DANG LANH
DAO
CONG CUOC
D6I
MOI
CONG
TAG NGHIEN
CLFU
LY LUAN
•
CUA
DANG
TRONG
THai
KY
001
MOI
thanh taa
vo
kinh nghiem
GS,TS MACH QUANG
THANG*
L Mot so thanh
tun
co ban trong cong
tac ly luan
ciia
Dang
Khdng
dinh
sdc song

chdng cdng san Udn the gidi da
kich rdi. Cir qua mdi budc thir thach, chu
nghTa Mac - Lenin cang chimg td sire sdng
manh Hdt
ciia
minh. Lan nay, chu nghTa Mac
-
Ldnin bi da kich mdt each dir dan va cay
nghidt hon bdi chat "xuc tac" la
sir
khiing
hoang va sau dd la
sir
tan ra
ciia
Dang Cdng
san Lien Xd - mdt dang
eiia
V.I.Lenin, Dang
da lanh dao Cach mang xa hdi
chii
nghia
*
Hgc vien CT-HC quoc gia Hd Chi Minh
thang Mudi Nga vT dai thing lgi nam
1917,
thanh lap mdt nudc xa hdi
chii
nghTa diu tidn
trdn thd gidi; md ra thdi dai mdi trong Hch sir

ciia
ndn hoa binh thd gidi. Cimg vdi
sir
tan ra
eiia
Dang Cdng san Lidn Xd la
sir
tan ra
ciia
Lidn bang Cdng hoa xa hdi
chii
nghTa Xdvidt va
ciia
cac dang cdng san cam quydn va chd do xa
hdi chil nghia d
cac
nudc Ddng Au.
Trong tinh hinh ay,
chii
nghTa Mac - Ldnin
khdng nhiing bi eac the
luc
tu san da kich ma
nghidm Ugng hon la bi mdt sd phan tir vdn la
cdng
san,
phan bdi
chii
nghTa
cdng

sup
dd
cua md hinh khdng
phii
hgp
vd
chii
nghia
xa
hdi,
la kdt qua
ciia
dudng
Idi cai td
sai lam.
la
sir
tac ddng
tir
sir
phan bdi
ciia
mdt
sd nhan
\-at
lanh
dao
Uong dang cdng
san va
nha nudc

la
nd
ludn ludn duge
nap
them nang lugng
mdi
tir
cudc sdng.
nd
cang ngay cang phat
tridn, dugc bdi dap them sire sdng mdi.
Chinh
vi the.
Uong ltie khdng
it can bd.
dang vien
cd
nhiong bidu hidn hoang mang.
dao ddng. Dang da kip thdi khang dinh nhung
gia
tri bat
diet
cua
ehii
nghTa
Mac -
Lenin.
Hdi nghi
Ban
Chap hanh Trung uong Dang

nhan
da
nguydn ehinh
tri va da
dang
ddi lap;
khang dinh
vai ud
lanh
dao cua
Dang Cdng
san Viet Nam.
\ \
Dang ehto
y la,
sir
khang
dinh
dd da Ud
thanh chien lugc
lau dai cua
Dang
ta,
khdng phai
la
bidn phap giai quydt
tinh hudng
mac
dii
luc dd dit

Chi Minh
sang
lap,
lanh dao
va
ren luyen,
mdt
Dang da
kinh qua nhieu thir thach ngat ngheo
cua
cac
tinh thd, Uude
cac
khuc quanh
ciia
tmh
hinh
Uong nudc va thd gidi. Didu dae bidt
la
Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam chua bao gid phai Uai qua
tinh hudng
nhu
luc
dd;
tinh hudng phai nhin
lai CO
sd ly
luan each
mang

ly
eo ban cua chit nghia Mac
-
Ldnia
\'an
dtong sang
tao va
phat tridn nhirng
nguydn
ly dd vao
didu kien
cu the
ciia
dit
nudc.
Sir
nghidp
ddi mdi
eiia
Viet Nam Uong
gan
25 nam qua
dudi
sir
lanh
dao
ciia
Dang
Cdng
san da

