TÀI LIỆU ÔN TẬP HỌC KÌ II
MÔN TIẾNG ANH 11 (năm học 2010-2011)

A/ Accent mark: Dấu nhấn/ Trọng âm
1. Đối với những từ gồm có 2 hoặc 3 vần, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần đầu.(nêu là danh từ hay tính
từ) nều là động từ thì nhấ vào vần thứ 2
Ex: péasant, spécial, média, phótograph, (v) present, enjóy, represént
2. Đối với những từ gồm có 4 vần (hoặc nhiều hơn), trọng âm thường rơi vào vần thứ 3 kể từ cuối.
Ex: géography, univérsity, commúnicate, technólogy,
3. Đối với những từ tận cùng có các vần như: -ion, -ic, -ian, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần phía trước.
Ex: proféssion, demonstrátion, scientífic, photográphic, musícian, electrícian,
4. Đối với những từ tận cùng có các vần như: -oo, -oon, -ee, -een, -eer, -ese, -ette, trọng âm thường
rơi vào ngay các vần này.
Ex: bambóo, shampóo, cartóon, afternóon, referée, employée, cantéen, thirtéen, enginéer,
Vietnamése, Chinése, cigarétte,
5. Đối với những từ có các tiền tố (tiếp đầu ngữ) như: in-, im-, ir-, re-, pre-, dis-, de-, be-, ex-, en-,
trọng âm thường rơi vào vần phía sau.
Ex: insíde, impóssible, irrégular, repéat, prevíew, discúss, deféat, begín, excíted, enjóy, represént, …
B/ Sound: Phát âm
1. Chú ý các phụ âm từ Unit 9- 16.
2. Động từ tận cùng bằng -ED có 3 cách phát âm là: /id/, /t/, /d/.
a. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là: -t, -d, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /id/.
Ex: wanted, collected, decided, needed,
b. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là: -c, -f, -k, -p, -s, -x, -sh, -ch, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /t/.
Ex: practiced, stuffed, looked, stopped, missed, fixed, washed, watched,
c. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là các phụ âm còn lại hoặc nguyên âm, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm
là /d/.
Ex: enjoyed, stayed, managed, cleaned, arrived, called,

/s/: p, k, f, t, ex: cats

Lưu ý: - That thường được dùng sau danh từ có tính từ so sánh bậc nhất (the best, the
most…; everybody, anybody, nobody, somebody, everything, something…)
VD: He’s the best teacher that I have ever know.
- That được dùng khi danh từ trước nó chỉ cả người, vật.
VD: I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park.
- That không bao giờ được dùng trong mệnh đề không hạn định, và không đứng sau
giới từ, that dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ nhằm xác định nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước và không tách
rời mệnh đề chính bằng các 2 dấu phẩy. Nếu Who, Whom, Which, That làm tân ngữ thì ta có thể bỏ
đi.
VD: She’s the person who(m) I met at the party.
She ’s the person I met at the party.
Have you ever seen the dress that I’ve just bought?
Have you ever seen the dress I’ve just bought?

* Whose: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ người và thay cho tính từ sở hữu trước danh từ.
Khi dùng cho vật thì = of which.
VD: I’ve got a friend whose brother is an actor.
John found a cat whose leg was broken.

* When: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ thời gian dùng để thay thế cho (at/on/in) which, then.
VD: I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I met her.
That was the time when (at which) he managed the company.

* Where: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ nơi chốn dùng để thay cho at/on/in) which, there.
VD: I went to the office where (in which) my father works.
Dalat is the place where (to which) I like to come.
* Why: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ lí do dùng để thay cho “the reason”.
VD: I don’t understand the reason why he was late.

*Why: là phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ lý do

Chúng ta dùng can+infinitive (can do/can see… )
We can see the lake from our bedroom window.
Chúng ta có thể nhìn thấy cái hồ từ cửa sổ phòng ngủ.
Can you speak any foreign languages?
Bạn có nói được một ngoại ngữ nào không?
I can come and see you tomorrow if you like.
Tôi có thể đến thăm bạn vào ngày mai nếu bạn muốn.

