class="bi x0 y0 w0 h1"
56
G!Ao
Due
v A
BAa
TAO
HA NO!
. . .
KS.
NGUytN
V
AN
IlI~M
" ,
GIAOTRINH
-?
?
OlEN
Tlf
CO
BAN
•
(Dung trong cae truimg THeN)
NHA
XUAT BAN
HA
N61
-2005
.
Loi

dao
[{to
nhan
,~(C
Juan
giif
vai
tre)
quan tr9ng.
Bao
eao
Chinh
1rj
nIa
Ban
Chap
himh
Trun/? liang
Dang
Ci)ng sail
Vi~t
Nam
tqi
Dfl-i
h¢i
Dang
loan qu6'c Ian
(hk
IX
dii

t6
co ban de
phit
tri~n
xa h¢i, tang
twang
kinh
te
nhanh va ben viing".
QtuJn
[rift
chu trllang, Nghi
quyit
cua
Ddng
va
Nhd
flUor
va
nh¢n
thtrc
dllng ddn vi'ta'm (juan tr9ng
eua
Cht/Gllg
trinh,
giao trinh
dOl
vbi vi¢c nang
cao
chdt

d«c wi
Dao
tq.o
thlfc hii(tl
de'
an
bien
so~n
chuang
trinh, giao trinh trong
cac
fruirng Trung
IIrc
chuyen
nghii(p
(THCN)
Ha N¢i.
Quyet
dinh
nay
the'
hi411
s1f
quan
tam
sau
sac
cua
Thimh
uy,

hanh
va nllti:ng kinh nghi¢m
nit
ra
tif
thlfc
tit
diw
tgo,
S6 Giao d«c wi
Dao
tgo dii
chi
dqo
cac
truong
THC
N
{()'
clnrc
hien
SOfjfl
chuang trlnh, giao trlnh
m¢t
each
khoa
hrc,
hi(
3
4

hfiu ich cho cae
truiJng
co dao
t(}O
cac nganh
kj
thu~t
- nghi¢p
Vf!.
va
dong ddo
b(}n
dflC
quan tam den
van
de'
huang nghi¢p,
dqy
nghe'.
Vi¢c
to'
chuc bien sogn
bQ
chuang trinh, giao trinh nay
/a
m(Jt
(rang nhie'u hogt
dQng
thiet thl/c cua ngiinh giao dljc
va

Iy,
cae
nhiI
doanh nghi¢p dil
t(}O
die'u
ki¢n giup dil, dong gop y
kien,
tham
gia
H¢i dong phdn bi¢n,
H(Ji
d6ng thdm dinh
va
H¢!
d6ng nghi¢m thu cac chuang trinh, giao trinh.
Doy
/a
Ian
ddu tien
sa
Giao dljc va Dao tgo Ha
NQi
to'
chuc bien SO(}11 chuang tn'nh, giao trlnh.
Dii.
dil het sue
co'
gdng nhung ehac ehdn khong trcmh khai thie'u sot, bo't c¢p.
Chung toi

giao Irinll duqc bien
sogn
thea
de'
cuong
do
Sd
Gido
d~JC
va
Dao
tQo
tlu'1nh
phlI
Hd
N¢i xdy
d~(IJg
va
thong qua. Day
IG
gitio trinh danh
cho chuyen nganh
dao
,«()
II¢
kj
thuq.t vien [rung cdp fig/mil
ky
thug! vien th6ng.
N(Ji.dung bien soqll

thoi cling
dWIC
51!
giup
dr! IIl1i(;(
tlllll
Clla
('(Ie
dSllg nghifp.
Gido fn'nh
g6m 5 chuang:
Chuang J: Nlurllg kiln thlle chung.
CIllt(h/g 2:
Mgch
khuich
dgi
eel
ban.
ChUmlg
3: Mgch klluteh dgi
chuyen
dlfng.
Chu(fng 4: M(lch
'170
dao
d('mg.
Chuang 5: Die'li
('htva
gidi die'li
che:

vi¢n
Ky
thu~t
quan
st!.
Tac gid xin chan thanh cdm
(/fz
ve"
sl/ giup
de]
quy bau do.
M{ic
du
tac gid
da
ra'!
co' gdng nlnmg giao trinh
cJuic
chdn kh6ng tranh
kluJi
khie'm
khuyet. Chung
16i
rat mong
nhcJn
dU<jc
nhi1ng
y kien d6ng gop cua
nguCli
sit

