CÂU HỎI TRẮC NGHIỆM – MÔN TIẾNG ANH- LỚP 12
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Sounds
1. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. chores
b. brothers
c. boys
d. students
Đ.A: D
2. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. serves
b. hopes
c. likes
d. writes
Đ.A: A
3. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. happy
b. family
c. father
d. frankly
Đ.A: C
4. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. safe
b. sure
c. secure
d. support
Đ.A: B
5. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. gesture
b. mature
c. culture

b. learn
c. certain
d. year
Đ.A: D
11. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. create
b. face
c. fast
d. teenage
Đ.A: C
12. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
a. contact
b. socialise
c. background
d. formality
Đ.A: B
13. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. argument
b. stage
c. education
d. generational
Đ.A: A
14. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. approach
b. attach
c. reach
d. orchestra
Đ.A: D
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Đ.A: B
20. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. algebra
b. cinema
c. primary
d. separate
Đ.A: A
21. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. minority
b. eliminate
c. initiate
d. dominate
Đ.A: A
22. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. advisory
b. identify
c. idea
d. variety
Đ.A: B
23. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. house
b. bounds
c. youth
d. found
Đ.A: C
24. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
a. activities
b. enhance
c. handbook
d. asset

d. diversity
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2. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. traditional
b. attractive
c. partnership
d. activity
Đ.A: C
3. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. generation
b. ceremony
c. independent
d. similarity
Đ.A: B
4. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. acceptable
b. formality
c. circumstance
d. associate
Đ.A: C
5. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. suspicious
b. unfriendly
c. attentive
d. socialize
Đ.A: D
6. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest. (tuần 3/ mức 2)
a. curriculum

b. similar
c. actually
d. carefully
Đ.A: A
12. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a.
circumstance
b. argument
c. compliment
d. assistance
Đ.A: D
13. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. marvelous
b. obvious
c. impolite
d. fashionable
Đ.A: C
14. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. generally
b. expectedly
c. successfully
d. reportedly
Đ.A: A
15. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. mathematics
b. engineering
c. scientific
d. laboratory
Đ.A: D
16. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.

a. vacation
b. example
c. volunteer
Đ.A: C
22. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. voluntary
b. participate
c. appearance
Đ.A: A
23. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. enterprise
b. employee
c. economy
Đ.A: A
24. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. graduate
b. industrial
c. management
Đ.A: B
25. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. subsidy
b. government
c. inflation
Đ.A: C
26. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. system
b. interested
c. different
Đ.A: D
27. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.

d. terrorism
d. medical
d. influence

II. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
Choose the word or phrase (A,B,C or D) that best completes each sentence.
1.

Can you ______ me a hand with these boxes?
a. give
b. make
c. take
Đ.A: A

d. put
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2.

She was very happy that her children ______ up household chores and helped her.
a. cleaned
b. picked
c. looked
d. divided
Đ.A: D
3.
My mother ______ the responsibility for running the household.
a. holds
b. runs

Many of our students come ________ poor families.
a.in
b.from
c.for
d.over
Đ.A: B
9.
I’ll wait here until you ________ .
a. return
b. will return c. are returning
d. are going to return
Đ.A: A
10.
When I was young, I ________ to be an architect.
a. have wanted
b. wanted
c. was wanting
d. had wanted
Đ.A: B
11.
When I woke up this morning, it _________ hard.
a. was raining
b. rained
c. is raining
d. had rained
Đ.A: A
12.
When I came to the stadium, the match _________ .
a. already began
b. has already begunc. had already begund. already begun

The doctor told me _________ in bed for a few days.
a. to stay
b. stay
c. staying
d. stayed
5


Đ.A: A
She wanted to know if _________ use a computer.
a. I can
b. I could
c. could I
d. can I
Đ.A: B
19.
He ________ me why I had come back home late.
a. tells
b. told
c. asked
d. asks
Đ.A: C
20.
He said that he _______ me the book soon. (tuần 2/ mức 2)
a. returns
b. returned
c. will return
d. would return
Đ.A: D
21.