hdi
va
con dudng
di
Idn chii
nghia xa
hdi
cua
Viet
Nam
Uong didu kidn
mdt
nudc
ndng nghiep lac hau
lai
phai chiu hau qua nang
ne
eiia
cac cudc chidn Uanh.
Dd la
nhirng
\'an
dd
ve xay
dtong
ndn
kinh
te thi
tmdng dinh
hudng

duy nhat (Dang Cdng san Viet Nam) ma dang
dd ddng
vai
Ud
cam
quydn
lanh
dao
he
thdng
chinh tri
va
toan
xa
hdi, dang
dd vin
bao dam
40
TAP CHi UCH
SIJOANG
-
SO
1/2010
DANG LANH DAO CONG CUOC
DOl
m\
va phat huy dan ehu trong toan xa hdi; xay
dung Nha nude phap quydn xa hdi
chii
nghTa

ly
luan;
ring,
chii
nghia Mac da tdn tai
tram nam nay rdi. Uong khi dd cudc song bidn
ddi rat nhanh chdng, vi the
ly
luan Mac -
Lenin da bj lac hau rdi, v.v. Thuc te cho chung
ta thay rd rang, thang lgi
ciia sir
nghidp ddi mdi
ciia
Viet Nam la to
Idn
va cd y nghia Hch sir
Uong gan 25 nam vira qua bat ngudn Ur vide
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da kidn tri
chii
nghia
Mac - Ldnin, van dung sang tao va phat tridn
chil nghia Mac - Ldnin Uong didu kidn mdi.
Neu cao tu
tucmg
Ho Chi
Minh.
Tu tudng
Hd Chi Minh la
sir

Ur tudng Hd Chi Minh da trd thanh tai san
tinh than rat quy bau
ciia
Dang va dan tdc ta.
Tu Urdng Hd Chi Minh da soi dudng. chi ldi
cho Dang va dan tdc Viet Nam tien len gianh
tir thang Igi nay den thang lgi khac.
Trong tinh hinh
mdi.
Dang Cdng san Viet
Nam, bat dau Ur Dai hdi dai bieu toan qudc
lan thir VII (nam
1991),
da ndu cao tu Urdng
Hd Chi Minh, coi
Ur
Urdng Hd Chi Minh cimg
vdi chil nghTa Mac - Ldnm lam thanh nen
tang
Ur
tudng va kim chi nam cho hanh ddng
each mang. Dang Cdng san Viet Nam da thiy
rd tu Urdng Hd
Chi
Minh da chi ra cho each
mang Viet Nam nhiong van dd rat co ban;
- Con dudng giai phdng dan tdc theo
chii
nghTa Mac - Ldnm, theo con dudng
each

sir
bdn
-vimg ciia
ddc lap dan tdc.
- Nhiing quan didm vd xay dung
lire
lugng
each mang, dd la dai doan kdt toan dan
tdc.
TAP
CHi
LICH
SU"
DANG - S6 1/2010
41
OANG LANH
DAO
CONG CUOC DOl
m\
kdt
hgp
sire manh
ciia
dan tdc vdi
sire manh
thdi dai.
- Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh chira dung nhirng
quan diem vd
chii
nghTa nhan van macxit, dau

Chinh
vi ndu cao tu
tudng
Hd Chi
Minh
Uong nhiing nam ddi mdi. cho ndn dan tdc Viet
Nam khdng nhimg da dimg vting tmdc cac thir
thach ngat ngheo. ma con phat tridn nhanh Udn
con dudng di tdi muc tidu dan giau nudc manh.
xa
hdi
cdng
bang,
dan
chiu
van
minh. Ciing
chinh nhu
thd.
ur tuong Hd
Chi
Minh. cimg vdi
chil nghTa
Mac -
Lenin,
Ud
thanh nhan
td
ly
luan chinh tri co ban hudng din hanh ddng cho

