ôn tập tiếng anh 9
A- THEORY
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
1-Form
a. Affirmative:
I, you, we, they + have + PP / He, she, it + has +PP
Note: PP = past participle (quỏ kh phõn t) ( =V-ed: V cú quy tc, =V3: V bt quy tc)
b. Negative:
I, you, we, the + have not (havent) + PP / He, she, it + has not ( hasnt) + PP
c. Interrogative:
Have + I, you, we, they + P.P ? / Has + he, she, it + P.P ?
2-Use
a. Mt hnh ng bt u trong quỏ kh nhng cũn tip tc n hin ti hoc tng lai.
Thng i vi : since (t khi); for (c bao lõu).
Ex1: She has lived here since 1987
Ex2: They have swum for 1 hour
b. Mt hnh ng xy ra trong quỏ kh, khụng xỏc nh rừ thi gian.
Thng i vi: already, ever ( before), never (before), not, yet, several times, many times
Ex1: Shes been to Japan several times.
Ex2: I have never worked in that company before.
c. Mt hnh ng va mi xy ra.
Thng i vi : lately, just, recently, in recent weeks/ months / years
Ex1: My uncle has just come back form Americ
Ex2: They have done the assignment in recent weeks.
THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
1-Form
a. Affirmative
S + V-ed/ V2 (V cú quy tc: V+ ed;V bt quy tc; ly ct th 2 trong bng ng t bt quy tc)
b. Negative
S + did not (didnt) + bare-infinitive
c. Interrogative.

(S + am/is/are/ +PP )
b.The present continous.
Mr.Baker is repairing the car
Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker. ( S + am/ is/ are + being + PP )
c.The present perfect
Someone has stolen the bicycles ( S+ has/have + P.P )
Passive: The bicycles have been stolen ( S+ has/have + been + PP )
d.The simple past
Where did they find the drugs ? ( S + V2/ V-ed)
Passive: where were the drugs found ? ( S+ was/ were + PP )
e.The past continuous
They were preparing luch when I came there yesterday (S+was/were + V-ing )
Passive: Luch was being prepared when I came there yesterday.( S+ was/ were + being + PP )
f. The past perfect
She had written almost ten pages by 3:00 pm. ( S+ had + PP )
Passive: Almost ten pages had been written by 3:00 p.m (S+ had been + PP )
g. Will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might must, have to, be going to, used to,
Active: S+ will/would, shall/ should + bare-infinitive + object
Passive: S + will/would, shall/shoul + be + past participle (+ by object).
Ex: Police will destroy these drugs.
Passive: the drugs will be destroyed by police.
2-Special cases
a. Active: s1+ verb1( say/believe/think ) (that) +S2+verb2
Passive:
Cách 1: It + be + PP (verb1) + s2 + verb2
Cách 2: S2+ be+ PP (verb1) + to- infinitive (verb2)
Ex: People say that he is crazy.
Passive:
It said that he is crazy
He is said to be crazy.

Nó bắt đầu bằng:
a. relative pronouns (đại từ quan hệ) : WHO, WHOM, WHICH, WHOSE, THAT.
b relative adverbs (trạng từ liên hệ) : WHERE, WHEN, WHY.
Ex1: A man who dares to do it dares to do anything.
Ex2: We talked to the man who was from Beijing.
1-WHO
* Thay cho danh từ, đại từ chỉ người, có chức năng của một chủ từ/ tân ngữ.
Ex1: The man has met your boss.He come from Italy.
subject
→ The man who comes from Italy has met your boss
relative clause
Ex2: We have met the girl. She studies in the shool.
→ We have met the girl who studies in the school.
relative clause
2-WHOM
* Thay cho danh từ/ đại từ chỉ người, có chức năng của một tân ngữ.
Ex1: We like the man. You talked to him yesterday.
object
We like the man whom you talked to yesterday
relative clause
Ex2: Is that the man ?. You have been waiting for him.
object
Is that the man whom you have been waiting for ?
relative clause
3-WHOSE
* Thay thế cho sở hữu cách (possessive cases)
* Xuất hiện trong hai cấu trúc.
- noun/ pronoun + whose + noun + verb
- noun/ pronoun whose + noun + subject + verb
Ex1: The girl looks disappoited. Her examination result its so bad.

