SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
CƠ SỞ CỦA TỐI ƯU HÓA MẠNG THÔNG
TIN DI ĐỘNG GSM Ở VIỆT NAM
I . C¸c vÊn ®Ò n¶y sinh khi trao ®æi th«ng tin gi÷a MS vµ BTS
1.1. Suy hao ®êng truyÒn vµ pha®inh
!"#!$%&#'
()#*)+,-&./012
Ls = d
2
. f
2
Ls(dB) = 33,4(dB) + 20lgF(MHz) + 20lgd(km3
(2 45()#4*)+
60$5
7&89:;#-$#&"<+
=&0>?@=-!#'A84$
"4+B"C#-""
#%C ()#*)&-!#'+
D8E5FG/ HI
5#A#-=J59)4#K"+
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 1
H×nh 1: Pha®inh Logarit.
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
(L)M0#5+,!"
5NO/PQ'"9OR
5$+,0>?!"5$S8
P 1E5+D8)
T4()4*)+
ë15*41N5)!
5/O9"+U "!#MR!9"
XK5bT0#Q1@
c5R5502
a. Phân tập (không gian ) anten
XKR4OdHI50AC"
;0>?4*)"'5C"e15
!0`"fgO"153Od5R+
B ()#*)5@-KR
4g+
b. Nhảy tần
X$#-5*4/H55?"#0$/WH
I5)#d$#-0$0
"0$0$"E/h5HI5:
"5&OdQ+XK&5?!&C
5R550+
c. Mã hóa kênh
LP: CH.K19. KTT TRANG 3
4
(\
(i
\ i
Hình 3: Dạng tín hiệu phân tập anten.
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
ëS0$Q1@1KOV0$1
O1)/SOKPj0$HO<k*+<k*&K
OV&NS15M5"1Q
d#%&5?&hK50>
?&H+
ë5R55L955"1&0$
\ i n c \ i n c \ i n c \ i n c
\ \ \ \ i i i i n n n n c c c c
BS/KQ+U&M5)4O"$
O0`QM5)40`O:O8T$Od
JH+
\ ) n c \ ) n c \ ) n c \ ) n c
=L9K&5?!&@Q$+ëo=O"
L9Q5c^sOTiZ0#1M5)4K!
$^]O+
=H$iZ0!c^sO/O1M5)4#t^]
O/?O$i)^]O+
n ^] \ is \ ^] n
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 5
7$OM5)4+
7$OM5)4+
="+
H×nh 4: GhÐp xen.
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
UON0"8M5)4` /
%P$K5M5QO""
?#:\i/^u0$OH#K1
:OVL9+
1.3. Ph¬ng ph¸p chèng ph©n t¸n thêi gian
M« h×nh truyÒn dÉn:
=$Kv9/'5&E@9
#:&+B91)M"O"E#1
O"O-+0#-#O"E5
H+
1.4. Quy ho¹ch «
,$NQ0$10>?!9
V$Od!O!1P8&5!5A
#xhO!0$+
=&!4Q--:0$7_{a7_q+B
&U_=fU0$#dh/=0$4"
#C0>?!0$n_Yac_\ia]_i\3+=H! K'
1#&'1@/5C15#-T-ES0>?
!0$+
∗B 4C0$2|
}=&n_Y 2|~]/Y
}=&c_\i2|~s*
}=&]_i\2|~^/i
(*O4
∗7:d92
(S0>?!0$0C"<(
5=0/0$0"4!
/5AON002
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 7
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
,?2=Sc_\i15?,U
∗B%5?2
- =&n_Y2(Q0$0C"4-
%Pe9/PA'#
0g+B%5? #C'""
/-4g#C5@0P
55C15#-d#?{+
- =&c_\i2>? #C'"O0$9
"45M5R/Pe9"#Q-+
q
n
|
\
|
i
|
n
7
\
7
i
7
n
q
\
q
i
q
n
7
\
7
i
7
n
|
\
|
i
@&0$-R8+
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 9
€0$O+
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
r•R55i2,d!$&0$O#S10>?+
Bg&0$"O5@@!$&
-OV\_c&O#H"&0$-
1&0$O1&-0`%c0#-
1@&O+
U1H&0$-#S%0`5
5?.g&15NO@&-
2
*~*
Z
_im
(20$
*
Z
2O@&0$O+
7&8N1g&0$2
k~cm+k
Z
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 10
€0$O+
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
(k210
k
Z
21@&0$O
2. VÞ trÝ anten trong hÖ thèng GSM
q45#@<(#=/<(K
C!42
- q4z-2(0O8)!E-+
- q4d-2G!4C#54"-
Qd+7;10>?&14[4+7&0Q
51'5#"-55)!h5$15
5)!#d-+
- q4-2XA$4H"4."
SO8)!5$15+G!RQ4-154
-1/!4%5@04?