tudng
Hd
Chi Minh. bidt gan vdi ngudn
ly
luan
quy bau
dd hudng
cho dan tdc
phat tridn.
Cd thd ndi
rang,
vdi
vide ndu cao
tu
tudng Hd Chi Minh.
ca
xa
hdi Viet Nam.
dii
nhdm cdng ddng nao.
tir trong Dang, ngoai
Dang,
ngudi Vidt Nam
d
trong nudc hoac dang sinh sdng
d
nude ngoai,
da quy
Ui.
doan kdt dudi nggn cd dai nghia Hd

khdng dugc phep
ddi lap,
giiia
tu
tudng
Hd
Chi Minh vdi
chii
nghTa Mac
-
Ldnin. Mdt sd
ngudi
cd
quan didm khdng dung rang,
d
Viet
Nam,
ehi cin ndu
Ur tudng
Hd Chi
Minh
la
dil.
khdng
can neu
chii
nghTa
Mac -
Lenin.
Danh ring, Uong

Ldnin
vi
chii
nghTa
Mac -
Ldnin
la mdt he
thdng
ly
luan bao quat hon. Neu
phii
nhan
chii
nghia Mac
-
Lenin thi eiing
Uic
la
phii
nhan ca
CO
sd ly
luan ciia
tu
tudng
Hd
Chi Minh. Mdt
td hgp dung dan, hoan chinh nhat cho
ly luan
each mang

mdt
dieu
dang
ndi hon ca la
trong thdi
ky ddi
mdi.
Dang
ta
tiep hoc chit Ugng
td
chirc nghien
ciiu
ly
luan
chinh tri.
Tir
sau Dai
hdi dai
bidu toan
qudc Ian thti VIII. Tmng uong Dang
da
lap
ra
Hdi ddng
Ly
luan
Tmng uong
vdi
nhidm

1/2010
DANG
LANH DAO CONG CUOC
D6I
m\
dac bidt la Hgc vidn Chinh tri - Hanh chinh
qudc gia Ho Chi Minh va Vidn Khoa hgc Xa
hdi Viet Nam, dugc kidn toan
lai
va diy manh
hon cdng tac nghien cim. Trong nhung nam
ddi mdi, thuc td bidn ddi mdt
each
mau
le;
do
dd cd ngudi cho ring, ly
luan ciia
chimg ta da
khdng theo kip, ly luan da bi lac hau. Nhan
dinh nay khdng sai. Trong tinh hinh trong
nudc va thd gidi bidn ddng nhanh chdng nhu
vay ma
ly
luan khdng bi
lae
hau so vdi thuc td
thi dd mdi
la
didu la. Nhan dinh

dd tai khoa hgc
ly
luan. Dd
la eae chuong trinh khoa hge cap nha nudc,
Uong dd dac bidt
la
Chuong trinh khoa hgc cap
nha nudc giai doan
1991
- 1995 "Nghidn cim
Hd Chi Minh", ma sd KX.02 (do Vidn Nghidn
cuu chil nghia Mac - Ldnin va
Ur
Urdng Hd Chi
Minh chil tri) va Chuong trinh nghidn cim
nhirng vin dd ly luan chinh tri giai doan 2006 -
2010,
ma sd
KX.04/06-10
(do Hdi ddng Ly luan
Trung uong
chii
tri).
Dd
la
Thdng bao Ket luan
sd
lOl-TBAFW
ngay 26-3-2003 cua Bd Chinh
tri Trung uong Dang Khda IX,

cue
vao
vide
lam luan cir khoa hgc-thuc tidn
cho qua trinh hoach dinh dudng Idi
ciia
Dang,
chinh sach, phap luat
ciia
Nha nudc. Dac biet,
Uong thdi gian tidn tdi Dai hdi dai bidu toan
qudc lan thir XI
ciia
Dang (diu thang
1
-2011),
cdng tac nghidn cim ly luan da va dang dugc
trien khai va ddng gdp mdt loat van dd vd bd
sung, phat tridn Cuong
linh
xdy
dimg
ddt
nudc
trong thdi ky qud do lin chu nghia xd hdi
(Cuong ITnh
1991);
Chien lugc phat tridn kinh
td-xa hdi
2011

