DAI HOC QUOC
GIA
HA
NOI
TRUCING
DAI HOC KHOA HOC
TlT NHIEN
D^
T.AI:
NGHIEN
ClTL
CHE
T.AO
HE THONG
PH.AN TICH
DONG CHAY
XACH TAY
Sir
DUNG CAC
DIEN Cl/C
CHON LOG ION LAM
DETECTOR XAC
DINH
CAC ION
CHlTA NITO
CO TRONG
NlTOC
THAI PHU
DLONG
MA SO : QT-97-06
CHU TRI Ot

Hung
Viet,
Gidm doc trung tdm Hod hoc Moi
truang
-
Tru&ng
Dai
hoc Khoa hoc tu nhien - Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha
Noi
CACCANBOPHOIHOP:
- ThS. Do
Phiic
Qudn,
Trung tdm Hod hoc Moi
tru&ng,
DHKHTN HN
- ThS.
Duang
Hong
Anh.
Trung tdm Hod hoc Moi
tru&ng,
DHKHTN HN
BAO CAO TOM TAT
1.
Detai:
• Ten de tai :
''Nghien cioi
che
tqo

bi phan
tich
dong chay su dung cac dien cue chon loc ion lam
detector xac dinh cac ion
nitrat.
nitril
va
amoni
trong
nuoc
va
nuoc
thai.
• Noi
dung
:
Phal tridn
cac ket qua nghien cuu
v^
cac
loai
dien
cue
chon loc ion trong dong chay su
dung
tai
phong thi
nghiem
Thiet ke va che tao he thong mang
thaim tich

va he so
chon
Ipc
ion doi
\6i
cac anion gay anh huang
toi
qua
irinh
phan tich cua dien cue hau
hei
nho han
10".
Khao sat cac
dit^u kien
lam
\'iec
cua dien
cue
trong dong chay la dem photphat
10"^
M. pH
=
2,8 va loc dp 2.3
ml/phiit.
• Che tao bp
th^m
tich khi tren ca so cac vat
lieu
bang nhua Teflon eo ty

trinh
trung gian
chuydn
hoa thanh NOx.
Dung dieh chat mang la muoi
KH2PO4
nong do
10"^
M/1 vai pH=2,8 trong do c6 chua
0,1%
Wt
H2O2
va
NaN03
nong dp
lO'-M/l
Dung dieh axit hoa la
H3PO4
nong dp
5.10'M/l
Toe dp dong chat mang la 2,3ml/phut
The'
tich vong miu
500|il
• Che tao duac dien cue chpn
Ipc
ion amoni mang long tren eo so ionophore
nonaclin/monactin[16] bao gom:
- 3 % ionphore cho amoni (nonactin/monactin).
- 30% PVC.

7,2)
dt
tang do chpn loc
ciia
phep phan
lich,
tu do
ma rpng kha nang dp dung cua dien
cue
cho xac dinh ion amoni trong nuac thai. Dien
cue
lam viec tuyen
linh
trong khoang tu
10'
den
lO""*
mol/1
NH4^
vai
dp doc la 53,2
mV/dee.
• Ky thuat phan lich su dung cue chpn
Ipc
ion la dan gian, nhanh, nhay va
chinh
xac
cao.
Tren
co

wastewater^'
VNU Hanoi Research grand number: QT-97-06
2.
Name of investigator: Ass.
Prof.
Dr. Pham Hung Viet, Director, Center of
Environmental Chemistry, Hanoi University of Science, VNU Hanoi.
3.
Members of Project:
MSe.
Do Phuc Quan, Center of Environmental Chemistry, Hanoi University of
Science, VNU Hanoi.
MSe.
Duong Hong Anh, Center of Environmental Chemistry, Hanoi University of
Science, VNU Hanoi.
4.
Object and Content of Project:
Object:
Development of a model of portable flow injection system with ion selective
sensors as detector to study nitrogen-containing
ions
in eutrophical wastewater.
Content :
Development and application of liquid membrane electrode such nitrate and
ammonium ion selective electrodes used as polentiometric detector in flow
injection analysis system (FIA).
Design and fabrication of gas dialysis chamber to enhance selectivity and
sensitivity of polentiometric method used ion selective liquid membrane
electrodes.
Application of