Notes : - Ta có thể sử dụng mệnh lệnh ở mệnh đề chính. Ex: If you drink, don’t drive
- Ta có thể sử dụng “should” ở mệnh đề điều kiện để tỏ ý nghi ngờ.
Ex: If he should call, tell him I will ring back.
- Dạng rút gọn ở mệnh đề điều kiện (if possible, if necessary, if so )
Ex: If necessary, I will help you.
-Ta có thể sử dụng dạng mệnh lệnh để thay cho mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện.
Trong trường hợp này, giữa hai mệnh đề thường có các liên từ như sau: and, or, else, otherwise.
2-Điều kiện không xảy ra ở hiện tại (ĐK II) (present unreal condition )
Main clause: would/could/might + bare-infinitive, If clause: simple past
Ex1: If she had wings, she would fly to an island
Ex2: He would build more houses if he were a king.
Note: - ‘If I were you/I were in your position ’được sử dụng để khuyên nhủ.
Ex: If I were you, I would accept the invitation ( = You should accept the invitation ).
GERUND
The gerund is used as a subject, a complement, an object of a verb or an object of a preposition
(danh động từ được sử dụng như một chủ ngữ, bổ túc từ, túc từ của một động từ, hay túc từ của một giới từ)
Ex1: Seeing is believing ( S= gerund)
Ex2: Her hobby is listening to music ( complement = gerund)
Ex3: They have finished doing exercises ( object = gerund)
Ex4: We are font of playing football (Object of an preposition = gerund)
Note: Danh động từ theo sau các động từ như:
to enjoy, to mind, to avoid, to finish, to practise, to suggest, to postpone, to delay, to imagine, can’t help/stand
Lưu ý cách sử dụng của các động từ :
• Forget + to-infinitive : quên (sẽ/ phải) làm gì
Forget + ing : quên đã làm việc gì.
Ex1: She forgets being taken to the zoo by her father when she was six
Ex2: Don’t forget to shut the door before leaving.
• Remember + to-infinitive : nhớ ( sẽ/ phải) làm gì;
Remember + V-ing : nhớ đã làm gì
Ex1: They always remember going to cinema together.

ordinating conjuctions) FOR chỉ lý do.
* Liên từ kết hợp là liên từ nối hai mệnh đề độc lập (independent clauses) và không dùng ở đầu câu.
Ví dụ: - I phoned her, for I wanted to tell her about her exam.
Tôi gọi điện cho cô ấy vì tôi muốn nói với cô ấy về kỳ thi của cô ấy.
+ Mệnh đề chỉ lý do còn có thể đổi ra cụm từ chỉ lý do ( phrases of reason) với because of hoặc due to.
Ví dụ: - Because the weather was cold, we stayed home.
→ Because of the cold weather, we stayed home.
→ Due to the cold weather, we stayed home.
Vì thời tiết lạnh, chúng tôi ở nhà.
Because và Because of
Because và Because of đều có nghĩa là bởi vì nhưng chúng được dùng với cẩu trúc khác nhau.
a ) Because là một liên từ (Conjunction), theo sau nó là một mệnh đề (Clause).
Ví dụ: - Because the traffic was heavy, we were late for the meeting.
S V
Vì xe cộ đông đúc, chúng tôi đến buổi họp trễ.
b) Because of là nhóm giới từ ( Prepositional phrase), theo sau nó là một cụm danh từ ( noun phrase)
Ví dụ: - Because of the heavy traffic, we were late for the meeting.
B-PRACTICE
Conditional Sentences (VIẾT LẠI CÂU)
1. You got into so much trouble because you didn’t listen to me.
→ If_____________________________________________________________________
2. There are so many bugs in the room because there isn’t a screen on the window.
→ If_____________________________________________________________________
3. He is busy right now. So, he can’t help them.
→ If_____________________________________________________________________
4. I can’t make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking.
→ If_____________________________________________________________________
5. I’m not you, so I can’t tell him the truth.
→ If I____________________________________________________________________
6. She came, so he wasn’t disappointed.

21. If I ……….a lot of money now, I ………… a new car.
a. have /will buy b. have / would buy
c. had/ will buy d. had/ would buy.
22. If I ……………you, I …………….do that.
a. am/ will b. were /would
c. were/ will d. had been/ would.
23. If I were offered the job, I think I ………. it.
a. take b. will take
c. would take d. would have taken.
24. I would be very surprised if he……………
a. refuses b. refused
c. had refused d. would refuse.
25. Many people would be out of work if that factory……… down.
a. closes b. had closed
c. closed d. would close.
26. 6. If she sold her car, she ………… much money.
a. gets b. would get
c. will get d. would have got.
27. They would be disappointed if we…………….
a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come
c. don’t come d. didn’t come.
28. Would John be angry if I ……. ……his bicycle without asking?
a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take.
29. She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.
a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been.
30. If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.
a. would walk b. walks c. had walked d. walked.
31. What would happen if you …………… to work tomorrow?
a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. won’t go d. wouldn’t go.
32. We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.