c. have you been waiting
d. had you been waiting
Đ.A: A
26. People ______ a survey among students about their attitudes toward love and marriage.
a. realize
b. carry
c. perform
d. conduct
Đ.A: D
27. Law ______ parents to send their children to school.
a. confides
b. demands
c. obliges
d. conducts
Đ.A: C
28. Some students agree that a woman has to _____ more in marriage than a man.
a. determine
b. sacrifice
c. oblige
d. trust
Đ.A: B
29. The American students want a wife to _______ her beauty and appearance after marriage.
a. maintain
b. develop
c. gain
d. collect
Đ.A: A
30. Many young people now don’t agree with _________ marriage decided by their parents.
a. shared
b. contractual

d. on
Đ.A: D
35. He suggested they _______ some rest.
a. took
b. take
c. would take
d. taking
Đ.A: B
36. On a typical day, the average person ________ about 48,000 words.
a. was speaking
b. spoke
c. speaks
d. is speaking
Đ.A: C
37. We were running because we thought that the class _______
a. has already begun
b. had already been beginning
c. has already been beginning
d. had already begun
Đ.A: D
38. I promised that I ________ go to the hockey game with Jack on Friday.
a. would
b. will
c. had to
d. must
Đ.A: A
39. Bill was just going to bed when his wife ________ home from work.
a. came
b. had come
c. was coming

45. David: Are you free for lunch tomorrow?
Chris: Sorry! ________ tennis with Michael.
a. I'll play
b. I play
c. I have played
d. I'm playing
Đ.A: D
46. When the police ____, the building was empty. The thieves ____ and escaped through an
unlocked window.
a. arrive / have entered
b. arrived / had entered
c. will arrive / enter
d. arrive / will enter
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Đ.A: B
47. I have told you he_______ unreliable.
a. would be
b. was
c. had been
d. is
Đ.A: D
48. Emily said she _______ very tired the night before.
a. is
b. had been
c. was
d. has been
Đ.A: B
49. Andrew told me that they _________ fish two previous days.

54. Mary had searched all over the house _________ she could not find the key.
a. although
b. but
c. however
d. because
Đ.A: B
55. _______ I moved in my new apartment, my neighbours have visited me twice.
a. When
b. Because
c. Since
d. After
Đ.A: C
56. Phone me before ten; ______ I’ll be too busy to talk to you.
a. otherwise
b. whether
c. unless
d. if
Đ.A: A
57. _____ you wanted to ask your teacher a question during his lecture, what would you do?
a. As
b. Suppose
c. As if
d. Even if
Đ.A: B
58. Minh: Your motorbike is terrific, Nam!
Nam: __________.
a. Thank you for your compliment.
b. Thank you very much. I am afraid.
c. I don’t like your words.
d. You are telling a lie.

Đ.A: B
63. We can use either verbal or non-verbal forms of _________.
a. communicate
b. communicative c. communication d. communicator
Đ.A: C
64. We do not whistle or clap our hands to get the person’s ____________
a. attentive
b. attentiveness
c. attentively
d. attention
Đ.A: D
65. To Americans, it is _________ to ask someone about age, marriage and salary.
a. polite
b. impolite
c. politely
d. impoliteness
Đ.A: B
66. In most social situations where some ______ is allowed, a brief raise of the hand and a small
wave is fine.
a. informality
b. informal
c. informalize
d. informally
Đ.A: A
67. He is not really friendly and makes no attempt to be ______.
a. society
b. social
c. socialize
d. sociable
Đ.A: D

73. The state school system can be divided ______ two levels of education.
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a. on

b. into

c. in
d. of
Đ.A: B
74. School uniform is compulsory in most of Vietnamese schools.
a. depended
b. required
c. divided
d. paid
Đ.A: B
75. The GCSE stands for the ___________.
a. General Certificate of Secondary Education
b. Generally Certificate of Secondary Education
c. General Certificate of Second Education
d. General Certificate of Secondary Educating
Đ.A: A
76. English, Maths and Science are ______ in the national examinations in England.
a. compulsory
b. essential
c. vital
d. official
Đ.A: A
77. The school year in England runs from September to July .