^o
be determined by mean
of SSM in the range from
10"
to
10^
Flow injection analysis condition: Phosphate buffer
(pH=2.8,
10~
M/1) and flow rate
2.3
ml/min.
Design and fabrication of gas dialysis chamber from PTFE with available wider
channels (a ratio surface area to volume of channel is 24.6
cm')
improves the
efficiency of gas transfer and thus the detection capabilities of system.
Condition of FIA
-ISE
conjunction with flow though dialysis chamber for
nitrite
determination:
Carrier solution:
10'^
M/1 phosphate buffer, pH=2.8 containing 0.1%
wi
H.O,
and
10"'
M/INO3.

and ammonium
in
natural water and domestic wastewater
Ha not, ngay thang nam 1999
XAC NHAN CUA
BAN CHU
NHlfiM
KHOA
CHU TRI
D£
TAI
U ?Tl
A;^^^^^^/^^^'^''''^^'^^^'""""^^*-^
XAC NHAN CUA
TRUING
I. MO DAU
Su phat trien cua khoa hpc, cong nghe va dai song hien dai doi hoi cac nha phan tich hpc
phat
tri^n,
phdi
hap nham sang tao nhung ky thual, phuang phap phan tich moi cho kha
nang thue hien cac phep do
vdi
toe dp cao, xac dinh nhung luang vet va sieu vet cac chat
vai dp lap
lai
va dp chinh xac ngay cang
Ian
[1,2].
De dap ung nhimg yeu eau do bat dau

each
dong thai hoac thue hien cac phan ung noi tiep nhau
mot
each
nghiem ngat,
sir
dung cac chat che khae nhau theo nhimg thu tu nhat dinh trong
mot he phan ung.
Nhung
ky thuat tren ro rang la kho
thue
hien
dupe
bang tay su dung cac
dung cu thong thuang va neu phai thue hien
thi
tat phai nhan nhung ket qua co dp chinh
xac va dp lap lai thap.
De
phan tich nhung
lucmg
vet trong cac doi
tircmg
phuc tap nguai la
con muon ket hap cac phuang phap tach, cac phuang phap lam giau co hieu qua cao nhu
chiet
bang dung moi huu co, trao
dOi
ion vai cac phucmg phap do quang hpc va dien hoa
trong mot thiet bi phan tich boat dong tu dong [10-13]. Thue hien nhung y tuang tren, cac

PHAP
NGHlfiN CtfU
Theo nhiem
vii
cua
da
tai la nghien cuu ung dung dien cue chpn
Ipc
ion lam detector
trong he thong phan tich dong chay nham xac dinh chpn
Ipc
cac ion chua nita trong moi
truang, cac buac khao sat tien hanh sau day :
Che tao mang va dien cue chpn
Ipc
ion nitrat.
Che tao mang va dien cue chpn
Ipc
ion amoni
- Che tao bp tham tich
sir
dung mang tham khi teflon
Khao sat cac dieu kien lam viec cua dien cue trong
irang
thai
tInh
va trong he FIA
- Khao sat cae dieu kien lam viec cua he thong dong chay ket hap vai bp tham tich khi.
Ung dung he thong dong chay xac dinh ham luang cua cac ion nitrat, nitril va amoni
trong mot so miu nuac va nuac thai

xitric.
- Dung
dich
NaOH
- Cac muoi
v6
co:
NaCl,
KH2PO4,
Na3HP04,
Na.PO,.
NaOAc,
NaHCO;,
NaBr.
Nal,
NaSCN.
NaNO., NaNO,,
NH4CI,
MgCL,
LiCl,
NaCl,
BaCU,
KCl,
Na,B40,.
KMn04.
K2Cr207,
H2O2
Vat lieu mang cua hang Fluka, Buchs, Thuy Sy
Dung dieh dem MES
(2-morpholinoethanesulfonie

sit
dung dung moi tetrahydrofuran khan, tinh
khiet. Do dac tinh cua THF co kha nang hap thu hai nuoc trong khong khi va
da
bi peroxit
hoa trong
didu
kien binh thuang, nen trong THF
thucmg
co
lin lupng
nho nude va peroxit,
VI
vay
can
phai chung eat THF truac khi
sii
dung. Qua
trinh
chung cat duac tien hanh nhu
sau :
Cho THF vao binh cau ba eo the tich 500 ml. Cho them KOH vao
binh
chung cat de' lam
kho loan bp nuac lan trong THF. Dun hoi
luu
1,5 gia trong dieu kien eo dong khi Nita d6
phan buy loan bp luang peroxit, sau do cat lay 1/3 lupng THF ban dau
thi
ngung qua trinh

