HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
CHỦ ĐỀ 1 : TENSES
Thì Thể năng động Thể bị động
S V O
S be V
3
by O
1.
Simple
present
( Hiện
tại đơn)
Công thức Cách dùng Ví dụ
S + am / is / are + V
3
+ by O
Ex : He visits his grandfather
every week
 His grandfather is visited
(by him) every week
Khẳng định :
S + am / is / are
S
ít +
V
s /es
S
nhiều +
V
bare

- Dùng trong
mệnh đề thời gian
khi diễn tả một sự
việc tương lai
- My father drinks
coffee every
morning.
- Water boils at
100 degrees
Celsius
- The sun rises in
the East
- What time does
the film begin?
- The train leaves
London at 10:30
- When you see
him tomorrow,
remember me to
him
2.
Present
cont.
(Hiện
tại tiếp
diễn)
S + am/is/are + V
ing
- Dấu hiệu : now, at
the moment, at

thời gian tương lai
: next,
tomorrow….)
- I’m learning
English now
- The population
of the world is
rising very fast
- He’s always
borrowing money
from me
- I’m meeting
Tom at 10 o’clock
tomorrow
S + am/ is/ are + being + V
3 +
by O
Ex : My sister is making a cake
now.
 A cake is being made by
my sister now.
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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
3.
Present
perfect
(Hiện
tại hoàn
thành)

Present
perfect
cont.
(HTHT
tiếp
diễn)
S+ have/has+been +V
ing
( Các dấu hiệu giống
như Hiện tại hòan
thành)
- Nhấn mạnh tính
chất liên tục của
một hành động từ
lúc bắt đầu tới lúc
nói
- I have been
waiting here for 2
hours
S+ have/ has + been + being + V
3
Ex: He has been writing his
report for 2 hours
 His report has been being
written for 2 hours.
5.
Simple
past
(Quá
khứ

quá khứ đang diễn
ra thì một hành
động khác cắt
ngang
- Hai hành động
quá khứ cùng diễn
ra song song
- Một hành động
quá khứ diễn ra có
tính chất kéo dài
( có all, during…)
Ex: I was sleeping
at this time
yesterday
afternoon
Ex: When I woke
up, it was raining
heavily
Ex: While I was
washing clothes ,
my sister was
cooking dinner
Ex: It was raining
all night last night
S + was/ were + being + V
3
Ex : He was writing the report at
this time yesterday
 The report was being
written at this time

before sunset
S+ had been + V
3
Ex: I had finished my homework
before last Monday.
 My homework had been
finished before last
Monday.
8.
Simple
future
(Tương
lai đơn)
S + will/ shall + bare
Dấu hiệu : perhaps,
probably, soon,
tomorrow, next….
- Một dự đoán
tương lai
- Một hành động
tương lai được
quyết định ngay
trong lúc nói
Ex: I think It’ll
rain tomorrow
Ex: I’ll see you
next week
S + will/ shall + be + V
3
Ex : She will make the cake

trong tương lai
Ex: This time
tomorrow
afternoon , I’ll be
cleaning the floor
S + will be + being +V
3
11.
Future
perfect
(TL
hoàn
thành)
S + will have +V
3
Dấu hiệu : by + thời
gian trong tương lai
Một sự việc sẽ
xảy ra hay hoàn
tất tại một thời
điểm trong tương
lai
Ex : I’ll have
finished this
report by
tomorrow
S + will have been +V
3
Modals


Lưu ý : need to be V
3
= need + V
ing
Ex : You have to do your home work
 Your home work has to be
done.
You need to wash your clothes
 Your clothes need to be
washed
 Your clothes need washing
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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
Lưu ý : * sau When / after/ until/ as(soon as) … -> các thì tương lai lùi về các thì Hiện tại tương ứng
Ex : When you see him tomorrow, he will tell you everything
(simple future -> simple present)
* Khi gặp dạng câu tường thuật : lùi thì
Simple present -> simple past
Simple past -> past perfect
Past perfect -> past perfect
Ex : He said he had visited them last year
CHỦ ĐỀ 2 : CÁC DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG
S V O
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1.
HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
S be V
3/ed

by
Cỏch 2 : S
vt
be V
3
to/ for O
ngi
by ..
Lu ý : bring, send, show, give, lend -> to / buy -> for
Ex : Mary gave me a book
I was given a book by Mary
A book was given to me by Mary.