d. technology
Đ.A: B
82. Children today experience various developmental stages with _______ and rapidity.
a. intense
b. intensive
c. intention
d. intensity
Đ.A: D
83. Each term is separated by a one – week break _________ half term.
a. calls
b. calling
c. called
d. is called
Đ.A: C
84. The ________ students are selected to take part in the annual International Olympic.
a. advance
b. advancing
c. advanced
d. advances
Đ.A: C
85. The “independent” or “public” school system is ____________.
a. fee – paying
b. fee – paid
c. fee – tuition
d. fee
Đ.A: A
86. Dinner ______ served when we got there.
a. is being
b. was being
c. has been being d. had been being

Đ.A: C
91. The National Curriculum in Vietnam _________ more than ten subjects.
a. is made of
b. is made
c. is made up
d. is made up of
Đ.A: D
92. The______ year usually starts in September in Vietnam.
a. schooling
b. educating
c. educated
d. academic
Đ.A: D
93. No previous knowledge of Arabic is required for__________to this university.
a. admission
b. acceptance
c. decision
d. attendance
Đ.A: A
94. ___________ education refers to education at college or university level.
a. General
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. Primary
Đ.A: C
95. Have you considered___________ for a job?
a. asking
b. applying
c. getting
d. requesting

Đ.A: C
101. There are two types of higher education in ____________UK.
a. a
b. an
c. the
d. Ø
Đ.A: C
102. If you meet Susan today,____________ her to ring me.
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a. tell
b. to tell
c. telling
d. told
Đ.A: A
103. If it_________ warm yesterday, we woud have gone to the beach.
a. was
b. were
c. had been
d. coud be
Đ.A: C
104. _________here, he would help us with these troubles.
a. Were Peter
b. If were Peter
c. Unless were Peter d. Unless Peter were
Đ.A: A
105. __________that problem with the car, we wouldn’t have missed the speech.
a. If we had had
b. If had we had

d. being started
Đ.A: C
111. The computer doesn’t work. You should get it _______
a. to repair
b. to be repair
c. repairing
d. repaired
Đ.A: D
112. He expected _______ to Alice’s party.
a. to invite
b. being invited
c. to be invited
d. be invited
Đ.A: C
113. In our country, the school year is divided into two _______.
a. periods
b. seasons
c. times
d. semesters.
Đ.A: D
114. If I had known that you couldn’t eat beef, I ______ it. .
a. would have bought
b. wouldn’t have bought
c. wouldn’t buy
d. would buy
Đ.A: B
115. If she ______ English well, she can apply for that job.
a. speak
b. spoke
c. can speak

If I _________ breakfast this morning, I _________ hungry now.
a. had breakfast / wouldn’t have felt
b. had had / wouldn’t have felt
c. had had / would not feel
d. had / wouldn’t feel
Đ.A: C
121. Please don’t ________ so much noise. The baby is sleeping.
a. do
b. make
c. cause
d. have
Đ.A: B
122. Jane has just graduated ________ university.
a. in
b. by
c. from
d. with
Đ.A: C
123. The party to ____ we went was very enjoyable.)
a. where
b. that
c. which
d. whose
Đ.A: C
124. My English teacher,____ comes from Canada, loves music.
a. who
b. that
c. Ø
d. whom
Đ.A: A

a. formal
b. informal
c. elegant
d. tidy
13


Đ.A: B
131. Show enthusiasm or keenness when the job is explained to you.
a. interest and eagerness
c. politeness
c. honesty
d. self-confidence
Đ.A: A
132. In this company, every one must wear a uniform. It is ______.
a. optional
b. compulsory
c. necessary
d. enthusiatic
Đ.A: B
133. You should concentrate on what the interviewer is saying and make a real effort to answer
all the questions.
a. look at
b. focus your attention on
c. try your best
d. hear
Đ.A: B
134. A ______ buys and sells a particular product which he/she knows much about.
a. trader
b. dealer

