Ch"¬ng 4 - kÕt cÊu thÐp !"
!"
#
#
#
Ch"¬ng 4
#
KÕt cÊu thÐp
#
!"#$%&'#($)*+,$-+,$./$-01#0$23!$
2!45$67#0($)*+,$-+,$89$.:#$2;<$
#
#
4.1. C¬ së thiÕt kÕ kÕt cÊu thÐp
4.1.1. Ph-¬ng ph¸p tÝnh kÕt cÊu thÐp theo tr¹ng th¸i giíi h¹n
$%&#'()#&*+,-#'./0#/*1#'2'#3456#7%&#'()#89:#;</0#7*2'#=7%&#'()#0>-#7%&#'()#?@&A/0#
'B&#&*+,-CCCD-#E1F'#&G/*#&42/#&*H4#,*1I/0#,*2,#&J5/0#&*26#06K6#*5/C#LJ4/0#7%&#'()#&*+,#
&J5/0#&*26#06K6#*5/#=LLMND#E1F'#'*6O#&*P/*#*O6#/*QRS#
T#U*QR#LLMN#&*V#/*(&S#WX#'1Y/0#EZ#WP#[/#E\/*C#
T#U*QR#LLMN#&*V#*O6S#WX#?6%/#;5/0#*4]'#'*):^/#W\C#
L*H4#/*QR#LLMN#&*V#/*(&-#E6X)#76_/#E^#7%&#'()#'Q#E`#7*a#/b/0#'*\)#3<'#WX#
'1Y/0#EZ#WP#[/#E\/*#E1F'#?6^)#;6c/#;1K6#;5/0#dO)S#
#U#e#
'
6/66/
U'/U'fg
Sg=Sg£F= #######################=hC"D#
&J4/0#EQS#
#U#T#/Z6#3<'#&G/*#&42/#;4#&[#*F,#&a6#&Ji/0#&G/*#&42/#?(F6#/*(&j#
#U
'#T#*_#dB#&[#*F,-#8+&#&K6#'2'#&a6#&Ji/0#3K/#/*(*A/0#8)(&#*6_/#Es/0#&*Y6j#
F
#T#7*a#/b/0#'*\)#3<'#'`O#7%&#'()#?q/0#&G'*#dB#'`O#E]'#&J1/0#*o/*#*i'#f#'`O#&6%&##
##;6_/#'()#76_/#WK6#'1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#g#'`O#Wp$_)#WP#*_#dB#E6X)#76_/#3PR##
##W6_'#
g
C#
! # ########sổ tay KTTL * Phần 1 - cơ sở kỹ thuật thủy lợi * Tập 2
t1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#g#'`O#Wp$_)S#
#g#e
'
W3
g
g
#
Wp:#'1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#g#?q/0#'1Y/0#EZ#&6@)#'*)l/#g
'
#'*6O#'*4#*_#dB#O/#&4P/#'`O#Wp&#
36_)#g
W3
C##
t1Y/0#EZ#&6@)#'*)l/#g
'
#3(:#?q/0#V/0#d)(&#'*a:#s
'
#
'`O#&*+,
#
7*6#&G/*#&*H4#06K6#*5/#
'*a:#WP#g
t2'#dB#36_)#'Q#36@/#r)O/#E%/#&*6%%#7%&#'()#&*+,#8HR#L6@)#'*)l/#&*6%%#T#$%&#
'()#&*+,#LtxU#yyzyT{"#*6_/#*P/*C#
#
4.1.2. Vật liệu thép dùng trong kết cấu
#
t2'#3456#&*+,#;|/0#3PR#7%&#'()#,*a6#3<O#'*i/#&*G'*#*F,#&)}#&*H4#RV'#EZ#r)O/#
&Ji/0#'`O#'A/0#&Jo/*-#E6X)#76_/#3PR#W6_'-#&G/*#'*(&#'`O#&a6#&Ji/0#WP#,*1I/0#,*2,#36@/#7%&C#
L*+,#;|/0#&J4/0#'2'#7%&#'()#'*\)#3<'#'~/#'*i/#3456#&*+,#3#MOJ&6/#*4]'#3#r)O:#&*[6#
A8:-#JQ&#dA6#*4]'#/mO#&ĩ/*-#&ĩ/*-#'Q#R2'#&1I/0#E1I/0#WK6#'2'#R2'#&*+,#ttL3h-#ttL38-#
ttLh #&*H4#L6@)#'*)l/#LtxU#"z6yS"{zy#WP#'2'#R2'#&1I/0#V/0#WK6#LtxU#yz!{S"{{3-#
'2'#R2'#&*+,#*F,#76R#&*(,#&*H4#LtxU#3"!hS"{z{C#L*+,#,*a6#E1F'#EaR#?a4#,*|#*F,#
WK6#'2'#&6@)#'*)l/#/@)#&J@/#'a#WX#&G/*#/b/0#'I#*i'#WP#'a#WX#&*P/*#,*~/#*42#*i'C##
L*+,#;|/0#E^#'*%#&54#,*~/#EZ/0#7%&#'()#WO/#'Q#&*^#;|/0S#
T##L*+,#'O'?4/S#ttL38Ty-#ttL38/y-#ttL38/M/yC#
