UBND TỈNH BÀ RỊA-VŨNG TÀU
HỘI ĐỒNG THI TUYỂN CÔNG CHỨC
HÀNH CHÍNH TỈNH NĂM 2016

CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM

Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP THI TUYỂN CCHC NĂM 2016
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH TRÌNH ĐỘ ĐẠI HỌC
Cơ quan biên soạn: Đại học Bà Rịa – Vũng Tàu
A- NỘI DUNG ÔN TẬP
I. Ngữ âm: Phân biệt cách phát âm các đuôi –s/-es/ -ed
II. Ngữ pháp:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Thì (tenses)
Câu bị động (Passive voice)
Câu trần thuật (Reported Speech)
Câu điều kiện (Conditional sentences)
Mệnh đề quan hệ(Relative clauses): phân biệt cách sử dụng 2 loại mệnh đề quan
hệ

II. Đọc hiểu:
1. Các kĩ năng đọc hiểu:
a. Đọc lướt (scanning and skimming)
b. Đoán nghĩa từ qua văn cảnh (Guess word’s meaning through context)

SECTION II: GRAMMAR
I-TENSES IN ENGLISH
Tenses
1. Simple present

Usage
We use the present tense to talk about:
•

something that is true in the present:
I’m nineteen years old.
He lives in London.

•

Present habits or routines (with adverbs of frequency:
sometimes, often, usually, always, never, …)
I play football every weekend.
I sometimes go to the cinema.
She never plays football.

•

something that is always true:
The adult human body contains 206 bones.
Light travels at almost 300,000 kilometres per second.

•

something that is fixed in the future (program, schedule,...)

Mary is going to a new school next term.
What are you doing next week?
3. We can use the present continuous to talk about the past: when we are
telling a story or when we are summarizing the story from a book, film or
play, etc.
3. Present perfect

We use the present perfect tense:
- for something that started in the past and continues in
the present:
They’ve been married for nearly fifty years.
She has lived in Liverpool all her life.
- for something we have done several times in
the past and continue to do:
I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
He has written three books and he is working on another one.
I’ve been watching that programme every week.
- when we are talking about our experience up to the present:
My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.
Have you ever met George?- Yes, but I’ve never met his wife.
- for something that happened in the past without definite time (with
adverbials: just; only just; recently;ever, so far; until now; up to now,…)
I can’t get in the house. I’ve lost my keys.
Teresa isn’t at home. I think she has gone shopping.
3


Scientists have recently discovered a new breed of monkey.
We have just got back from our holidays.
Have you ever seen a ghost?


6. Past continuous

We use the past continuous to talk about something which
continued before and after another action in the past.
The children were doing their homework when I got home.
As I was watching television, the telephone rang.

7. Past perfect

We use the past perfect to talk about an action that happened before a
point of time or another action in the past (with the use of before, after,
when by, by the time, by the end of + time in the past …)
I had gone to bed before 10 o’clock last night.

8.
Past
continuous

After he had finished work, he went straight home.
perfect We use the past perfect continuous:
- to express actions or situations that were in progress before some other
actions or situations.
He boys had been quarreling for half an hour when we arrived
4


home.
I had been dating Angelina for 3 years before we got married.
- Use this tense to show cause of an action or situation in the past.

to say that something will be finished by a particular time in the future.
Do you think you will have finished it by next Thursday?
In 5 years time I’ll have finished university and I’ll be able to earn
some money at last.
I think astronauts will have landed on Mars by the year 2020.
I’ll have finished in an hour and then you can use the computer.

12. Future perfect to talk about an action which starts before a time in the future and
continuous
continues up to that time.
In April 2018, I will have been teaching here for ten years.
13. Near future

- Intention/ future plan
I have won $1,000. I am going to buy a new TV.
We’re not going to see my mother tomorrow.
When are you going to go on holiday?
- Predictions about the future based on evidence
The sky is very black. It is going to snow.
It’s 8.30! You’re going to miss the train!
5


I crashed the company car. My boss isn’t going to be very happy!

II- PASSIVE VOICE
1. How to changed from active to passive
2. Passive voice with reporting verbs:
- Sometimes when you are reporting what people say or believe, you don´t know, or you don´t
want to say, who exactly the `people´ are. So you use an impersonal construction:

Close the door, please.
-> The door must be closed, please.

III- REPORTED SPEECH
Introductory clause + reported clause
Tense of the Introductory Clause:
No Backshift
if introductory clause is in …

Backshift
if introductory clause is in …

•

Simple Present (He says …)

•

Simple Past (He said …)

•

Present Perfect (He has said …)

•

Past Perfect (He had said …)

•



Simple Past
Present Perfect

Past Perfect Simple

Past Perfect
Past Progressive
Present Perfect Progressive

Past Perfect Progressive

Past Perfect Progressive
Future I (going to)
Future I (will)
Conditional I
Future II
Conditional II

was / were going to
Conditional I
Conditional II

Exceptions
•
•
•
•

Backshift of Simple Present is optional if the situation is still unchanged or if you agree

* Conditional Sentence Type 3→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it
refers to the past.
Form: if + Past Perfect, would + have + Past Participle
Ex:

If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

* Mixed Conditional Patterns:
PAST

PRESENT

Examples:
•

If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.
But I didn't win the lottery in the past and I am not rich now.

•

If I had taken French in high school, I would have more job opportunities.
But I didn't take French in high school and I don't have many job opportunities.