-
S(!)
1/2010
43
OANG
LANH DAO
CONG
cuOc D6I MOI
each khac, neu khdng cd su nghidn cim, khao
sat thuc td, tdng kdt thuc tien dd thi
klidng
thd
cd nhimg kdt luan mdi trong cac van kien
eiia
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam trong nhung nam
ddi mdi, vi nhimg van dd dd khd cd thd tim
thay Ur
sir
chi din cu thd Uong
chii
nghia Mac
- Lenin va tu tudng Hd Chi Minh.
- Ddi ngii can bd nghidn cim ly luan da
dugc Dang ta
chii
y xay dung dd trd thanh
mdt ddi ngii ngay cang dugc nang eao vd mat
tri thirc va tu duy sang tao, cd pham chat dao
dire tdt. Cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng can bd
ly

ciia ly
luan
dang cdn bj ban chd. Tinh hinh dd dat ra
cho Dang ta phai td chirc nghidn cim sau sac
hon chil nghTa Mac - Ldnin, tu tudng Hd Chi
Minh, cd nhu thd mdi thuc day nhanh hon, tdt
hon
sir
nghidp ddi mdi dat nudc vi muc tidu
cua chil nghTa xa hdi.
2.
Mot so kinh nghiem chii yeu
Tir nhiing kdt qua
ciia
gan 25 nam ddi mdi
Uong
ITnh
vuc nghidn cim ly
luan
cua Dang,
ed thd
riit
ra mdt sd kinh nghidm sau day;
Kien ti-l chu nghia Mdc -
Lenin,
tu tudng
Hd Chi Minh nhimg khdng gido diiu md cdn
vdn
dung sdng tgo vd phdt trien trong diiu
kien mdi

ciia
he thdng xa hdi
ehii
nghTa,
sir
tan ra
ciia
Dang Cdng san Lidn Xd va mdt sd dang cdng
san cam quydn trong nhirng nam cudi thd ky
XX cd nguydn nhan sau xa tir
sir
giao didu
ciia
cac dang dd. Thanh cdng
ciia
Dang Cdng
san Viet Nam trong nhung nam ddi mdi cd
nguyen nhan la khdng giao didu Uong
vide
van dung sang tao va phat tridn ehu nghTa
Mac - Ldnin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh. Nhung
trong van dung sang tao va phat tridn
chii
nghTa Mac - Ldnin, Ur Urdng Hd Chi Minh
nhu thd nao dd ma di den
phii
nhan nhung
nguyen ly co ban, nhung gia tri dung dan cua
ly
luan

dudng phia tmdc cua cdng tac nghidn cim
ly
luan
ciia
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam vin cdn
nhung khd khan dd ma Dang cin lanh dao
vugt qua.
Chu trgng dgc biet nghiin cdu, khdo sdt
thuc ti, tdng kit thuc tiin di
due riit
nhung
vdn
di ly ludn
Thuc td gan 25 nam qua da dat ra rit
nhieu van de can cd Idi giai dap tir Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam. Cung cd thd tim thiy Idi
giai dap trong kho tang ly
luan
Mac - Lenin.
Ur tudng Hd Chi Minh. Nhung, thuc ra
nhiing van dd
ly
luan trong kho tang dd
chii
ydu la nhiing van dd cd tinh chat phuong
phap luan. Chinh ban than cac vj sang
lap
chil nghTa cdng san khoa hgc ciing khdng it
lan dan
lai