&1g+
3. KÕt luËn
7R98#0#5/5R
555bT05+(K&S@5r
R55$5A/"0$&10>?#i
5R55ROK.#g&+
II-Thùc hiÖn qu¸ tr×nh tèi u hãa
2.1. Gi¸m s¸t chÊt lîng phôc vô
7%8#$5?#?:95?#?K:S
#:9Q1@@!+D$…"!!
"#-?#O†!"#
)+|#R5K
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 12
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
#:S#:9Q15?#?.9d@
77{((#5…=7+|15?KK
0Q1!"@2
- o0.9 @
…=7+
- o09q+{464+
- $"EK&	hQ
h9#&+
- $K&&#H$&+
- $K&&#x!hK
0<+
<9!&O55%H
9AK"4+
- U9AKQ1
9/)$+
- U9AK8"
9/)$+
- U9AKOd9O=7/<7K"4
$R+
∗(&#!O2Oe&9!
O2$ˆOdJH/0$!/Q5"H!
$+
∗7&NK#<2
- (N0$#1+
- (N0$9O+
- $k_9O+
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 14
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
!&91 #O"-KO
T/T4+
2.1.1. Gi¸m s¸t trªn A.Interface
o09q+{464OV5R555AO0$]+
X!#5AK8@#-?KQ1
$45</=7Q1#q+{464
0$1#64+(5AK#""
K+$Q5Q!jKg#j
D#4_9A2U 9AQ1P//
K-4$R/P+
$k"4_"<71OV0$9O10>
?"4<7K+
2.2.2. Ph©n tÝch c¸c thèng kª chÝnh
XK!$R5N"&0$h
J5h9!<(Ih95+|&K
"d0Q1)$#-4
"#C!/55A;C"+
7%8.#O40$+
($9##`OKe0$@$@\Z4)Q#-#C
5$#^4)Q#R#C&&+7:S2
- $5%"EOdR/KOdR+
- $5%'5"EOdQO!+
- =8`"4+
- ,QQ1+
$O4hK@+
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 16
SVTH: TRN VN KHANH GVHD: TRNH QUANG KHI
<$9 :9Q10`5M55A#h
#Q'+7#KQ5h8Q5+B
h#Q50J5)54"E@#Q/:
$5O9J02
- o#Q48"9+
- (K&0$:SQ1vK'O)-
N+
- X+
- (N&0$h5!N+
- 0d:S0HN+
2.2.3. Đa ra các vấn đề kỹ thuật
•R55OVN0$15P
e9)4 #C!N
!0$+
•R55N&0Q5-Q#gQ=#(*w
I5M5Pe9/%b5?"#
-5?#?@4+
2.3.3. Thay ®æi th«ng sè hÖ thèng - Tèi u hãa m¹ng
,N&0$$5M5-"!$
R+
- 7&0$K1
<77D/777D+
- (&0$Gq72wd0$4CGq7KAOV O
'5'#d#E+,-"8$K%j
9&/0$'5"E&+
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 18
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
2.3.4. Thay ®æi th«ng sè chuyÓn giao
7&0$K55QE)d0.
dK"15x/R"EIK
QO!+
2.4. Thùc hiÖn
>?Od@q4KA1@!#A
Q1@!8A%5?#?@!O
5R.0A2
Ph ¬ng ¸n 1
>?!0‡K"%5?#?!OV
AQ5Q@!+X$#-!…Q
!"<(#-4#&-0`K!4[48e
n<(#-n4/H4d-\iZ
Z
O†+
Ph ¬ng ¸n 3 (Ph ¬ng ¸n tèi u)
XA5RN15@5R9OV.Er
K#!TK@;+•R$.
4#%Q<(!!0‡eJ5h!
-!#.1#RQ15@0
V58#1#Q15@0e@
!+
•R$& 581&"D
U" %-bR#Q„'#
$5"!+•R$K#
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 20
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
O8@#Q+wM#h„'!-1"#T0.
T@!I/#T0.5KA+
2.5. KÕt luËn
7R?:9#„'K.$
$R#"0$5R8.n5RKA
Q1%5?#?@!+
{{{r Lêi KÕt luËn
7&#$"&#Qbg#T"/
JOJ'J$#'5 =#!/I
0.9 5@!+UOh
&5;I55;LO#$
bgQ$5$15"e+U
8#$b50.;5†@Q5R!
K0/!/5A#K+(;
0$@)#Q#)A.R0!