bi~u
hi¢n d'.lng
v~U
ly
cua
tin tue, no
mang
tin tue.
Con
tin
lue
la
thong
baa
ve tr",ng
thai,
ve Sl! ki¢n
eua
ffiql
ht;
V(lt
chat
nflO
d6
duqc
sap
xep thea
ffi¢t
guy
lu~t

tin hi¢u
wong
tlf,
18.
cae
ham
lien
tI,Ic
theo
thai
gian.
Tin
hi¢u
wong
H!
co
cae
d'.lng sau:
1.1.
Tin
hi¢u dieu
hoa
TIn hi¢u
dieu
hoa
Iii
d<;ing
dien
hlnh
eua

ham
so
co
the
d'.lt
dugc.
-
Tan
so
goc
m (rad/s), v6i
ill
=
21t
f.
Trong
do
f
Iii
tan
56,
la
56
dao
dqng
to?m
phan
trong
trong thai
gian

Ii
mqt
ham
so
duqc
bi~u
dien
thea
thai gian thi
dugc
gQi
18.
d'.lng
tin
hi~u
hay
d~ng
song
tin
hi~u.
Neu
bi~u
dien tin hi¢u
do
duai
d~ng
mQt
ham
so
thea

Smsincolt
chi co m¢t tan s6
COl
(rng vai chu ky TI
ncn ham ph6 cua n6 chi c6 m¢t
gii
tr!
t~i
COl'
do
tht ph6 cua tin
hi~u
sin chi co
m¢t v1ch
nhu a hlnh
ve
sau:
SCt)
SCw
)
o
t o
wt
D()
thi thoi gian
06
tht
phd
Hlllh 1.1.
DrJ

trung
MQt
tin hi¢u
Set)
thoa mun dieu ki¢n:
S(I) = S
(I
+
T)
6
mQi
thai
di~m
t, vai T
1a
mQt
hang so, thl ta
co
set) la m¢t ham tuan
hoan. Gia
tr!
nhc
nhat
cUa
T g9i la chu
ky
cua tin hi¢u.
D1ng
tin hi¢u tuan haan thuang
g~p

t;:ti
cua tin hi¢u xung.
- Chu ky T
13
thai gian nha
nha't
l~p
l;:ti
cua tin
hi~u
xung.
- D¢ f0ng cua xung Q, duqc tinh thee cong
thUe:
T
Q
=-
t,
Hay
h¢
so lap day (di€n day) duqc tinh thea vr.
Ngoai fa. con co cac
kh<ii
ni¢m
ve
d¢ r¢ng suan
tfUOC.
d¢ r0ng suan sau,
thai gian quet
thu~n,
thai gian guet nguqc, dq

Iy
Iffy
mau.
- Luqng
tt!
hoa.
- Mrthoa.
V(lY
tin hi¢u
s6
Iii.
tin hi¢u
n'ri
r~e
theo thai gian va thee
ca
bien
dC).
Tin
hi¢u
s6
chi gom hai mue gia tri duqc g9i la muc hay gia tri logic: Mue
(gi<i
trD
logic I
va
mue (gia
trD
logic
O.

dinh
boi m¢t mue
di~n
ap
e6
dinh
la +
5V
wang
ung
vOl
bit I. con muc di¢n ap
lit
OV
wang
Ung
voi
bit 0 (co the guy dinh
nguqe
l;:ti).
-
DC)
r¢ng clla bit
so
la khoang thai gian ton
t<;ti
eua bit
so
do. D0 r¢rig cua
bit I luon bang dq rqng ella bit

s6
chi
cO
)lS,
con trong
cae
h¢
th6ng
xii
Iy
s6
khac thi d¢
rQng
bit
s6
co the
16n
han.
3.
Nhieu va Sl! anh hUdng
eua
nhieu den
tin
hi~u
Nhieu la
lo,~i
ttn hi¢u khong
mong
muon,
VI

thuang
g~p
trong cae linh
ki¢n di¢n tir nhu:
den
di¢n
tU,
Transistor, diot Xuat
xu
eua
t~lP
am nhi¢t
lit
nhCing
dao d(mg
dLIqC
hinh thanh do
cae
phan til mang di¢n chuyen dQng thea
nhi¢t
d(1.
Nhicu nhi¢t ia m¢t qua trinh
ngiu
nhien, bien thien
thea
thai gian va
vi¢e nghicn cuu,
khi.lO
sat nhieu nhi¢t thuang
ducyc