Active Passive
S
1
+ V
1
+ (that) + S
2
+ V
2

know
think
believe
report
say

* Cỏch 1 : It + be

(cuỷa V2)
[V
1
vaứ V
2
leọch baọc thỡ]
Ex :1/ They think that she is innocent.
-> It is thought that she is innocent.
-> She is thought to be innocent.
2/ They rumored he was living there.
-> It was rumored that he was living there.
-> He was rumored to be living there.
3/ They have known that he left England.
-> It has been known that he left England.
-> He has been known to have left England.
Cõu b ng vi Infinitive v gerund
* To inf -> To be V
3/ ed
* V-ing -> Being V
3/ ed
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Cú th b by + O nu gp : someboby,
someone, people, hoc cỏc i t nh me, you,
him, her
2.
3.
4.
HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
Ex : We dislike being cheated

B. STATEMENTS
Ex : “I saw her this morning”, he said
 He said that he had seen her that morning
Mary said to Bill, “ I don’t like living here”
 Mary told Bill she didn’t like living there
C. QUESTIONS
1. YES – NO QUESTION
Ex:“ Does your brother live in London, Nam?,she asked
-> She asked Nam if his brother lived in London
2. WH- QUESTION
Ex : The boy asked me, “ What time is it?”
-> The boy wanted to know what time it was
Lưu ý : Tùy theo ý nghĩa trong câu trực tiếp, chúng ta có thể chuyển sang cách nói gián tiếp bằng một số
cấu trúc sau
Nhóm đi với to-inf Nhóm đi với V-ing
Advise (khuyên)
Warn (cảnh báo)
Remind ( nhắc nhở)
Promise (hứa) + ( O ) + to -inf
Invite ( mời)
Encourage ( khuyến khích)
Ask (yêu cầu)
Agree ( đồng ý)
Accuse sb of + V-ing ( buộc tội)
Admit + V-ing ( phủ nhận)
Suggest + V-ing ( đề nghị)
Apologize for + V-ing ( xin lỗi)
Thank for + V-ing ( cảm ơn)
Blame sb for V-ing ( đổ thừa)
Congratulate sb on + V-ing ( chúc mừng)

-> John asked Peter to close the door
@ “Remember to lock the door ” my sister
said
-> My sister reminded me to lock the door
@ “Come and see me whenever you want”
-> She invited me to come and see her
whenever I wanted
Ex :
@ “I hear you passed the exam. Congratulations!” John said
to us
-> John congratulated us on passing our exams
@ “I’m sorry I’m late” Mary said
-> Mary apologized for being late
@ “You stole my watch” the man said
-> The man accused me of stealing his watch.
@ “I’ve lost your letter” he said
-> He admitted losing my letter
@ “ I didn’t break your window”
-> He denied breaking my window
BẢNG NGUN TẮC ĐỔI
1. Personal pronouns
Subject Object
Possessive Adj (
tính từ sở hữu)
Ngơi Lưu ý
I Me My 1
Đổi theo người
nói ( chủ từ)
We Us Our 1
You You Your 2

Ex: He told me :“If she knew the truth , she would be unhappy” -> He told me that if she knew the truth,she would be unhappy
* Trong ngoặc diễn tả 1 sự thật luôn đúng,khi mở ngoặc vẫn giữ nguyên thì
Ex: He said : “The earth revolves around the sun” -> He said that the earth revolves around the sun
* Nếu V dẫn ở thì simple present , present cont., present perfect , simple future khi mở ngoặc ta không thay đổi thì
Ex: The doctor says : “You have to stay in bed” -> The doctor says that I have to stay in bed

3. Adv of time,place
Now -> then yesterday-> the previous day / the day before
last week-> the week before tomorrow-> the day after / the following day/ the next day
next week-> the week after here -> there
today -> that day
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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
CHỦ ĐỀ 4 : RELATIVE CLAUSE
person + who + V
(whom) + S + V
Thing + which + V
(which)+ S + V
 Time + when ( lưu ý when = in/ on/ at which)
Ex : I still remember the day when we first met
(= on which)

 Place + where ( lưu ý where = in/ on/ at which)
Ex : This is the place where the plane crashed.
( = at which)

 The reason why
Ex : I don’t know the reason why he said goodbye.
( = for which)

HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
THAY THế MĐQH
- Nếu Verb ở MĐQH ở năng động -> bỏ who, whom, which, that và dùng hình thức V-ing
- Nếu Verb ở MĐQH ở bị động -> bỏ who, whom, which, that và dùng hình thức V
3/ed
- Nếu N trước MĐQH có the last, the second… so sánh nhất
* rút gọn MĐQH bằng to-inf ( nếu câu năng động)
* Rút gọn MĐQH bằng to be V
3/ ed
( nếu câu bị động)
Ex : 1. I live in a house which was built 30 years ago
 I live in a house built 30 years ago
2. The boy who is playing guitar is Ben
 The boy playing guitar is Ben
3. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith
 The first person to see is Mr. Smith
4. This is the second person who was killed in that way
 This is the second person to be killed in that way

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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
CHỦ ĐỂ 5A : CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1. Conditonal sentence type 1 : Diễn tả một điều kiện có thể thực hiện được hoặc có thể xảy ra.

Ex : Give me money, I’ll buy you some good books
 If you give me money, I will buy you some good books
2. Conditonal sentence type 2 : Diễn tả một điều kiện ngược thực tế trong hiện tại
Ex : He doesn’t get married. He feels lonely. ( Câu đề dùng thì hiện tại)

S + wish + (that) + S + would/ could + Bare -inf
S + wish + (that) + S + simple past tense ...
( to be phải chia là were ở tất cả các ngơi.)
S + wish + (that) + S + had +V
3

could have V
3
HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
Ex: I wish that I had washed the clothes yesterday.
She wishes that she could have been there.
Lưu ý:
* Cần phân biệt wish (ước gì) với wish mang nghĩa "chúc" trong mẫu câu “ wish sb sth”
Ex : I wish you a happy birthday.
* Và cần phân biệt với wish mang nghĩa "muốn": wish to do sth” (Muốn làm gì)
Hoặc “ wish sb to do sth” (Muốn ai làm gì)
Ex : Why do you wish to see the manager
I wish to make a complaint.
The government does not wish Dr.Jekyll Hyde to accept a professorship at a foreign university.
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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
CH Ủ ĐỀ 6 : COMPARISONS
Có 3 cấp độ so sánh: * Equal comparison (So sánh bằng)
* Comparative (So sánh hơn)
* Superlative (So sánh nhất)
I. EQUAL COMPARISION (SO SÁNH BẰNG)
S + V + as + Adj / adv + as + N/ pro.
* Có thể thay as đầu tiên bằng “so” trong câu phủ đònh

Department of English
more and more + adj / adv
Ex: You are younger and younger
My mother becomes more and more beautiful
III. SUPERLATIVES (SO SÁNH BẬC NHẤT)
the + short adj/adv +EST
the + most + long adj / adv
the least adj / adv (kém nhất)

Ex: I am the shortest of the three sisters
These shoes are the least expensive of all
Long is the tallest boy in the family
• Các quy tắc giống như trong so sánh hơn
• Các trường hợp ngoại lệ:
1/good / well better best
2/bad / badly worse worst
3/many / much more most
4/Little less least
5/far farther farthest (về khoảng cách)
further furthest (về thời gian, thông tin….)
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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
CHỦ ĐỀ 7 : ARTICLE (Mạo từ)
I. Indefinite Articles( Mạo từ bất định) : a/ an
- Dùng trước danh từ ( số ít) chưa xác định / mới đề cập lần đầu
* Dùng “an” trước ngun âm ( u, e, o, a, i) hoặc phụ âm “h” khơng đọc rõ
Ex : an hour, an honest person
* Dùng “a” trước danh từ/ tính từ bắt đầu bằng “u” đọc là /ju:/
Ex : a unit ( nhưng an unofficial strike)

- Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn.
Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the water…..
- Số thứ tự.
Ex: the first, the second, the third….
- Chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian.
Ex: the next, the following, the last...

2. THE không được dùng:
- Trước các danh từ số nhiều nói chung
Ex: They build houses near the hall.
- Danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm được.
Ex: Independence is a happy thing.
- Các danh từ chỉ màu sắc.
Ex: Red and white make pink.
- Các môn học.
Ex: Math is her worst subject.
- Các vật liệu, kim loại.
Ex: Steel is made from iron.
- Các tên nước, châu lục, thành phố.
Ex: Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam.
- Các chức danh, tên người.
Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga
- Các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn.
Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner
- Các trò chơi, thể thao.
Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN.
- Các loại bệnh tật.
Ex: Cold is a common disease.
- Ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói.
Ex: English is being used everywhere

+ V
(
S
1)
Together with
As well as
Ex : The manager , as well as his assistants , has arrived
5) THERE + BE + NOUN (subject)
Ex : There are two books here
6) Phân số / phần trăm -> V phải tùy thuộc vào danh từ nằm sau
Ex : 75%(three-quarters) of the land is wasted
Two-thirds of children like video game
7) A NUMBER OF + N nhiều + V nhiều
THE NUMBER OF + N nhiều + V ít
Ex: A number of students are lazy
The number of students is forty
8) THE + Adj -> V nhiều
Police , People -> V nhiều
Ex : The poor have many problems
9) Chủ ngữ là “thời gian ,tiền bạc, khoảng cách, trọng lượng ,giá trò đo lường” -> V ít
Ex : Five years is a long time
Ten dollars is too much to pay
10) Tên bệnh,trò chơi,môn học,tựa sách,báo,truyện,tên nước, tổ chức -> V ít.
@ Physics is a difficult subject
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HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
@ Mumps is a very an pleasant disease
Ex : Much progress has been made in the world of science
Where is your luggage?

Ex : Doctors advised us to give up smoking
To -inf = In order to –inf = So as to – inf : diễn tả mục đích
Ex : I study English in order to find a good job
I listen to music to relax
Để diễn tả mục đích ta có thể dung mẫu câu : S + V + so that + S + can/ could + V
Ex : I study English so that I can find a good job
* S + V + adj / adv + enough +( for sb) to do sth : đủ ….. để làm….
* S + V + too + adj./ adv + (for sb) to do sth : … quá…tới nỗi…( không làm được)
= S + V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + can/ could + V+ O
Ex: He is too tired to do any more work = He is so tired that he can’t do any more work.
The sea was warm enough for us to swim in.
He didn’t speak slowly enough for me to understand
(Chú ý : enough + noun + to- inf )
Ex : She has enough money to buy a car.
Noun / pronoun + to-inf
S + be + adj + to-inf
Ex : I have a lot of work to do
It is difficult to learn English
To- inf dùng sau the first/ the last/ the only + N
Ex : He was the first students to find the answer
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I.
II
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
Dùng to- inf sau WH- question word ( what, when/ where, how…..)

It’s worth + V-ing : đáng, xứng đáng …
have fun/ a good time / trouble / difficulty /a hard time /a difficult time + V-ing
Spend time / money + V-ing
get / be used to + V-ing
giới từ + V-ing
Verb followed by either the Infinitive or Gerund (change in meaning )
1. Stop + V-ing : ngừng việc đang làm; Stop to : ngừng để làm việc khác
2. regret / remember / forget + V-ing : (hành động đã xảy ra trước)
Ex : I remember visiting you last year.
regret / remember / forget + To-inf : ( hành động sẽ xảy ra sau)
Ex : Remember to close the doors before you go to work!
3. try + V-ing : thử ; try + to : cố gắng
Ex : I have tried drinking coffee without any sugar, but I think it’s awful
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II.
III.
I.
II.
VII
HCMC University of Education VB2 Preparation Course
Department of English
I tried to pass the exam.
4. Allow / advise / permit + O + to-inf
Allow / advise / permit + (without O) + V-ing
Ex : My father advised me to get up early.
Doctors advise giving up smoking
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CÂU TRẢ LỜI CÂU HỎI
a. Dạng : S+ be + …

3
?
Ex : When has he lived here?
-> Chữ để hỏi + did + S + V
nguyên mẫu
?
Ex : Where did they go to yesterday?
-> Chữ để hỏi + will / can / could + S + V
nguyên mẫu
?
Ex : When will you see him?