MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
AND TRAINING
HO CHI MINH NATIONAL
ACADEMY OF POLITICS
AND PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
NGUYEN THANH HAI
ACCOMPLISHMENT OF LARGE-SCALED INSPECTION BY THE
GOVERNMENT INSPECTORATE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
SOCIAL POLICIES Major: Public administration management
Code: 62 34 82 01

SUMMARY OF DOCTORIAL (PhD) THESIS The thesis is defended before the Thesis Assessment Council,
National Academy of Public Administration
Location: PhD thesis defence room - floor National
Academy of Public Administration Building
No: 77 - Nguyen Chi Thanh Street - Dong Da District - Hanoi
Time: at hour month 2013

May find the thesis at the National Library of Vietnam
or library of the National Academy of Public Administration
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FOREWORD

1. Rationales
Inspection organization is established, developed and
accomplished together with the formation and development of the
State, serves as a vital function of the State management agency that
exercises democracy and jurisdiction. With its function and task, the
inspection keeps being renovated, developed and further completed
both in theory and in practice. The inspection in general and the large-
scaled inspection in particular are aimed at inspecting the compliance
with the policies, laws, tasks and plans entrusted by the State to the
State management agencies all over the country. It makes positive

social policies. On that basis, establishing the large-scaled inspection
process by the Government Inspectorate in the implementation of
social policies in Vietnam.
3. Object and scope of research
3.1. Object of research
Inspection and the large-scaled inspection by the Government
Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies.
3.2. Scope of research
The actuality of the large-scaled inspection by the Government
Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies in Vietnam from
2002 to 2012. On that basis, putting forth groups of solutions to
accomplishing the large-scaled inspection by the Government
Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies in Vietnam.
4. Method of research
Based on the methodology by the dialectical materialism and
historical materialism, based on the Marxist-Leninist viewpoints, Ho
Chi Minh ideology and objective of the Communist Party of Vietnam,
the State of Vietnam, regulations of the Constitution and the laws on
the implementation of social policies, the theme uses many specific
research methods:
a. Method of analysis and summarization
b. Method of mathematical statistics
c. Method of collecting specialist suggestions
d. Method of questionnaire
5. Contribution by the thesis
5.1. Theory
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- Supplementing and systematizing theory on the inspection and
the large-scaled inspection by the Government Inspectorate in the

the Government Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies.
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- Chapter 2: Existing condition of the large-scaled inspection by
the Government Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies
- Chapter 3: Solution to accomplishing the large-scaled
inspection by the Government Inspectorate in the implementation of
social policies.

OVERVIEW ON THE RESEARCH AND ISSUES RELATED
TO THE THESIS THEME
I. Previous researches related to the theme
1. Domestic researches
First direction: Researching the formation, development and
tradition of the Inspection sector.
Second direction: Researching the theoretical basis, practical
basis and solutions to enhancing inspection efficiency.
Third direction: Researching the theoretical basis, practical
basis and solutions to enhancing the efficiency of solving complaints
and accusations.
Forth direction: Researching the theoretical basis, practical basis
and solutions to enhancing the efficiency of corruption prevention.
2. Foreign researches
First direction, focusing on researching the administrative
inspection and supervision.
Second direction, focusing on researching the supervision and
inspection of administrative obligations from the Central government
to the local government and researching to enhance the efficiency of
the activities of the State-empowered organizations.
Third direction, the authors pay attention to researching the

management. Therefore, under the current Inspection Law, “State
inspection is to consider, evaluate and handle under the statutory
sequence and procedure stipulated by the competent State authority
on the implementation of policies, laws, tasks and rights of the
agencies, organizations and individuals. State inspection includes
administrative inspection and specialized inspection”.
As such, it can be understood that: Inspection is a type of
activity, a function of the State management, conducted by the
competent management entity, on behalf of the State power in order to
influence the object of management. Based on considering and
evaluating advantages and disadvantages, bringing into full play the
positive factor, preventing and handling violations. Contributing to
accomplishing the management mechanism, enhancing the socialist
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legal system, protecting the State interest, legal rights and interests of
the agencies, organizations and citizens.
1.1.1.2. Large-scaled inspection
“Large-scaled inspection is the form of direct inspection by the
State inspection organizations on a large scale under the guidance by the
competent State management levels in order to clarify advantages and
disadvantages in management, operate, observe socioeconomic issues for
the State macro management (object of adjustment and scope of
adjustment of decision, inspection directive and impact of conclusion and
recommendation after inspection on a large scale, macro management
significance)” [58, 475].
1.1.1.3. Differentiation of large-scaled inspection and small-
scaled inspection; large-scaled inspection by the Government
Inspectorate and major inspection by the Ministry, sector
1.1.2. Social policies

