ÔN TẬP THI HỌC KỲ & TỐT NGHIỆP
ÔN TẬP THI HỌC KỲ & TỐT NGHIỆP

Name : -----------------------------------------
Structures
1. Đổi thì khi viết câu :
1.1@ Started/Began+to inf/V-ing+time ago.
 Has/have+V(3/ed) +since/for+time.
 Has/have+been+V-ing+since/for+time.
1.2 S + has / have + not + V ( 3 / ed ) +(O)+ since / for + time.
 Last + V ( 2 / ed ) + (O) + time ago.
 It ‘s + time + since + S + V ( 2 / ed ) + (O).
 The last time + S + V ( 2 / ed ) + (O) + was + time ago.
1.3 @ S + has / have + never / not + V ( 3 / ed ) + O + before.
 This is the first time + S + has / have + V ( 3 / ed ) + O.
1.4 @ S + has / have + never / not + V ( 3 / ed ) + such + ( a/an ) + N +
before
This is the first time + S + has / have + V ( 3 / ed ) + such +
(a/an) + N.
Eg : The last time I met him was two weeks ago .  I
I started studying English six years ago.  I have
She has never seen him before.  It is the
I have never heard such a beatiful song before.  This is
They have not gone on a picnic for many months.  They last
2. Reported speech : Câu tường thuật
2.1 @Commands :
+) : “V
(bare
inf)
+ O…” S + asked / told + O + To Infinitive
(_) : “Don’t + V

Past progressive
Past perfect (Progressive)
Past perfect
Would/ Should
Could/ Might
Bảng đổi các đại từ chỉ thị, phó từ chỉ địa điểm và thời gian
Today
Yesterday
The day before yesterday
Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow
Next + Time
Last + Time
Time + ago
This, these
Right now
Here, Overhere
That day
The day before
Two days before
The next/ the following day
In two days' time
The following + Time
The previous + Time
Time + before
That, those
At once
There, Overthere
3. Conditional clauses :


.
@ Present wish :
S + get + O ( người ) + to infinitive + O ( vật ).
S + wish + S + were (not) / Verb
(cột 2 / ed)
/ didn’t verb
(bare infinitive)
.
@ Past wish : S + wish + S + Had (not) + Verb
(pp)
.
Eg : I can’t speak English fluently . I wish I could speak English fluently
My friends don’t take part in I wish my friend took part in the game.
I didn’t know that Alice was ill. I wish I had known that Alice was ill.

4. Active and passive voice :
Tenses Active

Passive
Simple present
Simple past
° S + V
(s/es)
+ O
° S + V
(2 / ed)
+ O
° S + am / is / are + V
(pp)
° S + was / were + V

° S + MODAL + Be +V
(pp)
Modals : can,could,will,would,shall,should,may,might,must,used to,have to
,has to,had to…
@ Chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động
là :I,we,you,he,she,it,they,people,someone,somebody…
Khi đổi sang câu bò động là: by me,us,you,him,her,it,them,people,somebody
….thì bỏ đi.
@ Chủ ngữ câu chủ động là anybody , anyone , anything … khi đổi sang
câu bò động phải chuyển thành nobody , no one , nothing … và chuyển
động từ sang ngược thể .
@ Nếu trong câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ, một trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm
chủ ngữ trong câu bò động.
@ By + O đứng trước trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và đứng sau trạng ngữ chỉ
nơi chốn trong câu bò động .
 Dạng nhờ bảo ( Causative forms ) :
Active : S + have + O ( người ) + bare infinitive + O ( vật ).
Passive :  S + have / get + O ( vật ) + V (pp) + by O (người).
 Eg : I had him repair my bicycle yesterday. --> I had my bicycle
repaired ( by him ) yesterday.
Eg : I get her to make some coffe --> I get some coffee made
5. Connectors: AND : She is a good and loyal wife.
BOTH ... AND : She is both good and loyal.
AS WELL AS (Cũng như):He has experience as well as knownledge
HOWEVER He is a very lazy student; however, he can pass all
the exams easily.
THEREFORE ( bởi vậy, cho nên, vì thế, vì vậy)
He violated the traffic signs, therefore he was punished.
If clauses
S + had (not ) + V(3/ed)

The boy given a present is my son.
 Động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động được rút gọn thành dạng Past
Participle
 Rút gọn đại từ quan hệ
1. Đại từ quan hệ có thể được rút gọn nếu nó là chủ ngữ của mệnh đề quan hệ
Eg: I enjoy the book which / that you lent me yesterday .
-> I enjoy the book you lent me yesterday.
Nếu danh từ dược bổ nghĩa bằng mệnh đề quan hệ dược bắt đầu bằng the
first, the second , the third, ... , the last , the only ... thì MĐQH đựoc rút gọn
bằng To- Infinitive .
The only person to survive the earthquake was a young girl.
7. MODAL VERBS – MODAL PERFECT: Động từ khiếm khuyết –
khiếm khuyết hồn thành
Can (có thể chỉ một khả năng): Chỉ có 2 hình thức hiện tại đơn (CAN) và
quá khứ đơn (COULD).
Can you speak any foreign languages?
When we went into the house, we could smell burning.
7. 1. Must. Mustn’t, Needn’t:
a. Must: cần thiết phải làm
You haven’t got much time. You must hurry.
b. Mustn’t: cần thiết do đó không được làm
You can tell Tom what I said but he mustn’t tell anybody else.
(= It is necessary that he doesn’t tell anybody else)
c. Needn’t – Inf . : = don’t / doesn’t need to: Không cần
You have got plenty of time. You don’t need to hurry (You needn’t
hurry)
Must – Inf. (ắt hẳn): tiên đoán một sự việc xảy ra ở hiện tại và thể phủ
đònh của nó là Can’t Inf.
Eg. He must be tired. → He can’t be tired (not “Mustn’t”)
7.2 May / might: được dùng để nói về một sự việc hoặc hành động có thể