d. he applied
Đ.A: B
140. She is not good at tennis ________ she practises it almost everyday.
a. despite
b. despite of the fact that
c. in spite of
d. despite the fact that
Đ.A: D
141. My sister was sitting ________ an armchair reading while I was doing my homework.
a. on
b. at
c. in
d. above
Đ.A: C
142. You can congratulate yourself ________ having done an excellent job.
a. on
b. in
c. at
d. about
Đ.A: A
143. As babies, we rely entirely __________ others _________ food.
a. in- for
b. on – for
c. on – about
d. in – about
Đ.A: B
144. His parents tried to discourage him ________ being an actor.
a. for
b. to
c. with

149. Modern medical systems will look ________ sick people better.
a. up
b. for
c. after
d. into
Đ.A: C
150. Eating healthy food _______ people have a long and healthy life.
a. causes
b. offers
c. forces
d. helps
Đ.A: D
151. There are more and more parks ________ children can play .
a. which
b. that
c. where
d. in that
Đ.A: C
152. I saw Jack yesterday morning while I __________ home from work.
a. walked
b. had been walking c. was walking
d. had left / had gone
Đ.A: C
153. If she hadn't overslept, she __________ late for the interview.
a. wouldn't be
b. wouldn't have been
c. hadn't been
d. would have
been
Đ.A: B

159. We couldn’t help _______ when we heard his funny story.
a. laugh
b. to laugh
c. laughing
d. laughed
15


Đ.A: C
160. The new city has a _________ of over 200,000 people.
a. number
b. lodger
c. inhabitant
d. population
Đ.A: D
161. Millions of workers are facing ______ because robots will do most of the work in factories.
a. employment
b. unemployment c. job
d. work
Đ.A: B
162. In the future people will live longer ________ medical improvements.
a. because
b. thanks to
c. despite
d. although
Đ.A: B
163. Life in the future is more convenient but not ________ than it is now.
a. easy
b. easier
c. as easy

d. with
Đ.A: B
169. When I am learning English, sometimes I am confused ________ the accent.
a. about
b. for
c. at
d. on
Đ.A: A
170. Young students are conducting a wide _____ of short-term and long-term service activities
throughout Vietnam.
a. collection
b. variety
c. selection
d. range
Đ.A: B
171. Many projects are being carried __________ to ensure road safety in Vietnam.
a. forward
b. over
c. out
d. through
Đ.A: C
172. Teamwork and ______ skill will help the Youth build up their self-confidence.
a. leadership
b. pair work
c. group work
d. creation
Đ.A: A
173. Young people always want to be __________. When they want to do something, they’ll try their
best to reach their goals.
a. ambitious

b. involvement
c. involved
d. involve
Đ.A: C
178. Why do you always disagree with __________ I say?
a. those
b. that
c. which
d. what
Đ.A: D
179. Have you read the points __________ at the meeting last week?
a. being discussed b. to be discussed c. be discussed
d. discussing
Đ.A: B
180 .After John left __________ University of Cambridge, he went to __________ Texas State in
America.
a.
the / the
b. Þ / the
c. a / Þ
d. the / Þ
Đ.A: D
181. Perhaps the most important application of ____ laser is in ____ field of ____ medicine.
a.
the / Þ / Þ
b. Þ / the / Þ
c. Þ / Þ / the
d. a / the / Þ
Đ.A: B
182.This _____ shop is always crowded with customers in the town.

c. dedicated by
d. dedicating
by
Đ.A: B
187. She can play _____ piano and _____ violin.
a. the/a
b. a/the
c. an/the
d. the/the
17


Đ.A: D
188. Peter is working in an office. He’s a white- _____ worker.
a.
collar
b. shirt
c. sleeve
d. button
Đ.A: A
189. I had a red- _____ day yesterday.
a.
time
b. letter
c. page
d. pen
Đ.A: B
190. Have you made any preparation __________ a class outing?
a. at
b. on

III- READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the item (A, B, C or D) that best completes the unfinished statement (or best
answers the question) about each passage. Read the passage carefully, then choose the
correct answer.
The nuclear family, consisting of a mother, father, and their children, may be more an
American ideal than an American reality. Of course, the so-called traditional American family
was always more varied than we had been led to believe, reflecting the very different racial,
ethnic, class, and religious customs among different American groups.
The most recent government statistics reveal that only about one- third of all current
American families fit the traditional mould and another third consist of married couples who
either have no children or have none still living at home. Of the final one -third, about 20 percent
of the total number of American households are single people, usually women over sixty-five
years of age. A small percentage, about 3 percent of the total, consists of unmarried people who
choose to live together; and the rest, about 7 percent are single, usually divorced parents, with at
least one child. Today, these varied family types are typical, and therefore, normal.
1. With what topic is the passage mainly concerned?
a. The nuclear family
b. The ideal family
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c. The traditional American family
d. The current American family
Đ.A: D
2. The writer implies that ________ .
a. there have always been a wide variety of family arrangements in the United States
b. racial, ethnic, and religious groups have preserved the traditional family structure
c. the ideal American family is the best structure
d. fewer married couples are having children
Đ.A: A

like your hair. Which hairdresser do you go to?” or “You look very well. Have you been
on holiday?” Friendly messages like this seem to provide an easy way into a conversation.
1. According to my aunt, the most important thing in a conversation was _____.
a. discussing
b. looking
c. listening
d. speaking
Đ.A: C
2. At parties where she does not know anybody, my aunt normally ______.
a. feels embarrassed and stays away from people
b. comes over to the first person and introduces herself
c. asks people to introduces themselves to her
d. sits alone and avoids talking to other people
Đ.A: B
3. My aunt thinks that it's very easy to keep a conversation going if you _______.
a. let people hear about yourself
b. talk about politics or religion
c. let people talk about themselves
d. ask people about their secrets
Đ.A: C
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4. What should you NOT do when you have a conversation with someone?
a. Looking very interested in his or her story
b. B. Listening very carefully and asking
questions
c. Paying him or her compliments
d.Looking at other things in the room
Đ.A: D

Đ.A: D
2. _____the literate proportion of the country’s population is very high.
a. Thank to the compulsory primary education.
b. Thank to a less developed country
c. Thank to children’s starting school at the age of six
d. Thank to children’s lasting 5 years in primary school
Đ.A: A
3. Secondary education is standardized in _____.
a. all rural provinces
b. all over the country except in urban regions
c. not all over the country
d. all the countrside
Đ.A: C
4. The graduation test for all high school students often consists of 6 subjects which are ___
a. similar every other year
b. the same every year.
c. fixed years after years.
d. differently selected every year.
Đ.A: D
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Body Language. What Does It Say?
More than half of what we communicate is communicated not through words but
through body language. This includes our posture, facial expressions, and gestures. Because
body language is so important, you will want to know what yours is saying and how to
interpret other people’s too. Here are some examples of body language and its meaning.
( Note: These meanings are for North America. Interpretations may differ a bit in other
cultures).
A smile is a sign of friendliness and interest. But people sometimes smile just to be

d. you shouldn’t stand too far from him
Đ.A: A
Without doubt, the most important part of any job application is the resumé. Along
with a cover letter, it is the first impression a prospective employee makes on a potential
employer. Therefore, it is important that a resumé provide as much relevant information as
possible while remaining brief. A resumé should not be more than one full side of a sheet of
21


paper. All too many candidates make the mistake of submitting several pages which, more
often than not, don’t even get a second glance.
A resumé must be neatly printed, with at least three-quarter inch margins on all four
sides. Use underlining, capital letters and asterisks to highlight important information. A
resumé should be single-spaced with an extra line between blocks of information.
Begin a resumé with your name, address, and contact information (e.g.telephone or
fax numbers, email address). Do not include age, marital status, or other personal facts.
Next, many resumé state the position sought or career goal. Then comes perhaps the most
important part: a chronological outline of work experience-starting with the most recent job
and working backwards- including for each position a brief description of relevant duties
and skills used or acquired. Finally, include an outline of your educational background from
the most recent backwards. Make sure to list dates of completion, full name and locations
(if not common knowledge) of schools, and diplomas or certificates awarded.
1. Which of the following should NOT be on your resumé?
a. Your name, telephone and fax numbers.
b. The year you received your bachelor’s degree.
c. Your nationality and the fact that you are single.
d. A desciption of tasks performed in your last job.
Đ.A: C
2. What is true about a resumé?
a. Resumé should be brief but very informative.