- Nh!cu nhan la
IO<;li
nhieu nhan voi tin
hi~u
(can truyen). Nhieu nhan
thu·tmg gay
fa
dicu ehe'
phl,l
trang dicu
ehe
thong tin.
Khi co
nhi~u
nhan, tin
hi~u
thu duoc: X(t) = S(t). N(t).
3.3. Nhieu
tnlng
Cac
hi~n
tuqng xao dQng
nhi~t
trang
cac
phan ttr
cua
m<;l.ch
di¢n, day dan
ho.:,lc

so'
tin hi¢u lrcn nhieu
ho~e
dung
phlHmg thuc dieu
che
thich
hQ'p,
ho~c
dung phuong thue thong tin so.
n.
KHAI
QUAT
CHUNG
VE
MACH DIj);N
TV
1.
Khai
quat
chung
ve
m~ch
di~n
tit
Cae
m<;tch
di~n
tu-
c6 nhi¢m

quan
di~m
ky
thuij.t,
ngum ta phan
bi~t
hai
10,!-i
tin
hi~u:
Tin
hi~u
lUcmg
tl.!
va tin hi¢u so. Tin hi¢u
tucmg
tl.!
la
tin
hi¢u
bien thien lien
tl;lc
theo thai gian
va
co the
nh~n
mQi
gia
tf!
trong khoang bien thien cua no. Nguqc

the
dW1C
khuech
d<;ii,
dieu che, tach song, chinh hru, nha, do,
truyen
d~t,
dieu
khi~n.
bien
d~ng,
tinh toan (cQng, trir, nha.n, chia

).
OlC
m<;lch
di¢n
tu
c6 nhi¢m
VI,I
thl.!e
hi¢n cae thu(lt toan nay.
De
gia eong hai
lOi.~i
tin
hi~u
lUcmg
ttl va tin hi¢u
so',

tl.!.
nWc
te
c6 nhicu
thu~t
to<in
kh6ng
th~
thl.!c
hi9n duqc bang cae m'Jch s6
ho~e
neu
thy'C
hi¢n bang
m~ch
lUang
tl.!
thi
kinh
te
han, vi
dl,I:
khuech
d:;ti
trn
hi¢u nh6, d6i tan, chuyen d6i
lUcmg
tl.!/s6.
Ngtly
cU

ke
cac
h~
thong
di9n tiI
d.n
lUll.
y nang cao bien d¢ tin hi¢u ngay a
t~ng
dau
cua
h¢
thong.
Khuech
d:;ti
tin hi¢u
Ja
chuc nang quan trQng nhat clla
m:~ch
lUang
ur
Thong
thuang
trang m¢t
h~
thong wang
tl.!,
nguai ta phan
ra
thanh cae tang gia

vai
lra
quan lrQng trang
ky
thu~t
m:;teh
di¢n ttl.
M~ch
t6 hqp luang
tl.!
khong nhGng
d~\m
bao thou man cae
chi lieu ky
thu~t
rna con co d¢ tin
c~y
cao va gia thanh
h:;t,
tuy nhien chung
thuung duqc dung
trang
ph~lm
vi
tan so thap.
SI.!
ra dai eua
m<:tch
khuech
d<~i

11
d'!-i
thu4t toan
n~n
s6
luqng cac
m,!-ch
d6
d1l
giam xu6ng m¢t cach dang
k~,
VI
co
th~
dung b¢ khuech
d~i
thu4t toan
d~
thifc hi¢n nhieu chuc nang khae nhau
nha mac
m,!-ch
hoi tiep ngoai thich hqp. Trang nhieu
truang
hqp, dung b¢
khuech
d<;li
thu~t
toan c6
th~
t'!-o

th6
che
t<;lo
cac
h~
th6ng c6 chuc nang ngay cang hoan
hIm
trcn m¢t chi p
(IC).
D6i
vai
dc
m,!-ch
t6
hqp wong tlf thi nha thiet
ke
thuang
co xu
huang
giam
s6
chung
10<;li
m~ch,
nhung
l<;li
tang khii nang
Slr
dl,lng
cila t(mg chung

m~eh
di~n
Itt
M<,lch
di9n
IU
dLIqC
(rng
dl:'ng
ra't
r¢ng rai va da
d<;lng,
sau day ta sc
kc;~
ten
mOt
s6
([ng
dl,lng
thuang
g~p:
2.1.
Khuech
d<Ji
tin hi¢u
Khuech
d'!-i
tin hi¢u la m¢t ung
dl,lng
ph6 bien nhat va nhieu nhat cila