1 S + be + adj Possessive + noun
2 The / possessive +N+ be + adj The / possessive + adj + N
3 S + V (tenses ) + … ( Possessive ) + ( not ) + V-ing
@Nếu 2 mệnh đề nối với nhau bằng “BUT” . Khi viết lại câu với
Although / though , ta chỉ cần bỏ “BUT” rồi đưa although / though vào
mệnh đề đầu.
Because he is lazy , he often gets bad marks .
 Because of his laziness , he often gets bad marks .
Although she didn’t ask him , he helped her.
 In spite of her not asking him , he helped her.
@ It was raining heavily , but the boys were playing football.
Although/though It was raining heavily,the boys were playing
football.
Clauses and phrases of result : Mệnh đề và cụm từ chỉ kết quả.
1 @ Clauses of result :
* S + V + So + Adj / Adv + That + Clause.( S+ can / could + (not) +Verb
(bare infinitive)
)
. * S + V + Such + (A /An) + Adj + Noun + That + Clause.
2 @ Phrases of result :
* S + V + Too + Adj / Adv + ( For + Object ) + To Infinitive .
* S + V + Adj / Adv + Enough + ( For + Object ) + To Infinitive
* S + V + + Enough + Noun + ( For + Object ) + To Infinitive
đích.
@ Phrases of Purpose :
 Main clause + To / So as to / In order to + Verb ( bare infinitive ).
Main clause + Not to / So as not to / In order not to + Verb ( bare
@ Clauses of Purpose :
Main clause + so that / in order that + S + can / could (not)+
will / would

the airport, at home , at the
theatre , at school , at the
top / bottom , at the
beginning , at the shop , ,
station …
2. In
In + năm / tháng / mùa / buổi
In 1980 , in June , in Spring/
summer / autumn / winter ,in the
morning / afternoon / evening
Note : at night
In (ở trong ) : in the
dinning - room , in the desk
, in the box .
In + thành phố , đất nước ,
miền như in London , in
Vietnam, in the South, , in
the east , in the north …
3. On
On + ngày trong tuần ( on
Monday , …On Sunday )
On + ngày tháng (on June 10
th
)
On : ở trên ( on the table ,
on the floor , on TV/ radio ,
on the beach , on foot (đi
bộ )
.Prepositions + Noun
1.in time ( for sth / to do sth ) = early enough for sth / to do sth : đủ

- get up: thức dậy
- give back: tra lai
- give in: nhượng bộ, chịu thua
- give up: stop doing / having sth: ngưng,
từ bỏ
- glance at sb/ sth: take a quick look at:
- leave out : bỏ sót
- leave somewhere for. . .: rời
- look after : chăm sóc, trông nom
- look out : be careful
- look sth up: tra cứu
- look forward to : trơng chờ
- make up :bịa ra
- make up of : chiếm, tạo thành
- make use of : su dung
- pick up : nhat, don
- point at/ to sb/ sth: chỉ
- put away: dat cho khac
- put back: dat tro lai
- put off = call off : hỗn lại
- put on: mặc vào
-run into = come across : tinh co gap
- search sb/ sth for sb/ sth: khám, xét, tìm
-take after: resemble: trông giống như
- take off : cất cánh, cởi ra
- throw sth at sb/ sth: ném, chọi vào
- throw away: vứt, ném, liệng
- try out : test : thử nghiệm
- turn down: giam, khong chap nhan
12. Hình th ứ c V-ing theo sau:

me
not
not
not
dancing
cry
come late
to go to the
beach
to smoke
buying the car
7. opposite : đối diện
Be + Adj + Pre
1. be involved in : liên quan
2. ( be ) keen on : hăng hái
3. be helpful / useful / harmful to
4. be occupied … with : b. rộn = be
busy
5. be disappointed with: thất vọng
6.be interested in
7.be bored with = fed up with = be
tired of : chán # be tired from : mệt
vì
8. be absorbed in: say
9.be fond of
10.be crowded with
12.be afraid of
13.S-người + be good at # S-vật +
be good for
14.be different from

22. response to : phan ung
23. confide in : tam su
25. share .. with : chia se
26. complment on : khen ngoi
27. consist of : bao gom, gom co
28. be divided into : duoc chia thanh
28. be based on : dua tren
29. concentrate on : tap trung
30. speak to sb about/ of sb/ sth: nói
với ai về
32. talk to / with sb about/ of sb/ sth:
nói, bàn, thảo luận
33.write to sb: viết thư gởi ai
34. invite sb to/ for sth: mời
35. discuss sth with sb = have a
discussion about sth: thảo luận về
liếc nhìn
- go away: đđi khỏi
- go by : trôi qua ( time )-
- go off: nổ ( bomb ), bắn ( gun), gõ
- go on : tiếp tục
- go out: : tắt
- grown up: become an adult
- hurry up: làm nhanh
- keep on = continue : tiep tuc
- laugh at : chế nhạo
- leave off: dừng lại
D. Verb + Noun + prepositions
1. catch sight of : thấy, gặp
2. lose touch with : mất liên lạc