cac thanh phan phu nham muc
dieh
ue che cac ion la trong qua trinh do cac dung dieh co
cuang dp ion lan. Cac thanh phan mang duac hoa tan hoan loan bang 2 ml THF (khan,
linh khiet) trong mot
Ip
thuy linh pyrex, sau do rot dung dich mang vao vong
ihiiy
tinh
duang kinh 24 mm
dai
tren tam
kinh
sach (rua bang xa phong, nuac cat, etanol, axelon va
say kho).
Di
cho dung moi bay hai sau 24 gia la se thu
dupe
mot mang long chpn loc ion
CO
dp day khoang 0,2 mm.
Diing
mui khoan cat mot mang co duong kinh 5 mm lap vao
than dien cue van nang. sau do
luyen
dien
cue
24 gio trong dung dich npi truac khi sir
dung.
Tlianh

o-Nitro phenyl Octyl Ete
O.
/O
H(n-Bu)
/
a
/ \
CH(n-Bu
(BBPA)
Bis
(l-Butylpeniyl)
Adipate
\
BK
/
(KT4CIPB)
Kah Tetra
(4-Clo
Phenvl)
Boral
CH^
Q
0
CH
O
CH3
Nonactin/Monactin
Hinh
2.1 : Cong thue
ciia

Ihiet
bi buong tham khi dupe che tao sao cho moi
kenh
ciia
thiet bi nay co ty le
dien tich
be mat so
\ai
the tich buong lan han so
\ai
cac
thiet bi thong thuang
khae
(24.6cm ' so vai
16.3cm'
i.
V6 thiet bi buong tach duac che tao
bans
vat lieu nhua Teflon (hinh 2.2)
5cm
PTfEri'Tiitir iri
Pl.jitir
cnn,
-=zz
3cm
1 '
1
1
'il.T,
h—f'

cue
duac xac dinh theo phuang phap dung dich rieng: cac dung
dich
NO;,HCO/
CP,
Br -, I
".
NO,',
SO^'
duac pha trong dung dich dem Tris 0,01 M/1,
pH
=
7,51
- Khao sat
diau
kien phan tich nitrit sir dung he FIA vai dien cue chpn
Ipc
ion nitrat ket
hap vai bp tham tich khi.
Phuang phap nay dua tren ca sa
sir
dung mot bp tham tich khi dan gian vai mot loai mang
tham khi ket hap trong he thong dong chay. Dung mang thich hap trong buong tach co
tha
ngan duac cac ion
gay
can tra
chuydn
tai dien cue chpn
Ipc

duns dung dich nitrit
10"^
M/1 trong cac dong chat mang co dp pH va cac ham luang
chat oxy hoa khae nhau, so sanh chiau cao
ciia
cac
pic
tuang ung da chon dieu kien lam
viec sao cho dp nhay
ciia
phep do la
cue
dai
*
Xac dinh thai gian
ciia
phan ung chuyen hoa
Thai gian phan ung
a
day
dupe
tinh la khoang thai gian
tij
khi dong van thu nhat den khi
bat dau dong van thu hai. Bam dung dich Nitrit tai mot nong dp nhat dinh, thay
d6i
thai
gian phan ung, khao sat
ke't
qua do thi do de tim thai gian phan

dien cue doi voi cac ion can sau
khi
da qua thiet bi mang tham
2.4.2 Khao sat dieu kien lam viec
ciia
dien
cue
mang long chon loc ion amoni
- Khao sat dien cue do a trang thai
tinh
Xay dung duang lam
x'lec
ciia
dien cue amoni trong cac dung dich dem khae nhau :
Dem MES CO
pH
=
5.5
Dem
Tris
co pH
=
7,2
Dem borat pH
=
9,0
Xac dinh he so chpn
Ipc ciia
dien cue
Ha so chpn loc