activities are not closely tied to corporate social responsibilities, including environmental
protection.
Thanks to its economic achievements in recent years, Vietnam is
considered a phenomenon among emerging economics and, as a result, has attracted a large
number of equity funds. These equity funds never invest in enterprises whose operations
pollute and damage the environment. While all investors are profit-oriented, enhanced
public awareness and changing purchasing patterns, which arise from greater social
development, mean that sooner or later consumers will wonder whether they should
purchase or use products and services offered by enterprises whose operations destroy and
pollute the environment.
1. The underlined word “those” in the passage can be replaced by _____.
a. production plants
b. environmental damage
c. local press
d. investment
Đ.A: A
2 .The Ba Bo Canal and Vedan are referred to as an _______.
a. explanation
b. excuse
c. illustration
d. evidence
Đ.A: C
3. One of the reasons for the pollution of Vietnamese environment is _____.
a. the low awareness of the importance of ecosystem
b. the authorities’close monitor of the economy
c. the offenders are too lenient
d. the consumers’ purchasing patterns have been changing
Đ.A: A
4.. According to the passage, business ethics require investors ______.
a. to be responsible to the welfare of the society.

b. researching on land and markets
c. maintaining agricultural land
d. canceling small agricultural businesses
Đ.A: A
3. More ________ should be passed to increase investments in agriculture.
a . markets
b. mechanization c. policies
d. cooperation
Đ.A: C
4. Agricultural investors are not only good at _______ but also at ________.
a. manufacturing / management
b. releasing policies/ trading
c. researching/ cooperating
d. creating jobs/ canceling small businesses
Đ.A: A
5. The aim of these agricultural projects is to _____.
a. decide what kinds of plants for the land
b. lease land from farmers
c. transform agriculture into big-scale farming
d. go to domestic and
foreign markets
Đ.A: C
British teenagers are amongst thousands of young people who have responded to
an unusual request from scientists. They were asked to “send a message to the future”. The
messages, which will include letters, pictures and music, will be placed in a time capsule
called SpaceArc. The four kilogram capsule will be on a satellite which is being launched
from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
The response to the scientists request has been incredible. “We've had thousands
of letters from all over the world,” said one of the organizers. “We've selected some of the
messages already and we're going to choose the rest next month.” SpaceArc will contain all

a. letters written by young people.
b. pictures of people on the earth.
c. information about life on earth today. d. music composed by Bethoven
Đ.A: C
4- It’s important to give an accurate reflection on life so that ______
a. it’s won’t be lost.
b. people of the future will not misunderstand it.
c. people will recognize it.
d. it will be remember forever.
Đ.A: B
5 The best title for the passage is ______
a. Space and our life.
b. Travelling into space.
c. SpaceArc : A time capsule for the future.
d. Future satellites.
Đ.A: C
VOLUNTEERS SERVICE OVERSEAS (VSO)
VSO is a registered charity dedicated to assisting in developing countries. More
specifically, it is a recruitment agency which finds, selects and places volunteers in response
to overseas requests.
This work makes it distinctive among other charities and organizations in the UK. It
sends people, not money, so that its services are, in effect, entirely complementary to the
efforts being made by agencies like Oxfam, Christian Aid and Save the Children Fund with
whom it often works directly.
VSO tries to respond to requests from overseas which ask for volunteers. Its bias is
firmly towards the poorest members of the community and it takes great care to avoid
undermining job opportunities for local people.
Both staff and volunteers also pay special attention to women's roles in development
projects. This is because women's roles in child-rearing, in education and community
cohesion are essential in any healthy process of change.