Dạng phủ định của can là can’t (=cannot)
I’m afraid I can’t come to the party on Friday.
Tôi e rằng tôi không thể đi dự tiệc vào ngày thứ sáu.

B (Be) able to… có thể thay thế được cho can (nhưng can vẫn được dùng nhiều hơn)
Are you able to speak any foreign languages?
Bạn có thể nói được một ngoại ngữ nào không?

Nhưng can chỉ có hai dạng can (present) và could (past) nên khi cần thiết chúng ta phải dùng
(Be) able to… Hãy so sánh:
I can’t sleep.
Tôi không ngủ được.
Nhưng
I haven’t been able to sleep recently. (can không có present perfect)
Gần đây tôi không ngủ được.

Tom can come tomorrow.
Ngày mai Tom có thể đến.
Nhưng
Tom might be able to come tomorrow. (can không có infinitive)
Ngày mai Tom có khả năng sẽ đến.


Jack là một vận động viên quần vợt cừ khôi. Anh ấy có thể đánh bại bất cứ ai. (=anh ấy có một khả
năng nói chung là đánh bại bất cứ ai)
Nhưng
Jack and Alf had a game of tennis yesterday. Alf played very well but in the end Jack managed to
beat him or… was able to beat him (= he managed to beat him in this particular game)
Jack và Alf đã thi đấu quần vợt với nhau ngày hôm qua. Alf đã chơi rất hay nhưng cuối cùng Jack đã
có thể hạ được Alf. (= Jack đã thắng được anh ấy trong trận đấu đặc biệt này)

Dạng phủ định couldn’t (could not) có thể được dùng cho tất cả các trường hợp:
My grandfather couldn’t swim.
Ông tôi không biết bơi.
We tried hard but we couldn’t persuade them to come with us.
Chúng tôi đã cố gắng rất nhiều nhưng không thể nào thuyết phục họ đến với chúng tôi được.
Alf played well but he couldn’t beat Jack.
Alf đã chơi rất hay nhưng không thể thắng được Jack D. CONJUNCTIONS:
both ….and, not only ….but also, either ….or, neither ….nor

1. Both ….and : đông từ ở hình thức số nhiều
2. Not only ………… but also: đông từ hợp theo chủ ngữ sau but also
3. either ….or và neither ……… nor : đông từ hợp theo chủ ngữ sau OR / NOR
4. Neither + NOUN + nor + NOUN + VERB : động từ luôn ở hình thức khẳng định

Ex: Jim is on holiday and so is Carol . Both
…………………………………………………………….

They were tired and they were hungry. (not only… but also)
…………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………

E. TAG QUESTIONS:

1. Nếu động từ trong câu phát biểu là khẳng đỉnh thì động từ trong tag question là phủ định và
ngược lại.
Ex: The meeting started at 8.00 am., didn’t it.? Ha Noi is very beautiful, isn’t it?.
She was robbed, wasn’t she?.
She didn’t receive my letter, did she?. Peter can speak 5 languages, can’t he?.

2. câu hỏi đuôi đặc biệt :
let’s ………, shall we?.
I am ………., aren’t I?.
This/that ………, is/ isn’t it?.
These/ those … , …are/ aren’t they?.
everything, nothing ,something …………., …is/ isn’t.IT?.
everybody, noone, some one ……… , ……are/ aren’t .they?.
please + V1 (mệnh lệnh) … , will you?.
Nobody(one), nothing, + V (Khẳng định), V (Khẳng định)?.