a. will make b. had made c. made. d. would make.
48. If I ………… you , I’d save some of your lottery winning.
a. be b. were c. am d. was
49. If the car ……… larger, we would have bought it.
a. had been b. have been c. has been d. been
50. If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English.
a. will go b. should go c. would go d. should have go to
51. If it …… convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight.
a. be b. was c. were d. is
52. If you ……. time, please write to me.
a. have b. have had c. hadd. has
53. If you had the chance, ………… you go finishing?
a. did b. would c. may d. do
54. Trees won’t grow ……… there is enough water.
a. if b. when c. unless d. as
55. If you ………. to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now.
a. listen b. had listened c. will listen d. listened
56. I wish I …… you some money for your rent, but I’m broke myself.
a. can lend b. could lend c. would lend d. will lend
57. If someone ……… into the store, smile and say, “ May I help you?”
a. comes b. came c. would come d. could lend
58. If you stay up late the previous night, you ………. sleepy the next morning.
a. feel b. to feel c. feels d. will feel
59. If Peter ……, Sarah will be sad because she wants to meet him very much
a. comes b. do not come c. does not come d. will come
60. If his teeth still …… , he will have to go to the dentist’s again.
a. hurt b. hurts c. to hurt c. will hurt
61. If you…………Tom , tell him I have a message for him.
a. will meet b. would meet c. meet d. met
62. If you …………too hot during the night , turn down the central heating.

77. If I had to the party last night, I …………her.
a. will have met. b. would meet c. would have met d. will meet.
78. Unless the pupils pay attention, the teacher …………….be angry.
a. would b. may c. will d. might.
79. Please do not go out if it……………….
a. rain b. rains c. rained d. raining.
80. If you …………me with this exercise, I will do the same for you one day.
a. helped b. would help c. help d. will help.
81. If you listen to music, you can’t ……………your study.
a. concentrate on b. interested in c. care about d. read about.
82. ……………you study harder, you won’t pass the final exam.
a. unless b. if c. if not d. without.
83. If the weather………….fine, we will go on a picnic.
a. is b. were c. would be d. will be.
84. If he………………….harder, the results will be better.
a. worked b. works c. has worked d. will work.
85. If Americans ate fewer foods with sugar and salt, their general health better
a. be b. will be c. is d. would be.
86. If she hadn’t overslept, she ……… late for the interview.
a. wouldn’t be b. wouldn’t have been c. hadn’t been d. would have been
87. I’d have told you if I ………… the book.
a. had seen b. would have seen c. saw d. see.
88. If we had known your new address, we………… to see you.
a. came b. would have come c. would come d. will come.
89. If I found a wallet in the street, I ………….take it to police.
a. will b. should c. would d. shall
90. I ………….that coat if I were you.
a. wouldn’t buy b. didn’t buy c. don’t buy d. won’t buy.
Passive and Active voice
91. A group of students have met their friend at the railway station.

122.She is running her own company.
123.Visitors must leave umbrellas and raincoats in the cloakroom.
124.My mother used to make us clean the house.
RELATIVE CLAUSE
COMBINE THESE SENTENCES BY USING RELATIVE PRONOUN
1. Chinese people have a very special kind of soup. This kind of soup is made from shark’s fin.
2. A lot of fish died everyday. They live in the polluted sea.
3. We have a new teacher. I really like her.
4. Many people get sick or die every year. These people eat puffer fish, a very poisonous species.
5. She ‘ll tell you the story. That story will surprise you.
6. The Nile is the home of a great variety of fish. The Nile is in Egypt.
7. Yesterday, I visited Tri Nguyen aquarium. It has various species of fish.
8. The movie Harry Potter is coming soon. I’m longing to see it.
9. Then he was caught in the mouth of a while shark.It is one of the most dangerous sea creatures.
10. The most beautiful park is opposite my house. It has a lot of big trees.
11. The girl was injured in the accident . She is now in hospital.
12. A man anwered the phone. He told me you were away.
13. A waitress served us. She was very impolite and impatient.
14. A building was destroyed in the fire. It has now been rebuilt.
15. Some people were arrested . They have now been released.
16. . A bus goes to the airport. It runs every half an hour.
17. Petr is studying French and German. He has been abroad.
18. You’ve all met Michael Wood. He is visiting us for a couple of days.
19. We are moving to Manchester.Manchester is the north west.
20. I’ll stay with Adrian. His brother is one of my closet friends.
21. John Bridge is one of my oldest friends. He has just gone to live in Canada.
22. The Earth is a planet. It can support life.
23. The book is about the girl. She runs away from home.
24. A dictionary is a book. It gives you the meaning of words.
25. The man was very kind. I talk to him yesterday.

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