- Khao sal he FIA ghep vai bo tham tich khi
Sau khi khao sal cac yeu to
Iran,
chung
toi tien
hanh buac tiep theo,
gdn
them mot bo
tham tich khi amoni da tang do chpn
Ipc
va kha nang ung dung
thue
le
ciia
he thong.
2.4.3 Khao sat dieu kien phan
tich
miu
thue te
- Diau kien lay miu va bao quan miu
Xir ly
sa bp miu tru6e khi phan tich
III.
K^T
QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1 Khao sat cac dieu kien lam viec cua dien
cue
nitrat
Doi vol cue chpn
Ipc

• (2)T0AN
a (3)
NfTDAfi
-7
-5
-4
3
Lg[NO-
]
3
Hinh
3.1 : Duong lam viae
ciia
dien
cue
nitrat mang long vai
cac chat trao doi ion khae nhau
300
EMF (mV)
200
100
16.0
U.O".
55.7 IglNOj-]
(1)
8.5 -
59.1 Jg[N03-]
(2)
-15.0
-

cha't
trao doi ion long la nhanh nhat (thong qua viec do thai gian dap ung
ciia
dien
cue) va
CO
dp doe va khoang tuyen tinh lan nhat. Ngoai ra nhan to lam moi truang van
chuyen cua cac chat trao
dOi
ion long cung
v6
cung quan trpng. Vai chat deo hoa la o-
NPOE mang thu dupe co mau trong (kha nang hoa tan cac chat trao d6i ion long
tot),
con
khi
sir
dung cac chat deo hoa khae mang co mau due.
Bang 3.1 : Ket qua xac dinh he so chpn loc cua dien cue nitrat bang phuang phap dung
dich rieng (nong dp ion cua cac dung dich
10"'
M/1,
do
tinh
va do trong dong chay FIA)
ions
NO^-
SCN-
I-
Br-

-0.89
-1.99
-3.24
-3.09
-3.54
-3.66
-4.18
-3.86
-1.13
aj,max
(M/1)
10'
1.4xl0'
5.0x10"^
7.8x10^
9.8xl0'
1.74
1.23
3.5
2.1x10'
3.5x10'
5.3xl0'
l.4xl0'
Do trong trang thai dong chav
(FIA)
E(mV)
59
-44
-12
109

2.6
3.5
2.2xl0'
2.2x10'
7.24xl0'
1.4x10'
Tix
ket qua xac dinh ha so ebon
Ipc ciia
dien cue. chung toi nhan thay cac anion gay anh
huang manh la SCN '. I '.
Br',
NO.
"
va
CI '
va OH
7
Do co dp ma hoa cao. ion I",
SCN'
CO
tha hoa tan true
tiep
vao pha mang ma khong can den
sir
tuang tac
vai
cac chat trao
dOi
ion. Tuy nhian nong dp

dung dich chuna ta c6
the
loai bo hoan loan anh huang
ciia
chiing.
Sau khi do kiem tra trong trang
thai
tinh.
chiing
toi
da thir nghiem do trong dong chay
FIA voi cac dieu
kien
da dupe
nghian ciiru
cho dap ung tot nhat :
loai.
thanh phan. pH va
loc dp
ciia
dung dich chai mang cho he FIA la dam photphat
10'^
M. pH = 2.8 va toe do
2.3
ml/phiit.
3.2 Khao sat dieu kien phan
tich
nitrit su dung he FIA voi dien
cue
chon

dung 3
loai
chat
oxy hoa la
KMn04,
K2Cr207,
H.O
tat ca deu
dupe
pha trong dem photphat. Ca
KMnOj
va
K2Cr207
deu to ra kha nang oxy hoa rat tot, nhung do tinh oxy hoa manh cua chiing
nen gay ra nhieu tra ngai eo tha lam hong mang. Khi
sir
dung chat oxy hoa
H^O.,
chiing
toi nhan thay rang khong gap tra ngai nhu trong hai truang hcfp tren.
Qua trinh oxy hoa mau xav ra nhu sau
NO,-
'
NO.
+
H.O.
NO,
(thue hian
a pH thap)
NO.

