UNIT 6: POPULATION
I. GRAMMAR POINTS:
* RELATIVE PRONOUN AND RELATIVE CLAUSE:(Mệnh đề liên hệ và đại từ liên hệ).
A. ĐỊNH NGHĨA:
Đại từ liên hệ dùng để thay thế cho danh từ đứng trước nó, nó giới thiệu một mệnh đề phụ
nhằm làm rõ nghóa cho danh từ mà đại từ liên hệ thay thế, mệnh đề này gọi là mệnh đề liên
hệ.
B. CÁCH DÙNG:
1. Who: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ người làm chủ ngữ.
Eg: This is the man who helped me yesterday.
The boy who studies the best in this class is my son.
2. Whom: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ người làm tân ngữ.
Eg: The man whom you met yesterday is my uncle.
3. Whose: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ người làm sỡ hữu.
Eg: The woman whose son is my friend is a good doctor.
4. Which: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ vật làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ.
Eg: The house which has green door is mine.
The car which you have just bought is new and comfortable.
5. Where: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ nơi chốn.
Eg: This is the place where I was born and grew up.
6. When: thay thế cho một danh từ chỉ thời gian.
Eg: The day when you came was on Sunday.
7. That: thay thế cho WHO, WHICH trong mệnh đề hạn đònh: mệnh đề không có dấu phẫy.
Eg: This is the man who wrote this novel = This is the man that wrote this novel.
This is the house which I bought last year = This is the house that I bought last year.
8. Of which: Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật làm sỡ hữu.
Eg: The book of which cover is red is interesting.
C. RESTRICTIVE AND NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSE:
1. Restrictive Relative clauses: (Mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn- mệnh đề hạn đònh)
Mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn dùng để bổ nghóa cho danh từ đứng trước, là một bộ phận
quan trọng trong câu. Nếu bỏ nó đi, mệnh đề chính sẽ không được xác đònh và không có nghóa

b1 b1
The man is my father. Whom you met yesterday.
b2
The man whom you met yesterday is my father.
B3 (thành phẩm)
II. EXERCISES:
A. PHONETIC:
* Choose the word whose bold/ underlined part is pronounced differently frm that of the other three.
1. A. cause B. haul C. fault D. because
2. A. population B. average C. favorite D. station
3. A. people B. creosote C. theory D. geometric
4. A. growth B. math C. brother D. strength
5. A. education B. special C. economy D. uncommon
* Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of the other three.
1. A. unwillingness B. population C. unemployment D. contraception
2. A. unhealthy B. poverty C. family D. energy
3. A. expression B. following C. enormous D. condition
4. A. water B. female C. shortage D. control
5. A. responsible B. illiterate C. estimation D. constructively
B. VOCABULARY:
* Find out the antonym of the following words or phrases:
Word / Phrase Antonym
1. increased
2. failure
3. discouraged
4. slow
5. very small or limited
6. a family with a lot of children
7. the upper parts
8. emigrants

A. but B. because C. although D. in spite of
4. I dont like stories ................... have unhappy endings.
A. that B. who C. in which D. whose
5. The man ................... came from Vinh was the guide for our group during my holiday.
A. whom B. which C. whose D. who
6. I recently went back to the town ................... I was born.
A. which B. where C. in where D. at where
7. I would like to live in a country ................... there is plenty of sunshine.
A. when B. which C. where D. of which
8. My classmate, ................... I wanted to see, was on holiday.
A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
9. Thats the old lady ................... husband won the Nobel Prize.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. that
10. My friend, ................... hates travelling, refused to go with me to Ha Long Bay.
A. who B. whose C. that D. whom
11. Edward, ................... father is my boss, has just moved to Paris.
A. who B. which C. where D. whose
12. We climbed to the top of the mountain, ................... we had a picnic.
A. that B. where C. which D. on where
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13. We don’t want to swim in the sea, ................... looks very dirty.
A. where B. which C. when D. who
14. He gave me the important information, ................... I noted down at once.
A. which B. that C. what D. why
15. Did he explain ................... went wrong?
A. that B. what C. where D. when
16. He’s the painter ................... last exhibition was such a failure.
A. who B. which C. that D. whose
17. I’m looking forward to the programme ................... is on after the news.
A. it B. its C. which D. whose

A. which B. that C. where D. when
33. I’ve put Mr Matthew’s papers in your green file, ................. is on your desk.
A. of which B. that C. which D. whom
34. Just try and imagine ................. life would be like without water.
A. how B. what C. that D. if
35. Two men, neither of ................. I had ever seen before, came into my office.
A. whom B. that C. whose D. which
36. My radio, ................. isn’t very old, had suddenly stopped working.
A. that B. which C. of which D. whose
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37. They asked me a lot of questions, some of ................. I couldn’t answer.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
38. He always did well at school ................. having his early education disrupted by illness.
A. on account of B. in addition to C. in spite of D. although
39. It was raining, but the baseball game wasn’t cancelled.
A. The baseball game wouldn’t be cancelled until it stopped raining.
B. Though it was raining, the baseball game wasn’t cancelled.
C. In spite of raining, the baseball still went ahead.
D. The organizer put off the baseball game untill after the rain.
40. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.
A. The hotel was not noisy, so we stayed there.
B. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it.
C. Although the hotel was noisy, we stayed there.
D. The noise kept us staying in the hotel.
41. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car.
A. She doesn’t have enough money to buy the car she likes.
B. Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy the car.
C. The car is too expensive for her to buy.
D. She wants to buy the bike but it costs a lot.
42. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.