning to get
annoyed with them.
annoyed at/about/with: We were all annoyed with him for forgetting.
annoyed (that): I was really annoyed that I hadn’t been invited.
annoying /C’ncIIN/[adjective] making you feel slightly angry or impatient: phiền toái
an annoying habit/problem
What’s really annoying is that we made the same mistake last time.
annoyingly adverb
47. yuck /jVk/ interjection
used for saying that you think someone or something is dirty, ugly, or unpleasant: kinh quá,
khiếp quá
Oh, yuck! It’s slimy!
48. allowance /C’lCUents/ noun
[count] an amount of money that someone receives regularly, in order to pay for the things they
need: tiền trợ cấp
She receives a monthly allowance of $500.
a housing/clothing allowance (=money given to help people with their rent, clothes, or
heating): The overseas placement includes a housing allowance.
49. recess /rI’ses/ noun
[count] AMERICAN a period between school classes when students can eat, rest, or play. British
break: giờ giải lao
recess: verb [intransitive] to have a recess between periods of work: giải lao
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