Large-scaled inspection over social policies is of great
importance in preventing, detecting and handling illegal acts in
general and in implementing social policies in particular.
1.2.3. The relationship between large-scaled inspection and
social policies
Under the administration management cycle, inspection is a
vital step in order to consider, evaluate and handle the implementation
of policies, laws and tasks by the agencies, organizations and
individuals within management competence.
Large-scaled inspection is a form of inspection and serves as
the controlling tool with the State power for the policy
implementation.
1.3. Comparison of organizational structure and
inspection of Vietnam and those of some countries in the world
1.3.1. Organizational structure and inspection of some
countries in the world
1.3.1.1. Parliament Inspectorate
It is the common model in Nordic countries, South America
countries and some other countries. Sweden and Denmark are the
countries that established such organization the earliest in the early
20
th
century. Parliament Inspectorate is the agency of the Parliament
that exercises supreme supervision of the power agency on the
activities of executive and judicial agencies. It operates in the
principle of independence and complies only with the laws. Agencies,
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organizations and individuals must not interfere with the activity of
the Parliament Inspectorate.

effectively, avoid restrictions and shortcomings, the State
management on social affairs or in the implementation of social
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policies, the State is necessarily required to use effective inspection
and supervision tools with the State power, i.e. inspection activity at
macro level and large-scale inspection activity is of great necessity.
Through analyzing and comparing the organizational model
and the inspection activity of Vietnam and those of some countries in
the world, we can see that the large-scaled inspectorate model of
Vietnam has basic difference compared with some countries in the
world in the subject of inspection and way of inspection.

Chapter 2.
EXISTING CONDITION OF LARGE-SCALED INSPECTION
BY THE GOVERNMENT INSPECTORATE IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL POLICIES
2.1. Administrative institution on the large-scaled
inspection by the Government Inspectorate in the implementation
of social policies
The document stipulates the inspection organization and
activity: Inspection Law No. 56/2010/QH12 passed on 15/11/2010
including 07 chapters, 78 articles stipulates the specific functions,
tasks and organizational structure of the Government Inspectorate,
Inspectorate of the Ministries, sectors and locality, creating legal basis
for the inspection organization and activity at various levels for
implementation.
The instructive guidance document: Decree No. 86/2011/ND-
CP dated 23/9/2011 by the Government guiding the implementation of
the Inspection Law and legal documents regarding the organizational

the revolution has consolidated the people’s confidence in the
leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam and the Government of
Vietnam.
2.2.2. Existing condition of large-scaled inspection in the
implementation of Social insurance - Health insurance policies
The result of inspection over social insurance shows that: Total
revenue of social insurance and health insurance from 2005 to 2009 is
165,843,599 million VND. Fund growth investment activity: As at
31/12/2009, idle money of the social insurance fund is 107,435,176
million VND. Total fund growth investment capital is 98,563,000
million VND. Total fund growth amount from 01/01/2005 to
31/12/2009 is 27,718,722.08 million VND. The result of mistake via
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inspection in the provinces might be handled as follows: Payment into
the State budget: 33,334.9 million VND, payment into the social
insurance fund: 6,156,031.15 million VND.
Delayed payment or indebtedness of social insurance, especially
in the enterprise block occupies a great rate. Many enterprises have
prolonged indebtedness or lack responsibility in paying health
insurance for the employees. The compliance with health insurance
systems has some violations such as signing medical examination and
treatment contracts, making coincident payments that are different
from the reality, making prescriptions with wrong quantity of
medicine and wrong price of medicine, not spontaneously
enumerating medical examination and treatment expenses under the
regulations with total violated money of 647,403.14 million VND.
The lending has some violations such as signing contracts with
loose borrowing and paying time to the extent of paying debt prematurely
when basic interest rate decreases; lending with interest rate lower than