•

If she had been born in the United States, she wouldn't need a visa to work here.
But she wasn't born in the United States and she does need a visa now to work here.
PAST

FUTURE


If I didn't have to work so much, I would have gone to the party last night.
But I have to work a lot and that is why I didn't go to the party last night.

PRESENT

FUTURE

Examples:
•
If I didn't have so much vacation time, I wouldn't go with you on the cruise to
Alaska next week. But I do have a lot of vacation time and I will go on the trip next
week.
•
If Cindy were more creative, the company would send her to New York to work
on the new advertising campaign. But Cindy is not creative and the company won't send
her to New York to work on the new campaign.
•
If Dan weren't so nice, he wouldn't be tutoring you in math tonight. But Dan is
nice and he is going to tutor you tonight.
FUTURE

PAST

Examples:
•
If I weren't going on my business trip next week, I would have accepted that new
assignment at work. But I am going to go on a business trip next week, and that is why I didn't
accept that new assignment at work.
•

Defining Relative clauses

Non-defining relative clauses

A defining relative clause identifies or A non-defining relative clause adds extra
classifies a noun:
information about a noun which already has a
Do you know the guy who is talking to Will clear reference:
over there?

The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo
da Vinci, who was also a prolific engineer
and inventor.

I wrote my essay on a photo which was
taken by Robert Capa.

If we omit this type of clause, the sentence If we leave out this type of clause, the sentence
does not make sense or has a different still makes sense:
meaning:
The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo
da Vinci. (we know who Leonardo da Vinci
Do you know the guy? (which guy?)
was)
I wrote my essay on a photo. (what kind of
photo?)
Without comma:

With comma:


10


•

Thesis statement

The Main Body:
2-3 paragraphs supporting the main idea of the essay.
Conclusion
The conclusion summarises main points in the essay

B. LUYỆN TẬP
Exercise 1: Circle a word in each line that has the underlined part pronounced differently
from the others.
1.
2.
3.
4.

a. allowed
a. wasted
a. cracked
a. relaxed

b. cried
b. visited
b. mixed
b. loved



c. enjoyed
c. watched
c. gloves
c. turns

b. loved
b. laughed

c. showed
c. coughed

d. rolled
d. stopped
d. shoes
d. flies
d. cried
d. fixed

Exercise 2: Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences
1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London.
A. has lived
B. is living
C. was living
D. has been living
2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday.
A. don’t see
B. haven’t seen
C. didn’t see
D. hadn’t seen

12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

17.

18.

19.
20.

discovering
I _______ in the room right now.
A. am being
B. was being
C. have been being D. am
I ______ to New York three times this year.
A. have been
B. was
C. were
D. had been
Doctors______an answer to AIDS yet.
A. have found
B. found
C. haven/t found
D.hasn/t found
He______to give up smoking since last week.
A. was trying

There ________ two accidents on this road so far this year and the one last night was
quite serious.
A. are
B. were
C. have been
D. are going to be
He is a very active child. Probably, when he grows up he ________ very good at sports.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. is going to be
Please call me back later. I can't speak right now because I ________ an English lesson.
12


A. have

B. have had

C. am having

D. am going to have

21. I bought this car in July, so now I ________ it for six months.

A. have

B. have had

C. am having

Every week we ________ a spelling test on Friday morning with words we have learned
in the week.
A. have
B. had
C. are having
D. have had
Emrah ________ Hazim for two months since he started studying in the same class last
November.
A. knows
B. knew
C. has known
D. is knowing
When I was on holiday in the USA, every night we ________ a different city.
A. stay
B. have stayed
C. stayed
D. are staying

Exercise 3: Choose the correct answer.
1. I have three brothers.

My brother who lives in Sidney came to see me last month.
My brother, who lives in Sidney, came to see me last month.
2. I have one sister.

My sister who is 25 years old spent her holiday in France.
My sister, who is 25 years old, spent her holiday in France.
3. Bob's mum has lost her keys.

Bob's mum who is a musician has lost her car keys.


St. Mary's Church which we visited yesterday is very old.
St. Mary's Church, which we visited yesterday, is very old.
Exercise 4: Rewrite each sentence so that the meaning stays the same.
1. People think that neither side wanted war.

Neither side is ...................................................................................................
2. People say that fewer than 1,000 blue whales survive in the southern hemisphere.

Fewer ................................................................................................................
3. Everyone knows that eating fruit is good for you.

Eating fruit ........................................................................................................
4. People consider that one in three bathing beaches is unfit for swimming.

One in three bathing beaches ............................................................................
5. At least 130,000 dolphins are reported to be caught in the nets of tuna fishers every year.

It is ....................................................................................................................
6. It is estimated that in the past 15 years about 10 million dolphins have been killed.

About 10 million dolphins ...............................................................................
7. In ancient Greece people thought dolphins were men who had abandoned life on land.

In ancient Greece it ..........................................................................................
8. In ancient Rome it was believed that dolphins carried souls to heaven.

In ancient Rome dolphins ................................................................................
9. People say that the company invested fifty million pounds last week.


fraud.
Mr Bond ............................................................................................................
It is thought that this treasure dates from the 19th century.
This treasure ......................................................................................................
People believe that a professional thief stole the painting.
It ........................................................................................................................

Exercise 5:
Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note whether the sentence is a request, a
statement or a question.
1. He said, "I like this song."

→ He said
2. "Where is your sister?" she asked me.

→ She asked me
3. "I don't speak Italian," she said.

→ She said
4. "Say hello to Jim," they said.

→ They asked me
5. "The film began at seven o'clock," he said.

→ He said
6. "Don't play on the grass, boys," she said.

→ She told the boys
7. "Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.