tung
101;ti
tin hi¢u va tung
ml,lc
dich khu€ch
d<,li
tin
hi~u
rna ta co cae
m<;l.ch
khuech
d~i
nhu:
M<,lch
khuech
d<;li
tin hi¢u nho, khuech
d<,li
cong
suA't
lin hi¢u (bien
dO
Ian),
m<,lch
khucch
d'!-i
m(H
chieu, khuech
d<;li
xoay chieu

m?ch
di~n
tiI
g9i
18
m?ch dieu che, vi
dl:'
nhu
co
d.c
m<;lch
dieu
che
bien dq,
m?ch
dieu
che
tan s6, m?ch dieu
che
pha , cac
m~ch
di~n
nay duqc sir dl:'ng
t<.ti
ben phar tin
hi~u.
Nguqc
I<;li,
ben thu tin
hi~u

dl,l
nhLI
t'!-o
ra
lin hi¢u hlnh sin, tin
hi~u
xung
vu6ng, tin hi¢u xung rang
cua

M?ch di¢n
tu
Io<.ti
nay
duqc
g9i
la
m<.tch
t<,lO
dao d¢ng.
Cic
m~ch
t~o
dao
12
dong thucrng g?P
13.:
M;;teh
t;;tO
dao d¢ng hlnh sin,

d~
xu
Iy
va
ehuy~n
d6i tfn
hi~u

III. MACH
MAc
TRANSISTOR
Uf6NG
CvC
co
nAN
1.
M~ch
m~c
Emiter
chung
(Ee)
1.t.
Nh:)n biet cach
mac
M1ch khuech
d<,li
duqc mac Emitof chung
Itt
m;;tch
khucch

1.2. Mach khuech dai
Emitor
Sau day
Ia
mot vi
dlJ
ve
m'.lch
khuech
d~i
mac Emitor chung:
-
Sa
do
m~ch:
Hinh
13.
MtJch khuech
deJi
mac
Emifor
chung
J3
- Tac
dl}.ng
linh
ki~n:
+ R I va
R2
la hai

khuech
d~i.
+
R4
la di¢n
tra
dan di¢n m¢t chieu cap
cho
qrc
Emitor
(E)
cua
Transistor
QI
theo
phuang
phap h6i tiep.
+ C
1
,
C
2
Ii
d.c
II! ghep tang khuech
d~i.
dung
de ghcp giUa U, va U, vai
m<.tch
khuech

di¢n
ap (dong di¢n)
tin hi¢u U
r
duqc lay ra trcn
clJc
C thong
qua
tl!
C
2
,
va
qrc
E la
Cl!C
chung gifra U
v
va
U,
nen
mi lch
1ft
m;wh khuech
d~i
mac
Emitor
chung.
1.3.
D<)c

di¢n ap:
Lan
co
hang tram Ian.
Di¢n ap
tin
hi~u
ra co dao pha so
vOi
di~n
ap tin
hi~u
vao (nguqc pha nhau).
-
Dai thong
cua
m~ch
h~p.
2.
M~ch
m~c
Coleclor
chung
(CC)
2.1.
Nh~n
biet
cach
mac
M~ch

fa
tren
clJc
Emitor.
14
2.2.
M<;lch
khuech
d~i
Colcctor
-
S(1
do
m<;tch:
R,
C,
1
j
VV
I'
L
-=-V
I
~
,-
1
VI{
Hinh
J.4.
Mgch

di¢n tn1
tiii
ella
m~eh.
+ Cap di¢n m¢t chieu cho
qre
C ella Transistor
QI'
duge
cap
di¢n tfl!e tiep
til nguon di¢n.
+ C
I
va C
2
la
hai
tl;l
ghep tiing khuech
d~i.
+ Di¢n ap tin hi¢u vao
dugc
dua
VaG
Clfc
B thong
qua
C
II