wrong borrowers 7 billion VND; corruption and appropriation 5.2
billion VND; transfer of capital for other purposes over 33.2 billion
VND and other mistake over 22.5 billion VND. In some places,
project exhibits such as TV sets and radios were granted to wrong
objects. Through the inspection, 306 TV sets and 1,183 radios were
detected as granted mainly to communal and district staffs, not to the
project residents.
2.2.4. Existing condition of large-scaled inspection in the
implementation of health policies
- For the pharmacy: Through the large-scaled inspection, the
Inspectorate of the Ministry of Health pointed out main mistakes such as
trading in prohibited medicine, non-trade medicine or expired medicine;
storing medicine incorrectly; violating the regulations on managing
medicine quality, listing medicine price insufficiently. The violation
handling money is nearly 500,000 million VND and more importantly,
many other mistakes were detected, i.e. the mistakes that directly affect
the public health and life.
- Large-scaled inspection over the medical examination and
treatment: Through checking the medical examination and treatment costs
among 1,893,375 case records in 47 provinces and the Ministry of National
Defense, the Inspectorate detected 472,796 case records with violations
(occupying 24.97%); with total violated amount of 54,505.49 million VND,
including: Making prescriptions with wrong medicine, wrong price; violating
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health insurance cards with 309.33 million VND; other violations in health
insurance with 38,845.81 million VND.
- Large-scaled inspection over health socialization policies:
Common types of mistakes include Observing regulations on medical
examination and treatment, making case records, making prescriptions:


controlling tool of the State management agencies in order to
contribute to protecting and taking care of the public health.
2.2.5 Existing condition of large-scaled inspection in the
implementation of Education and training policies
Through the large-scaled inspection in the implementation of the
Education and training policies, many typical mistakes are detected in the
procurement of education equipments. It can be seen that the Ministry of
Education and Training established the price option to submit to the Price
Management Agency of the Ministry of Finance but not inspected and
evaluated close to the market price; not yet studied, guided and trained in
the procurement of equipment but assigned to the localities for
implementation. For training the teachers to use the equipment, that many
Departments of Education and Training entrusted the contractors is not
professional; Through inspection, the Inspectorate detected many economic
mistakes that waste the State budget with 4.16 billion VND. Economic
mistake that must be cleared and recovered to pay into the State budget is
3.2 billion VND.
In short, the large-scaled inspection over education policies has
contributed to controlling the feasibility of practical policies to put
forth evaluations as basis for adjusting and planning policies, timely
correcting and handling in order to achieve the general objective of the
education policies, i.e. targeting the people, doing for the people and
enhancing human resources quality. However, the implementation has
certain restrictions in terms of management, supervision and
inspection. Therefore, mistakes are inevitable.
2.2.6. Existing condition of large-scaled inspection in the
implementation of Culture - Sport - Tourism policies
- In terms of culture policies: In the field of culture, 30
inspections were conducted. 28 violating establishments were detected

and documents
2.3.1.5. Capacity, qualification, political quality, business
ethics of the inspectors
2.3.1.6. Guidance, operation and coordination and
combination between the Government Inspectorate and the leaders of
ministries, sectors and localities.
2.3.1.7. Summarization of results to complete the report and
conclusion on inspection
2.3.1.8. Handling after inspection
2.3.2. Reasons for limitations in the large-scaled inspection
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- First, the socialization trend of public sectors is more and more
intensive and extensive, which leads to many changes in the social
policies as well as management method.
- Second, the legal system of Vietnam in general remains
inadequate, which leads to the difficulty in the application of laws upon
inspection.
- Third, up to now we have not yet promulgated a standard process
for the large-scaled inspection of the Government Inspectorate in the
implementation of social policies.
- Forth, agencies, organizations, individuals or enterprises subject
to inspection have paid attention to studying policies and laws during the
fulfillment of their functions and tasks.
- Fifth, professional qualifications of the managers and inspectors
still have certain limitations.
- Sixth, priority policies and working means of the staff, Inspectors
have not met the requirement.
2.3.3. Experiences withdrawn from the large-scaled
inspection in the implementation of social policies

must be suitable and based on the professional majors for the assigned
task in order to promote and meet the requirements of the work and
create the internal solidarity.
- Eighth, the method of organizing and assigning staff in the
inspection contents must be compact, well-coordinated and able to
promote the general strength.
- Ninth, the handling after inspection and during inspection must
have unified evaluation and conclusion on the level of mistake, nature
of mistake, level of handling, similar guidance viewpoint, create the
strictness and just between inspectorate groups to ensure
objectiveness, just and appropriateness.
- Tenth, it is necessary to enhance the close guidance by the
levels and sectors, timely remove and solve difficulties during the
inspection in order to intensify effectiveness and efficiency.
- Eleventh, it is necessary to evaluate, summarize and withdraw
experience, select and reward timely inspection groups and complete
archives carefully and fully.

CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 2
The inspection over the past time shows that the role of large-
scaled inspection by the Government Inspectorate is very big. Many
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mistakes were detected all over the country in agencies, organizations
and individuals in most steps from planning, guidance, performance,
acceptance and final settlement. Through the inspection, various levels
and sectors have been recommended to correct, amend, supplement
and finish many legal documents related to social policies. Besides,
the inspection helps to recover many occupied and wasted monies and
assets for the State budget; handle, punish and refer to the


objective of social policy is in agreement with the economic
development objective, i.e. bringing into full play the strength of
human factor and doing for the human…. Regarding economic
development as the basis and requisite to carry out social policies,
fulfilling social policies well is the motive for economic development”
[8, 279].
To accomplish the system of social policies and for the social
policies to go into real life effectively, the maintenance of inspection
is a necessary tool.
3.1.2. Large-scaled inspection is targeted at enhancing the
State management in the accomplishment and enhancement of
effectiveness and efficiency of social policies
Inspection is an indispensable task of the leadership and
guidance agencies, one of three to-do works of the leadership of the
Communist Party of Vietnam and governments at various levels, an
integral part of the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam and
the State of Vietnam. Inspection is an important and effective measure
that contributes to enhancing the capacity of the State apparatus and
the positivism of the State public servants in the compliance with the
guidelines and policies by the Communist Party of Vietnam, the State
laws and completion of the assigned tasks.
3.1.3. Large-scaled inspection is the mechanism that
guarantees the implementation of social policies and contributes to
preventing bureaucracy and corruption
The bureaucracy is the origin of slack and corruption. The
experience shows that corruption and slack are often present where the
bureaucracy is; the heavier the bureaucracy is, the more corruption
and slack are: “In order to prevent bureaucracy; in order to know
whether the resolutions are carried out or not or carried out properly

workshops and conferences on studying laws…
3.2.4. International cooperation to learn experience
Enhancing international cooperation by the programs and projects
for enhancing overall capacity for the Inspection sector on accomplishment
of sector policies and laws; on source staff training…
3.2.5. Accomplishment of large-scaled inspection process in
the implementation of social policies
3.2.5.1. Inspection preparation phase
3.2.5.2. Inspection performance phase
3.2.5.3. Inspection completion phase
3.2.5.4. Handling after inspection
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(Enclosed by the Diagram of large-scaled inspection by the
Government Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies)
3.2.6. Expenditure guarantee
Guaranteeing expenditure for establishment of legal
documents; training staff; giving allowance to the inspection group
and investing in working equipment.

CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 3
From the restrictions analyzed in chapter II and directions for
accomplishing the inspection, it can be seen that there must be
uniform solutions in order to enhance and bring into full play the
achievements brought about by the inspection, namely, general policy
institution on inspection and specific solutions such as:
accomplishment of personnel organization of the inspection group;
enhanced coordination between the Ministries, sectors and localities in
carrying out the inspection plan and communication of laws;
international cooperation to learn experience; expenditure regime and

implementation of social policies in order to contribute to protecting
the legal rights and interests of the organizations, individuals and
establishing a justified, democratic, civilized and modern law state./.

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Diagram 2: Process of large-scaled inspection by the Government
Inspectorate in the implementation of social policies

Establishing Inspection Group in the
Ministries and sectors
Government Inspectorate
group conducts inspection
Inspection report by the Group
Leaders of the Government
Inspectorate
Summarizing inspection result
report for the whole country
Prime Minister approves the large-
scaled inspection result
Government Inspectorate checks,
speeds up, summarizes the handling
result after inspection
Establishing Inspection Group in the
provinces and cities
Conducting inspection in
the Ministries and sectors
Inspection report by the Group
Leaders of the Ministries
Ministry leader signs

: reporting
Determining the content of inspection
Approving the content of inspection by the leaders of the Government
Inspectorate
Approval by the Prime Minister
Establishing the survey group on the content of inspection
Establishing inspection plan
Organizing training for regions
Establishing Inspection Group in the Government Inspectorate