UNIT FIVE
THE N ATURE OF THIN GS

1. READING
VOCABULARY:
1. penguin /
/
peNgwin
/ (n): a black and white bird that lives by the ocean around Antarctica
and cannot fly: chim cánh ct
2. sweater /
/
swetC
/ (n): a warm piece of clothing that covers your upper body and arms: áo len
c chui
3. lover /
/
lVvC
/ (n): someone who likes or enjoys something very much: ngi thích thú hoc
a chung cái gì
4. save /
seIv/ (v): [transitive] to make it possible for someone or something to avoid danger,
harm, injury, etc.: cu vt, cu vãn
Campaigns to save the planet/whale: Các chin dch cu vãn hành tinh / cá heo
5. soak /
sCUk/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to make something very wet, or to become very
wet: thm nc
The rain soaked our clothes: Nc ma làm t áo chúng tôi.
6. knit /knIt/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to make something such as a piece of clothing
using wool and sticks called knitting needles: đan, dt
7. in response to: a reaction: đáp li

/ (v): a serious medical condition in which your body
temperature is very low: s gim th nhit
14. poisoning /
/
pcIZCnIN
/ (n): an occasion when someone is affected by poison: s nhim
đc
mushroom/mercury/chemical/alcohol poisoning: s nhim đc nm rôm / thy ngân/ hóa
cht / ru
15. woolens /
/
wUlCnz
/ (v): clothing made from wool, especially by KNITTING: qun áo len
16. ideal /
aI
/
di:Cl
/ (a): of the best or most appropriate type: lý tng
The fair provides an ideal opportunity for jobseekers and employers to meet: Hi ch to
c hi tuyt vI cho nhng ngi tìm vic và nhng nhà tuyn dng gp g nhau.
17. pick up: (phrasal verb) to get or obtain something: có đc, đt đc
18. broadcast /
/
brc:dkAst
/ (v): [intransitive or transitive] to send out messages or programs
to be received by radios or televisions: phát sóng, phát hình
19. demand /
dI
/
mAnd

4. wild /waIld/ (a): a wild animal or plant lives or grows on its own in natural conditions and
is not raised by humans: hoang dã
The wild rose is a familiar sight in woods and fields: Hoa hng di là hình nh quen
thuc trong nhng nhng cánh rng và đng c.
5. domesticate /
dC
/
mestIkeIt
/ (v): to train an animal to live with or work for humans: thun
hóa, thun chng
6. set aside (phrasal verb): to keep or save something from a larger amount or supply in order to
use it later for a particular purpose: đ riêng ra, đ dành
7. steppe /
step/ (n) a large area of land with grass but few trees, especially in SE Europe and
Siberia: tho nguyên 3. VOCABULARY: PREFIXES
VOCABULARY:
1. reintroduce /
ri:IntrC
/
dju:s
/ (v): to bring back something such as a law, system, or
benefit that had been stopped: REINSTATE: gii thiu
2. coexist /
kCUig
/
zIst
/ (v): to live or exist at the same time or in the same place: cùng sinh

re-, dis-, over-,
un-, mis-, out-
. The most common suffixes are: -ise, -en, -ate, -(i)fy. By far the most common
affix in academic English is
-ise.
Verbs
e.g. prefix + verb verb
Prefix Meaning Examples
re-
again or back
restructure, revisit, reappear, rebuild, refinance
dis-
reverses the meaning of the
verb
disappear, disallow, disarm, disconnect,
discontinue

over-
too much
overbook, oversleep, overwork
un-
reverses the meaning of the
verb
unbend, uncouple, unfasten
mis-
badly or wrongly
mislead, misinform, misidentify
out-
more or better than others
outperform, outbid

VOCABULARY:
1. national park: (n) a large area of land that is protected by the government to preserve its
natural beauty: vn quc gia
2. trash /trAS/ (n): AMERICAN waste material such as paper, plastic bags, used containers,
etc. British rubbish: rác ri, cn bã
3. bear /beC/ (n): a large wild animal with thick fur. There are several different types of bears,
for example the polar bear and the grizzly bear. A young bear is called a bear cub: gu
4. make a reservation: to book in advance: đt trc
5. lock /
lOk/ (v): [transitive] to fasten something such as a door or a container, usually with a
key, so that other people cannot open it: khóa
John went out and locked the door behind him: John đi ra ngòai và khóa ca li.
6. controversy /
/
kOntrCvE:sI
/ (n): a disagreement, especially about a public policy or a
moral issue that a lot of people have strong feelings about: vn đ gây tranh cãi
7. polarize /
/
pCUlCraIz
/ (v): to form two very different groups, opinions, or situations that
are completely opposite to each other, or to cause this to happen: hình thành hai nhóm xung đt
hoàn tòan đi lp nhau, phân cc
8. inhabitant /
In
/
hAbItCnt
/ (n): a person or animal that lives in a particular place: c dân
The city’s first inhabitants arrived in the 16th century: Nhng c dân đu tiên ca thành
ph đã đn đây vào th k th 16.

/ (n): the most important elected official in a town or city: th trng
14. park ranger /
po:k
/
reIndZC
/ (n): someone whose job is to take care of a forest,
national park, or state park: ngi bo v rng
15. shuttle bus: a bus, train, or airplane that makes frequent short trips between two places: xe
búyt, tàu đin, hoc máy bay đi li đu đn gia hai ni.
16. bike /
baIk/ (v): to ride somewhere on a bicycle: đi xe đp hoc xe máy
17. complain /
kCmp
/
leIn
/ (v): to say that you are not satisfied with something: phàn nàn,
than phin
18. pollute /
pC
/
lUt
/ (v): to make air, water, or land too dirty and dangerous for people to use
in a safe way: gây ô nhim
The oil spill has polluted the harbor: Vic tràn du đã làm ô nhim bn cng.
19. electric /
I
/
lektrIk/ (a): working by electricity: s dng nng lng đin,
an electric motor: mt môt đin
20. preserve /

you eat or drink it. Food can taste sweet like sugar, salty like salt, sour like a lemon, or bitter like
strong black coffee: hng v
I love the taste of chocolate: Tôi yêu thích hng v sôcôla.
26. shoot /Su:t/ (v): to fire a gun: bn, n súng
We were ordered not to shoot until he gave the signal: Chng nào anh y ra hiu chúng
tôi mi đc n súng. 5. LANGUAGE IN ACTION: ADVICE AND WARNINGS
VOCABULARY:
1. canoe /
kC
/
nu:
/ (v): to travel in a canoe: đi bng xung
2. life jackets /
laIf
/
dZAkIt

/ (n): something you wear on a boat to make you float if you
fall into the water by accident: áo cu đm
3. go on a camping trip: đi cm tri
4. plastic /
/
plAstIk
/ (n): [count or uncount] a very common light, strong substance produced
by a chemical process and used for making many different things: nha, cht do
5. sunscreen /
/

again because they are completely extinct: núi la
3. earthquake /
/
E:TkweIk
/ (n): a sudden shaking movement of the ground: đng đt
4. drought /
draUt/ (n): a long period of time when there is little or no rain and crops die: hn
hán
5. tornado /
tc:
/
neIdCU/ (n): a very strong wind that goes quickly around in a circle or
FUNNEL: lc xóay
6. heat wave /
hi:t weIv/ (n): a continuous period of hot weather: đt nng nóng
7. thunderstorm /
/
TVndC stc:m
/ (n): a heavy storm with THUNDER: bão có sm sét và
thng có ma to