nhan thay qua theo doi tin
hieu
do).
Bang ket qua sau day se chi ra nong dp thich hcfp
ciia
chat oxy boa va dp pH
ciia
dong
chat mang (theo chiau cao
ciia
pie dupe tinh bang em).
Bang 3.2: Su phu thuoc
ciia
kha nang oxy hoa vao pH \a ham luang
ciia
chat oxy hoa
H.O.
%H2(V\
0,05
0,10
0,15
2,4
3.0
3.2
2.8
2,6
3,1
3,5
3.3
2,8

dien
circ
va tang do nhay lai cac nong dp nitrit thap.
3.2.2. Xac dinh thdi gian cua phan
ixng
chuyen hoa
Thai gian cua phan ung chuyen hoa dupe xac dinh la khoang thai gian ka tir
liie
bam miu
den khi dong van thu hai. Khao sat thai gian phan
ling
thich hcfp quyet dinh den dp
chuyan hoa cua qua trinh. Bang ket qua dual day cho ta thay khoang thai gian thich hap
la 2,0
phiit.
Bang 3.3:
Sir
phu thuoc cua dp chuyen hoa vao thai gian oxy boa NO,.
Thai gian oxy hoa (phut)
Nong dp
10-'M
10-'M
10-'
M
10-'M
1,0 1,5
2,0 2,5
Cac
gia tri the
do duac (mV)

- Dung dich axit hoa la
H,P04
nong dp
5.10''M/1
Toe dp dong chat mang la 2,3ml/phut
The tich vong miu 500|il
Dp nhay may ghi 50mV
Toe dp giay may ghi
Imm/phiit
Hinh ?f3 :
Tin
hiau
FIA
ciia
dung dich chuan
mint
xac dinh bang
dien
cue nitrat
ket hap vai bo tham tich
10
Tinh chpn
Ipc
cao ciia he thong phu thupe vao kha nang khuyech tan cua cae khi boa tan
trong dong chat mang qua mang teflon cua bp tham tich va dp chpn
Ipc ciia
detector chpn
loc ion nitrat. Ket qua thue nghiem cho thay cae ion
HCO3",
F',

Su ton tai cua ion amoni trong dung dich rat phu thuoc vao pH
ciia
dung dich do. do vay
khao sat su anh huang
ciia
pH dung dieh tai phep do dian the
ciia
ion nay la cin thiet. Cac
dung dich dem (nong dp
10"'
M/1) co pH khae nhau dupe
lua
chpn nhu sau : dem MES pH
=
5,5;
dem Tris pH
=
7.2 va dem Borat pH = 9.0. Ket qua dupe the hien trong hinh 3.4.
EMF(mV)
150
100 -
?00
1 - Oo trong dem Tns
pH-7.2
?- Do
liong
dem M£S
p\-{=j.7
3- Do trong dem Borax
pll=S.0

Khi
do trong dem MES pH = 5.5 va dem Tns pH =
7.2
ihi
dien
cue
boat dong tot ban. gia
tri the
6n
dmh. nhung dien
circ
do trong dem Tns co do doc
\'a
khoang tuyen tinh mo
rpng ban, co tha
dai
den
giai
han phat
hien
5.10"
M/l cua
ion
amoni.
II
Qua cac ke't qua khao sat tren chiing toi nit ra ket
luan
dian cue boat dong tot trong dem
Tris pH
=7,2.

-4.18
Sai
so cue
dai
Pg
(%)
-_-
0.014
0.030
0.40
20.00
0.03
0.03
1
0.01
Til bang ka't qua he so chpn
Ipc,
cho ta thay ion
K^
va
chpn
Ipc
ion amoni, va cung tu bang tran cho thay
khi
amoni thi sai so gay ra la 0,4% doi vai truang hcfp Na
cac ion
khae
co he so chpn
Ipc
K^^^

Con doi
vai
10
'^,
sai so do chiing
gay
ra trong
chiing loi che tao co dp chpn
Ipc
2 ion
K"
va
Na*.
Theo cac tai lieu
uang kha cao. Vi vay da
iranh
cac
hanh khao sat theo phuang phap
dong chay.
3.3.2 Khao sat
cue
amoni do trong he thong FIA
Lua chon chat mang:
Til
ket qua thu dupe khi khao sal
dien ciJc
a trang thai
tinh
ta su dung dien cue ebon loc
ion amoni lam detector trong he thong dong chay.