S + V + never/ hardly/ rarely, no longer …, V (khẳng định)
TAG QUESTIONS:
1.He hardly ever makes a mistake, ________? 11.Let's go out for dinner tonight, ________?
2.She'd save money if she bought fresh food, ________?
3.She's very' funny. She's got a great sense of humour, ________?
12.That isn't Bill driving, ________?
4.The area was evacuated at once, ________? 13 Don't touch that button, ________.?
5.Mr Smith usually remembered his wife's birthdays, ________? 14 I'm too late, ________?
6.Nobody liked the play, ________? 15.Nothing went wrong, ________?
7.Neither of them offered to help you, ________? 8.There'll be plenty for everyone, ________?
G. CLEFT SENTENCES ( Câu chẻ - câu nhấn mạnh )
A. Cleft sentences in the active :
1. Subject focus : We use cleft sentence to emphasize the subject of the action.
It+is/was + NOUN (Subject) + Who/ that + V
Ex
1
: My brother bought a new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.

 It was my brother who bought his new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.
Ex
2
: The man gave her the book. => It was the man who gave her the book. 2. Object focus : We use cleft sentences to emphasize the object of the action.
ACTIVE: It is/ was + NOUN (Object) + that + S +V
Passive : It is/was + Noun + that + S +be+V3/Ved (by+O)

Ex
1
: My brother bought a new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.
 It was a new car that my brother bought from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.
Ex
2
: The boy hit the dog in the garden. => It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden. 3. Adverbial focus : We use cleft sentences to emphasize the adverb ( time / place / …… )

=>
7. His presence at the meeting frightened the children.
=>
8. The man is learning English.
=>
9. The woman gave him the book
=>
10. She sent her friend the postcard.
=>
11. Hoa borrowed the book from Long.
=>
12. The little boy greeted his grandfather in a strnge language.
=>
13. The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions.
=>

14. The dog barked at the stranger.
=>
15. She made some cakes for tea.
=>
16. His father repaired the bicycle for him.
=>
17. She presented him a book on his birthday.
=>
18. He met his wife in Britain. =>
19. She bought that present from the shop.
=>
20. The meeting started at 8.00 a.m.
=>
Exercise 2: Change the sentences into cleft sentences in the passive.

6. A.enjoys B. feels C. takes D. gives
7. A. brothers B. weekends C. problems D. secrets
8. A. shops B. notes C. mouths D. blacksmiths
9. A. airports B. suitcases C. things D. calculators
10 .A. fills B. adds C. stirs D. lets
11.A. sewed B. agreed C. covered D. protected
12.A. smoked B. served C. discussed D. developed

13.A. linked B. declared C. finished D. developed

14.A. derived B. enacted C. destroyed D. endangered
15.A.explored B. entered C. remained D. balanced
16.A. defended B. composed C. completed D. supported
17.A. joined B. solved C. planned D. founded
18.A. allowed B. appalled C. injured D. wounded
19. A. influenced B. accompanied C. terrified D. averaged
20. A. beloved B. naked C. wicked D. confused
21. a. decreased b. influenced c. endangered d. established
22. a. pleased b. raised c. practiced d. used
23. a. attracted b. added c. competed d. developed
24. a. practised b. stamped c.indulged d. accomplished
25. a. helped b. borrowed c. dismissed d. booked
II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others.
1. a. interference b. consequences c. electricity d. entertainment
2. a. preserve b. devastate c. endanger d. release
3. a. fertilize b. deliver c. imagine d. destroy
4. a. energy b. exhausted c. natural d. plentiful
5. a. electricity b. geothermal c. alternative d. radiation
6. a. available b. potential c. unlimited d. infinite
7. a. release b. supplies c. nuclear d. convenient