Kn.
- TOng
tro
dau ra (ng6 raj
nhc,
khoang
viti
chy.c Kn.
-
H¢
so
khuech
d~i
dong di¢n:
100
tir vai
chl;lC
den
hang tram
Hin.
1
I,
K,
=-'
=_.
=fJ+l
Iv 1 H
15
-
H¢

biet
each mac
M':Ich
khucch
d;:ti
mac
Baza
chung
duqc
nh~n
biet
nhu
sau:
-
Ci,rc
Baza
(B)
la
clfc chung giua di¢n
ap
(dong di¢n) tin hi¢u van
vai
di¢n
ap
(dong di¢n) tin
hi~u
ra.
- Di¢n ap
(dong
di¢n) tin hi¢u vao

dl,lng linh ki¢n:
+ R, va
R2
ii
hai di¢n
tra
dan
di¢n m¢t chieu
cap
cho
qrc
B ella Transistor
Q,
thea phuong phap ph&n
ap.
+
R}
Ia
di¢n
tra
dan
di¢n m¢t chieu cap eho cl!c C ella Transistor
QI>
13
di¢n
tra
lUi
cua
m~ch.
16

d~
t,~o
clfe 8 n6i mal.
+ Dit;n ap tin hi¢u vao duqc dua vao
clfc>E
thong qua C
I
;
di~n
ap
tin hi¢u ra
duqc
!try
ra tren
clfC
C thong qua
C2>
va
v~
thanh phan tin
hi~u
xoay ehieu thi
elfc
B duqe noi mat ncn
t<;to
thanh
m<;lch
khuech
d<;li
mac

di¢n ap:
Lan
co
hang tram Ian.
U U
K =-1"
=~
U U U
V
Ii
- Di¢n ap tin hi¢u ra kh6ng co dao pha so vai
di~n
ap tin hi¢u vao (dong pha).
- Diii thong
cua
m<;lch
[(,ng.
IV.
MACH
MAC
TRANSISTOR TRUONG
CO
BAN
1.
D~c
di~m
cua Transistor trllang
Transistor
truang
la linh ki¢n ban dan. Tuy nhien, khac vai Transistor

Cl!e
Catot
CllU
den
di¢n tiI
hay
qre
Emitor cua Transistor
luang
cl!c;
Cl!e
mang
wang
duong
vai el!e
Anot
eua den di¢n tiI hay cl!c Coleetor
cua
Transistor
luang
clfc;
con clfe
G lUang
duong
vai
Cl!e
lu6i clla den di¢n
tii'
hay elfc Bazo ella
Transistor

•
I
Transistor
tnrO'ng
I
i.
i.
Transistor
trLTOng
DK Transistor tHrOng
co
qtC
Bang tiep giap JFET
cita
each
Jy
MOSFET
~ ~
,
Kenh N
Kenh P
Lo~i
kcnh
Lm.li
kenh
-I:
!
~
d~t
san

d¢
Uing
thi
cf¢
d.1n
di~n
giam.
Transistor tnIong
dung
de'
khuech
d':li,
t?O
dao d¢ng, phei
hqp
(fO
khling,
flan
cfi~n
co
dicu
khi~n

Co hai
JO<;li
Tmnsistor
trl,Tang
chfnh
d6
13

ban
db
la each mile
clJ'c
nguon
chung
(SC)
va
each mac
qrc
mang
chung
(DC) va
ft
khi
co
cach
mac
clfc
ci'ra
chung.
Sau day ta.se
khao
sat
hai
each
mac
nay.
2.1. Mac cue ngu6n chung (SC)
Cach

CL!c
S
Ja
clfc
chung
gifra
di~n
ap
tin hi¢u vao
va
di~n
ap
tin
hi~u
ra.
- Di¢n
lip
tin
hi~u
vilo
dlIqc dlIa
vuo
qrc
G.
di¢n ap tin hi¢u
fa
dLIQ'C
lay
fa
tren

kenh P thl tri
s6
nay xap
xi
bang m¢t mIa. NhlI
v~y,
h¢
s6 khuech
d~i
di¢n ap cua Transistor trlIang chi
bang
mQl
phan mlIai
h¢
so khuech
d<;li
cua Transistor IlIang
qrc.
Ve
m~t
t~p
am, ta thay rang dong
di~n
t<;lP
am clla Transistor trlIang nha
hem
so vai dong di¢n
t~p
am cua Transistor llIang cl!c trong khi
di~n

mac
c\I'c
mang
chung (DC)
2.2.1. NhtJn
biit
cach
mac
Cach mac Transistor trlIang cl!c mang chung
dlIQ'C
nh~n
biet th6ng qua hai
yeu to sau:
- Cl!c mang (D) la cl!c chung
giG'a
di9n ap tin
hi9U
vao
va
di9n ap tin hi¢u ra.
-
Di¢n ap tin hi¢u vao
dLIQ'C
dlIa
vuo
qtc
G.
di¢n
up
tin hi¢u ra

nho.
-
H¢
s6 khuech d?i di¢n ap
Ku
<
1;
tra khang
vaG
Rv::::<
00;
tra khang ra
RR
<>;::;
100
- 300Q.
Tra
kha.ng
ra cua
sa
do
cI!c
mang chung kh6ng nha nhu trang
sa
do
cI!c
gop chung cua Transistor luang
cI!c.
20
,,.('