pH==7.5
thi co the tuyen tinh trong khoang
tii
lO'"*
den 10''M nhung
khi
do dp doc thap (45,8mV/dec), do thanh phan
ciia
dem co chua
cac ion kali va natri.
Tir
cac ket qua thu
dupe
chiing loi thay dem phot phat khong thich hap lam chat mang vi
tin hieu xau, duang nen khong dupe
Ihang,
dp doc khong cao va khoang tuyen linh hep.
Con doi vai hai
loai
dem xitrat va dem
Tris,
thi
dem Tns cho tin
hieu
tot han. dp doc cao
ban (53,lmV/dec). nhung thai
gian
tra lai duang
nan
keo dai (khoang 3 phut). Trong

dong chay. Cac cation khae nhau vai nong dp
O.IM
lan
luot
dupe bam vao he. ket qua thu
dupe
a bang sau:
Bang 3.5: Ha so chpn
Ipc
ion
ciia
dien cue amoni mang long
\'a
phan tram
sai
so
cue
dai
doi vai nons do
10"'
M/l
ciia
cac duns dich ion ngoai duac do irons dong chav.
Cation
NH,
H*
Lr
Na*
K*
Mg'*

0.001
0.006
0.002
13
So sanh ket qua
vira
thu
dupe
vai ket qua
a
trang thai
tinh,
chiing toi nhan thay trong dong
chay dp chpn loc tuy co cao ban nhung vin bi
Na"*"
va K
"^
gay sai so lan
(0.16
% do Na"*"
va 15,85 % do
K"*"
gay ra). Qua do ta thay rang, vin chua the xac dinh true tiep amoni tir
cae
mau
theo phuang phap dong chay.
Vi vay, tren ca sa tham khao tai lieu nuac ngoai,
ciing
vai nhung ket qua thu
dupe a Iran

(3.1)
Di
can
bang chuyan dich ve phia trai (tao NH3) thi can phai tang pH
ciia
dung dich thanh
moi truang kiam. Trong truang hcfp nay, chiing toi da diing dung dich NaOH co pH khae
nhau cho phan
ling
chuyen hoa va dong thai lam dong van chuyen
mau
den bp tham tich.
Sau day la tin hieu FIA va duang lam viec cua dien
cue
khi diing NaOH co pH khae nhau
cho phan ung chuyen boa.
-~i
s
— *
-^^
Hinh
3.6 : Tin
hiau FIA
kei hap
voi
bo tham
lich khi
100
EMF(mV)
0 -

viae
lot nhat.
nghIa
la phan ung
chuyen hoa
Iriat
da nhai. Neu pH cao ban nua
.se
dan den qua trinh thuy phan cac cation
kim loai kiem
lh6,
gay
tac mang. ngan can qua trinh tham
khi.
Vay pH tot nhat cho phan
ling chuyen boa la 12.
Xdc dinh
ihZyi
gian chuyen hod
Thai gian chuyen hoa cung chinh la thai
gian
ke'
lu khi
dong van
ihu
nhat den khi dong
van thu hai) bao gom :
4-
Thai gian chuyen boa tii NH
^

2.0
89.7
2.5
95
3.0
96.8
3.5
94
4,0
92,5
Tij
do ta thay rang thai gian cho su chuyen hoa lan nhat la 3
phiii.
Xdc
dinh he so chon loc:
Trong he nay, qua trinh xac dinh
NH4+
khong bi
Na"^
va
K+
gay anh huang nhung neu
nong dp
Ca^"*"
va
Mg^"^
lan se bi thuy phan, tao ket lua dang huyan phu (do pH cao cua
moi
truang), lam tac mang, can tra qua trinh tham khi. Trong truang hap nay, dung dich chat
chuyen hoa (NaOH) can cho tham EDTA (nong dp