5K&#$h5
%/O9!#.9R0&598
\Z c/\Y\\ c/ittY c/n]tc c/cs\i ^/Ztc ^/^iYc s/i\^] ]/^\Zs Y/st^ \c/s]]
\\ c/tsn] c/Y]ZY ^/ZsY\ ^/\^YY ^/tc\^ s/nit ]/Z]sc t/ct]\ \Z/t^] \s/n\c
\i ^/^^cn ^/s]Zt ^/]]]c ^/t]s s/s\c] ]/\c\ ]/Y^Z\ Y/c]c \i/Zns \]/Y^c
\n s/isZ] s/ntsn s/^Z\\ s/sZ]i ]/cZ\^ ]/Yss] t/tncY \Z/c] \n/iii \Y/^Yn
\c s/Yt\\ ]/\\^c ]/inti ]/n^\] t/iZZn t/tZn^ Y/]iY^ \\/c]n \c/c\n i\/icn
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 22
$
9
CÊp bËc phôc vô
SVTH: TRẦN VĂN KHANH GVHD: TRỊNH QUANG KHẢI
\^ ]/]\nY ]/t^st ]/Yt]c t/\Zt Y/ZZYs Y/s^ \Z/snn \i/ctc \^/sZt ii/tY\
\s t/c^]Y t/sZYi t/]c]c t/t]^ Y/titc \Z/^Z^ \\/^cc \n/^ \s/tZ] ic/^c\
\] Y/i\\Y Y/n]\c Y/s\]\ Y/s^\s \Z/s^s \\/nst \i/cs\ \c/^ii \t/Z\ is/\Yi
\t Y/Y]^\ \Z/\cn \Z/iYs \Z/cn] \\/cY\ \i/int \n/nt^ \^/^ct \Y/i\s i]/tcc
\Y \Z/]c] \Z/Yii \\/tZi \\/in \i/nnn \n/\\^ \c/n\^ \s/^]Y iZ/cic iY/cYt
iZ \\/^is \\/]ZY \\/t]s \i/Zn\ \n/\ti \n/YY] \^/icY \]/s\n i\/sn^ n\/\^i
i\ \i/n\i \i/^Zn \i/ss] \i/tnt \c/Zns \c/tt^ \s/\tY \t/s^\ ii/tct ni/tZt
ii \n/\Z^ \n/nZn \n/ctc \n/s^\ \c/tYs \^/]]t \]/\ni \Y/sYi ic/Zsc nc/csc
in \n/YZc \c/\\ \c/iY] \c/c] \^/]s\ \s/s]^ \t/Zt iZ/]n] i^/it\ ns/\i\
ic \c/]ZY \c/Yii \^/\\s \^/iY^ \s/sn\ \]/^]] \Y/Zn\ i\/]tc is/cYY n]/]]Y
i^ \^/^\Y \^/]nY \^/YnY \s/\i^ \]/^Z^ \t/ctn \Y/Yt^ ii/tnn i]/]i nY/cn]
is \s/nnc \s/^s\ \s/]st \s/Y^Y \t/ntn \Y/nYi iZ/Ycn in/tt^ it/Yc\ c\/ZYs
i] \]/\^n \]/nt] \]/sZ\ \]/]Y] \Y/is^ iZ/nZ^ i\/YZc ic/YnY nZ/\sc ci/]^^
it \]/Y]] \t/i\t \t/cnt \t/sc iZ/\^ i\/ii\ ii/ts] i^/YY^ n\/ntt cc/c\c
iY \t/tZ^ \Y/^Zn \Y/i]Y \Y/ct] i\/ZnY ii/\c in/tnn i]/Z^n ni/s\c cs/Z]c
nZ \Y/sn] \Y/tY\ iZ/\in iZ/nn] i\/Yni in/Zsi ic/tZi it/\\n nn/tc c]/]n^
n\ iZ/c]n iZ/]nc iZ/Y]i i\/\Y\ ii/ti] in/Yt] i^/]]n iY/\]c n^/Zs] cY/nY^
ni i\/n\i i\/^t i\/tin ii/Zct in/]i^ ic/Y\c is/]cs nZ/in] ns/iY^ ^\/Z^s
C¸c ch÷ viÕt t¾t
7 #J (9(q (9(,
Ccch
7774 B9K
Ccs
774 <9
Cic
7{4674 =L'!!
C/a
74q‹4, (j0$0_0A'
C/i
74{46444, (j0$0_P
Cgi
74oO{4 U'!&
C/r
74*464, (j0$0_05)!
CCItt
74706{44
(44544(4454
ˆjO#Q$#
!/O
Cspdn
7Š4•O|U4Š =!0$&"K
!4!
Cgi
74oO{4 U'!&
Dtx
|00(000 (S&9?
Dcch
|44774 B9K9
Dpc
|40•74 =LK'
o4Š**4 Xd!"N
Gmsc
o4Š=7 =7N
Gss
o5ŠO004 D$K!
Gt
oO(4 (9
GSM
o5454=O4oO04
6=O47
Uh"
$&"
Gos
o464#4 7Q5"5?#?
Imei
{4 =O4 k54
{4
U'! Od !
"p$(
Imsi
{4=O4{4 U'!!"p$(
Isdn
{444#40|U4Š =!0$9d#?
Isi
{4O{46444 UP
La
Gq4 ,Cd#d
Lac
Gq474 =L#Cd#d
LỚP: CH.K19. KTĐT TRANG 25