ciiu,
khao sat, tdng kdt thue tidn da
giup Dang ta giai quydt dugc nhidu van dd cd
tinh chit
ly
luan ve xay dung Dang cam
quydn trong didu kidn mdi dd giu vimg ban
chat
ciia
Dang, vira lam cho Dang thich hgp
vdi kinh td thi tmdng dinh hudng xa hdi
chii
nghTa,
phii
hgp vdi toan cau hoa, hdi nhap
qudc td; vd phat tridn ndn kinh te; vd giai
quydt mdi quan he giiia ddi mdi kinh td vdi
ddi mdi vd chinh tri; vd tang tmdng kinh td
gan
lien
vdi giai quydt tdt nhung van dd an
sinh xa hdi; vd phat tridn kinh td-xa hdi vdi
bao dam an
ninh-qude
phdng; va ndi chung la
vd phat trien ben viing; vd xac dinh phat tridn
kinh td la nhidm vu tmng tam, xay dung Dang
la nhidm
via
then chdt, v.v.

trgng
xdy dung
ddi ngii cdn
bd nghiin
cim ly
ludn
Sir
nghidn ciru gan vdi tu duy
ciia
bd dc
con ngudi. Con ngudi
la sir
tdng hoa
ciia
tat
ca yeu td dd thuc day su phat tridn
ciia tir
nhidn va xa hdi. Ly luan Mac - Lenin, tu
tudng Hd Chi Minh chinh
la
ly luan vd giai
phdng con ngudi khdi mgi
sir
ap chd
ciia
Ur
nhidn va ap birc
ciia
xa hdi, de giai phdng Ur
duy, dd con ngudi phat trien toan didn, con

ddng khoa
hgc
ly
luan
la lao
ddng sang
tao.
Tu do
la
sir
nhan thirc
va
hanh ddng theo
cai
tat
yeu. Su tu do dd
gan/di lien
vdi
trach
nhidm cdng
dan. la
ldng
>-eu
nude,
y
thirc
xay dung.
Van dd tu do tu
tudng
van cdn

vien
lam
kinh
td tu
nhan; thuc
thi ndn
kinh
td
thi
trudng dinh hudng
xa hdi
chii
nghTa;
xay dung nha nudc phap quydn. \'.v.
Cd
giai
phdng
tu
tudng
cho
nhimg ngudi nghidn
cim
ly
luan
thi mdi
tang dugc chat lugng
phan bien
xa hdi.
didu
nay dac

ra d
cac
dia
phuong.
do
vay
vai trd
phdi
hgp cua
cac dia phuong
la rat
quan trgng.
Sir
phdi
hgp
nay
lam
sao
dd cd
mdt "hidn tmdng" thuc
ma
trdn
dd
sir
that phoi
bay ra
cho ngudi nghien
cim. tranh dugc
su che
giau.

nghidn cim khoa hgc
d
day,
ngoai
mdi
tmdng. ngoai
eo
chd.
cdn cd
"com
ao
gao
tien". Dimg
mac cam vdi
didu
nay.
Dang da cham lo. nhung can cham lo hon niia.
- Chil trgng kidn toan, sap xdp
td
chirc
cac
CO
quan nghidn
cim ly
luan.
dae
bidt
la Hdi
ddng
Ly

nudc.
cho
vide hoach dinh quan
didm. dudng
Idi
ciia
Dang,
chinh sach. phap
luat
cua Nha
nude. Trong
dd,
ehii
trgng
dac
bidt
den eae don vi
true tidp nghien
cim chu
nghTa
Mac -
Ldnin.
tu
tudng
Hd Chi
Minh,
td chirc
cac don
xi
nay

thuc
td.
nhiing tinh
tuy ket thanh
ly
luan.
Ly
luan
dd la ly
luan soi
dudng
cho
phat trien
cua
Viet
Nam
Udn con
dudng xa hdi
ehii
nghia.
I. Xin xem Dang Cong san Viet
Nam:
Bdo cdo
long ket mgt so vdn de ly ludn-thitc den qua 20 nam
doi mdi f
1986-2006).
CTQG.
H,
2005.
46