2. There was no mention of the incident in the national press.
a. television b. newspapers c. Internet d. radio
3. I need to ______ £1,000 to my daughter's account.
a. transfer b. transform c. transmit d. transact
4. ______ to the magazine can take advantage of this special offer.
a. Subscribe b. Subscription c. Subscribing d. Subscribers
5. An extra copy of each document was supplied for onward _____ to head office.
a. transmit b. transmitted c. transmitter d. transmission
6. We offer a very _____ rate for parcels of under 15 kg.
a. competing b. competent c. competitive d. competition
7. The society was set up to ______ endangered species from extinction.
a. prevent b. distinguish c. preserve d. survive
8. If people stop destroying animal's natural habitat, more species will survive and produce ______.
a. offspring b. ecology c. landscape d. benefit
9. Oil spills are having a devastating effect on coral reefs in the ocean.
a. powerful b. significant c. disastrous d. detectable
10. We continue to rainforests and increase the dangers of global warming.
A. cut off B. cut in C. cut out D. cut down
11. They started a campaign to smoking among teenagers.
A. encourage B. decrease C. discourage D. prohibit
12. The Earth will be a planet where' human beings, animals and plants live in peaceful
A. cooperation B. coordination C. corporation D. coexistence
13. Many newer cars have a much lower fuel ______.
a. consuming b. consumer c. consumation d. consumption
14. Increased consumption will lead to faster of our natural resources.
a. exhaust b. exhausting c. exhaustion d. exhaustive
15. is produced from the heat stored in the earth's core.
a. Geothermal energy b. Nuclear energy
c. Solar energy d. Water energy
16. Recently the Asian Games has increased in ______.

a. flying b. orbitting c. traveling d. circuiting
31. Many people are demonstrating to express their ______ with the new land law.
a. satisfied b. satisfactory c. satisfaction d. dissatisfaction
32. The astronauts were able to send the information back to the earth.
a. spaceships b. space stations c. spacemen d. space shots
33. Man has witnessed a great many significant ______ of science and technology in the past few
decades.
a. achieves b. achieved c. achievers d. achievements
34. From his window in space, Gagarin had a view of the Earth that no human beings had done
before.
a. discription b. vision c. recognition d. attention
35. The successful flight marked a milestone in China's space project.
a. landmark b. record c. break-up d. progress
B. GRAMMAR
1. My uncle ______ you met yesterday is a lawyer.
a. which b. who c. whose d. to whom
2. The council is in discussion with Lord Thomas, ______ land most of the village is built on.
a, who b. whom c. whose d. that
3. These adults, ______ come to my night class, are very eager to learn.
a. whose b. who c. that d. when
4. Regina, ______ you have never met before, is a genius in painting.
a. that b. whose c. whom d. whoever
5. The paintings Mr Flowers has in his house are worth around $ 100,000.
a. which b. whose c. what d. whom
6. Oxford, ______ attracts many tourists, is often crowded in the summer.
a. that b. which c. whose d. where
7. It's the best film ______ has ever been made about madness.
a. which b. whom c. whose d. that
8. She cycled from London to Glasgow, ______ is pretty good for a woman of 75.
a. that b. what c. which d. where

c. That Jane Byrne d. When Jane Byrne
21. It was in 1875 _____ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard University.
a. that Anna Winlock b. Anna Winlock, who
c. as Anna Winlock d. Anna Winlock then
22. _____ that the capital of South Carolina was moved from Charleston to Columbia.
a. In 1790 was b. There was in 1790
c. In 1790 d. It was in 1790
23. It was Mr. Harding _____ the bill to yesterday.
a. who sent my secretary b. to whom my secretary sent
c. that my secretary sent d. my secretary sent
24. Which one do you want? -I don't want ______.
a. both b. neither c. either d. each
25. She has neither read 'the book ______ the film.
a. or seen b. nor see c. or see d. nor seen
26. Thomas Eakins studied not only painting ______ anatomy when he was training to become an
artist.
a. moreover b. but also c. as well d. and
27. Endive can be used ______ as a salad green or as a cooking vegetable.
a. such b. both c. either d. neither
28. They invited ______ to their golden anniversary.
a. my wife and I b. I and my wife
c. both my wife and I d. my wife and me
29. Have you finished your work? - No, I haven't and ______.
a. she has not too b. neither she has
c. she has either d. neither has she.
30. Neither the teacher nor his students ______ pleased with the performance of the team.
a. was b. were c. has been d. being
31. No one is better cook than his mother, ______?
a. is she b. isn't she c. are they d. aren’t they
32. Do it right now, ______?

a. have they b. haven't they c. has he d. hasn't he
46. Despite the bad weather, he ______ get to the airport in time.
a. could b. was able to c. couldn't d. might

Phần tự luận

I. Use the proper relative pronoun or relative adverb to combine each pair of sentences
1. Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. He was born on the day. His father was away on that day.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3. He doesn’t want to sell the house. He was born in this house.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I do not know the reason. She left school for it.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The meeting was interesting. I went to it yesterday.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 1: Reduce the following relative clauses to phrases, using to infinitive phrases.
1. He was the last person that would be considered for that position.
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Thomas was the first man that reached the top of the mountain.
……………………………………………………………………………
3. The first student that hands in the paper will get a small gift.
……………………………………………………………………………
4. She was the fourth woman who finished the race.

……………………………………………………………………………
5. I really don’t know the first man that traveled around the world.
……………………………………………………………………………

“both … and” , “neither … nor” , or “either … or”. not only … but also
1. Tom was late. So was Ann.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. I don’t write. I don’t telephone.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The hotel isn’t clean. And it isn’t comfortable.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. It was a very boring film. It was very long, too.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. I didn’t have time to go on holiday. And I didn’t get money.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. The United States possesses spaceship. So does Russian.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. The first storm killed a lot of villagers. So did the second one.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. The deer doesn’t eat meat and hippopotamus doesn’t eat meat.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. She can sing. She can dance.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

10. George doesn’t smoke. And he doesn’t drink, either.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The natural world is under violent assault from man.
The seas and rivers are being poisoned by radioactive wastes, by chemical discharges and by the
dumping of dangerous toxins and raw sewage. The air we breathe is polluted by smoke and fumes
from factories and motor vehicles; even the rain is poisoned.
It's little wonder forests and lakes are being destroyed and everywhere wildlife is disappearing.
Yet the destruction continues.
Governments and industries throughout the world are intensifying their efforts to extract the
earth's mineral riches and to plunder its living resources. The great rainforests and the frozen

5. Governments and industries ___________.
a. don't know what Greenpeace thinks.
b. are forced to understand the problems by Greenpeace.
c. can easily ignore Greenpeace.
d. misunderstand what Greenpeace thinks

A. Read the text carefully then choose the correct answers.
Since the world became industrialized, the number of animal species that have either become
extinct or have neared extinction has increaseD. Bengal tigers, for instance, which 'once roamed the
jungles in vast numbers, now number only about 2,300. By the year 2025, it is estimated that they
will become extinct.

What is alarming about the case of the Bengal tiger is that this extinction will have been caused
almost entirely by poachers who, according to some sources, are not always interested in material
gain but in personal gratification. This is an example of the callousness that is contributing to the
problem of extinction. Animals such as the Bengal tiger, as well as other endangered species, are
valuable parts of the world's ecosystem. International laws protecting these animals must be enacted
to ensure their survival - and the survival of our planet.
Countries around the world have begun to deal with the problem in various ways. Some
countries, in an effort to circumvent the problem, have allocated large amounts of land to animal
reserves. They then charge admission prices to help defray the costs of maintaining the parks, and
they often must also depend on world organizations for support. This money enables them to invest
in equipment and patrols to protect the animals. Another response to the increase in animal
extinction is an international boycott of products made from endangered species. This has' had some
effect, but by itself It will not prevent animals from being hunted and killed.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The Bengal tiger B. International boycotts
C. Endangered species D. Problems with industrialization
2. The word 'poachers' used in line 7 could be best replaced by which of the followings?
A. Illegal hunters B. Enterprising researchers.