100
\x\
3.4.
iTng
dung do
mkn
moi truang
nude
va nuoc thai
Hien nay so dan a
thii
do Ha noi co khoang
Iran
1,5
irieu
nguai. Vai han 250 nha may lan
va trung binh. khoang 1000 co so san xuat nho, 20 benh vien va nhiau vien nghien cuu
khae.
Lucng nuac thai hang nam cua Ha
npi
ca 120 irieu
m'
dupe thai ra
chii
yeu tii 4
khu cong
nghiep
chinh nam a phia nam thanh phd da la ngu6n gay o nhiem anh huang
true tiep tai nguon nuac khu vuc Ha npi. Cac khu cong
nghiap

sinh vat gay benh. nhieu hoa chat co doc tinh. Nuoc thai
sinh
boat cung nhu nuac
thai cong nghiep la nhung doi tuang co chua nhieu
ion
co
nita.
Lucng nuoc do dupe
thai
true
tiep vao cac kanh, muang, ao, ho
da
tan dung cac chai
dinh
duong trong nuac thai da
nuoi ca. Dong thai tir cac ngu6n nuac nay chung cung co tha duac diing da bam tuai cho
hoa mau.
Chinh
VI
vay. chung toi tien hanh lay miu a mot so nha may nuac
Iran
dia ban Ha
noi
cung nhu mot so diam tren he thong thoat nuac nham thu nghiam kha nang ung dung cua
thiet bi phan tich dong chay sir dung
cue
chon
Ipc
ion phuc vu phan tich cac
ion

sir
chuyan boa cua cae vi sinh vat. Tat ca cac
miu nay dupe dung trong chai thuy tinh 1 lit mau nau va dupe bao quan a
4'^C
trong
phong thi nghiem.
3.4.2 Xac dinh ham
lugng
cac ion amoni eo trong mau nuoc ngam:
De khao sat viec xac dinh ham lucng cac ion v6 co co chua nita trong moi truang. buac
diu chiing toi thu nghiem
tia'n
hanh xac dinh ham luang ion amoni co trong nuac ngim
tran dia ban Ha npi bing dien cue chpn
Ipc
ion amoni mang long vira che tao a tran. Dong
thai so sanh ket qua thu dupe vai viec xac dinh bang dien cue khi amoniac thuang
mai
do
MI che tao.
a) Xdc dinh ham luang cdc ion amoni co trong man nuac ngdm hang dien
cue
mang long:
Viae xac dinh nong dp ion amoni co trong nuoc ngam
dupe
thue hien theo phuang phap
iham.
Npi dung
ciia
phuang phap do nhu sau:

-E,
AC
,QA£5
Vo
Vo + Va
Cac miu dung trong
viae
khao sat
dupe
lay
lu
cac nha may nuac nam tran dia ban Ha
npi
nhu : Nha may nuac
Mai
dich. nha may nuac Phap Van. nha may nuac Ha dinh. nha may
nuac Yan phu, nha may nuac Tuang mai. nha may bia Heniger
Tien hanh do gia tri
the
E, truac
khi
them 0.25ml
NH.Cl
O.IM
va
gia in
the
E.
sau
khi

-52.6
-52.8
-53.3
•52.9
19.1
13.9
Sau
-75.0
-75.5
-75.1
-75.2
-54.5
-54.8
-54.1
-54.5
20.7
12.3
HaDmh
Truac
-79.2
-79.8
-79.6
-79.5
-56.3
-55.5
-56.4
•56.1
23.4
10.2
Sau

-60.7
38.8
4.1
TuangMai
Truac
-88.6
-88.6
-88.0
-88.3
-58.9
-59.1
-58.4
-58.8
29.5
6.9
Sau
-91.1
-90.7
-91.3
-91.0
-60.6
-60.8
-60.1
-60.5
30.5
6.5
Do
miu a nha may
nuac
Mai

ham
lucfng
ion
amoni trong nuoc ngam
ciia
cac miu
Iran
bing dien
cue
nhay
khi
NH^
thuang
mai
do My che tao sau do so
sanh
vai kei qua
vira
thu
dupe a
tran.
b).
Xdc dinh
ion
amoni trong nUac ngdm hang dien
cue
nhay
khi
theo phuang phap {hem
tieu chuan

Cac
gia
tri the do
dupe linh bans
mV
lanl
lan2
lan
3
Trungbinh
E,
Lanl
Lan2
Lan
3
Trungbinh
E^
AE
Nongdo (ms/l)
Phap
Van
Truac
30.1
29.4
29.6
29.7
19.2
19.7
20.0
19.6

48.0
33.6
33.9
34.4
34.0
14.0
8.8
Yen Phu
Truac
58.3
57.8
58.5
58.2
35.4
35.2
34.8
35.1
23.1
4.4
Sau
60.6
60.5
59.8
60.3
35.9
35.1
35.4
35.4
24.9
3.8