B
I.
e~e
Bazo (cue g6e).
G9i
di~n
tip
tren
qrc
ColectOf Ia U
c
;
di~n
ap tren cl!c
Baza
Ia
U
B
va
di¢n
ap
tren egc
Emitor
Ht
UE'
Til
d6
nguyen lac cap nguon
eho
Transistor luang

> 0
va
Usc <
0,
lUang
dUC1ng
vm
U
E
<
Vr;
< U
c
Cl,I
the
nhu
sau:
- Neu dung nguon
di~n
duang:
+E6
-Ec tuang duang
OV
th):
+
Di~n
ap
+Ec
duqc noi
v~

eho
Transistor
nguQ'c.
- Neu dung nguon
di~n
am: +Ec
wang
duang
vai
di~n
ap
OV;
- Ec thl:
+ Dit;n tip
OV
duqc
noi
ve
phia
cl{c
E;
di¢n ap -Ec
duqe
n6i
ve
phfa elfe C
khi
cap
di~n
eho

Transistor:
Dung cae
di~n
tra
R,
eUQn
day
L
va
day dan
(nei trve tiep)
d~
dan
di~n
m¢t
ehieu
dip
eho
qre
C ella Transistor.
+
Vi
d\1:
cap di¢n dung di¢n
tra
R
va
dung
eUQn
da.y L:

C.
dip
di¢n cho cge E eua
Transistor luang cge cung co the dung di¢n
tra
R, cu¢n day L va day dan (n6i
trge ticp).
+ Vi
dl,l:
cap
di~n
dung
di~n
tro
R:
Q
R
Ht'nh
f.f
I.
Cach
clip
di{~!1
clIO
qfC
Emi/or
dllllg
R
22
+ Vi

R,
1
Hill" 1.13. Caeh
dip
difl/
tho
qrc
Baza
then kie'll phdn
lip
citing
R
+ Vi
dl,l:
cap di¢n theo phuang phap phan dong dung di¢n tro:
Hlnh 1.14. Caeh
cap
di~f1
clIO
Cl.(C B(/zo theo
kie'u
pluin dong
dtlll?,
R
23
+ Vi
d~:
dung R ket hgp L cap di¢n theo ki6u phan ap:
+Ec
Hlnh J .15. each

-
Sa
d6
m~ch:
R,
R,
+
r'Q,
==-
IE'
R,
1
-
'-
-
-
-
Hinh 1.16. Cdp di¢n cho Transistor thlUjn dung
nguon
dU(1ug
- Phan rich each cap
di~n:
+ De cho
di~n
ap
DE
100
han
Us nen
fa

DE> U
B
>
Dc
duqc thoa man.
3.2. Sir dl,lng
nguon
+Ec va
OV
cap
di¢n
cho
Transistor
nguqc
- Sad6
m,!-ch:
c,
U
v
11
::
0-
R,
'"
Q,
fllnh 1.17.
Cap
diftl
clIO
Transistor ngaqe dimg ngulm

Ncn
m~ch
thml
man
di~u
ki9n U
E
< U
B
< U
c
3.3. Sir dl.mg
nguon
di¢n -
Ec
va
OV
cap
di~n
cho
Transistor
thm)n
- Sada
m<;lch:
T,
R,
Et
Uv~
Q,
R,

ki~n
U
E
> U
R
> U
c
3.4. Sir dl,mg "guon di¢n - Ec
va
OV
dip
di¢n
cho
Transistor
nguqc
-
Sa
d6 mach:
~R,
' R,
R,
Hinh J .19. Cal)
ngllljn
clIO Transislor ngu(fc dung ngu6n am
- Phan tich each cap
di~n:
+ Vi R, thuang nho han R
j
ve
tr!

Nen dicu ki¢n cap
di~n
U
c
> U
B
> U
E
van duqc thoa man.
4.
Nguyen
~c
chung
vii
phlf<!ng philp cap
nguon
cho
Transistor
trutlng
D~
cap
di~n
m¢t chieu cho Transistor truong, chung ta cap
di~n
thea
nguyen
ule sau:
26
- Cap di9n cho Transistor JFET - kenh
N: