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3.1 Abbreviations
1. Abbreviations are an important and expanding feature of
contemporary English.
They are used for convenience, and familiarity with
abbreviations makes both academic reading and writing
easier. Three main types can be found:
a) shortened words – photo (photograph)
b) acronyms – UNESCO
c) others – NB
a) Shortened words are often used without the writer
being aware of the original form. Bus comes from omnibus,
which is never used in modern English, but refrigerator
is still better in written English than the informal fridge.
Public house is now very formal (pub is acceptable), but
television should be used instead of the idiomatic telly.
b) Acronyms are made up of the initial letters of a name
or phrase (Aids = acquired immune deficiency syndrome).
They are read as words. The more official acronyms are
written in capitals (NATO), but others use lower case
(nimby). NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organisation,
which is a real body, while nimby stands for not in my back
yard, which is



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