T##L*+,#*F,#76R#&*(,S#!{M/ -#!{M/ f6-#"!M/ f6"-#"hM/ A-#"!tJf6U6-CCC#
#
t1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#'`O#Wp$_)#&*+,#'2/#&J4/0#'2'#&J5/0#&*26#V/0#d)(*2'#/*O)#
E1F'#&G/*#&*H4#'2'#'A/0#&*V'#'*4#ở#?a/0#hT"C##
Ch"¬ng 4 - kÕt cÊu thÐp !3
!3
3#=$>?@,$AB#=$C0;D$EFD$6G#0$DHI#=$6J$C7#0$C&F#$DK<$C0LM$DF#
!"#$%&'()%*#$%+,-&%./%')0,%123#$%45%&6#'%&7(#%
8%.97:%#9#%;<%,=#%
>%
>%?%s
@
Ag
;B%
@B%
>
@B%
?%D:DWEs
Q
Ag
;B%
#
Chó thÝchS#g
W3
#T#*_#dB#O/#&4P/#WX#Wp$_)-#3(:#?q/0#"-!y#'*4#Ri6#R2'#&*+,C#
#
t1Y/0#EZ#&6@)#'*)l/#WP#'1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#'`O#RZ&#dB#3456#&*+,#'O'?4/#&*A/0#
;n/0#'*4#ë#?a/0#hT -#'`O#&*+,#*F,#76R#&*(,#'*4#ë#?a/0#hT3C#t1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#'`O#
RZ&#dB#3456#&*+,#;|/0#E^#'*%#&54#7%&#'()#'*\)#3<'#'`O#,*~/#EZ/0#'mO#WO/#&J4/0#'A/0#
&Jo/*#&*`:#3F6#V/0#WK6#&[#*F,#&a6#&Ji/0#'I#?a/#WP#E∙#8+&#&K6#E6X)#76_/#3PR#W6_'#'`O#7%&#
'()-#'Q#&*^#&*OR#7*a4#?a/0#hThC#
#
3#=$>?N,$AHI#=$6J$C!"5$D05O#$P1$DHI#=$6J$C7#0$C&F#$DK<$C0LM$D<DQ&#$$
$$$R-A.S$TUVW(@WWXY$$$$$$$$$$
123#$%45%&)K,%@',X#%>
@
%;<%@23#$%45%&6#'%&7(#%>%
@YZ%&'9H%;[)%45%\<]%d^II_:%^`aZ_%
d%£%WD%WD%b%d%£%cD%cD%b%d%£%dDD%
`(@%&'9H%
s
@%
>%
WdD%
WgD%
gcD%
gFD%
cWD%
#
Chó thÝchS##T#$*6#&G/*#&*H4#06K6#*5/#'*a:#g
'#
e#s
'
j#
###################T#$*6#&G/*#&*H4#06K6#*5/#?X/#g
'#
e#s
?
j#
###################T#"#MkO#e#"#U/RR
#e#"!#;OU/'R
C#
############
3#=$>?X,$AHI#=$6J$C!"5$D05O#$P1$DHI#=$6J$C7#0$C&F#$DK<$C0LM$0ZM$[!\$C0]M$$$$$$$$
123#$%45%&)K,%@',X#%>
@
%;<%@23#$%45%&6#'%&7(#%>%@YZ%&'9H%;[)%45%\<]%d ^II_:%^`aZ_%
d%£%WD%WDb%d%£%gD%gD%b%d%£%hD%
`(@%%
&'9H
EdD%
WiE%
gWE%
gDE%
gdE%
gcE%
gDD%
ggD%
gDD%
gdD%
gED%
cED%
chD%
cFD%
ckD%
EDD%
WFE%
gdE%
WFE%
WiE%
ggE%
8%
8%
WiD%
WiD%
gcD%
8%
8%
ckD%
chD%
')0,
p'qI%d%~%c%
p'qI%h%
p'qI%d~c%%
p'qI%h%
- K97:%#9#%\r@%&!S@%%
- .97:%#9#%N')%,=#%%
- 1C&%
8%éH%IJ&%BK#%4L,%IM&%N')%&O%+(&
%
>%
>
,
%
>
@
%
%>
PI%
dci:D%
dEh:E%
Fi:E%
WWg:D%
dhF%
dkh%
dDd%
WEd%
Wdc%
WWE%
dWi%
%8%p9#:%N97%;<%,=#%N')%N)tI%&!Z%@'-&%B2u#$%@YZ%423#$%
%
%%%'<#%Qv#$%@(@%H'2w#$%H'(H%&'e#$%&'23#$%
>
'
%>
'%
?%D:FE>%
y<#%4=)%4L,%
8%1C&%
h
c
R
%
h
c
R %?%>
@%
%% 'P7%N)I%B7")%@YZ%I=)%'<#%
h
g
R
%
h
g
R ?%D:EE
*
?
s
Ag
h
b
s <#y{!#MkOC#
Ch"¬ng 4 - kÕt cÊu thÐp !y
!y
3#=$>?j,$AHI#=$6J$[L&$6;C$C!"5$D05O#$
s
0
Q
$P1$DHI#=$6J$C7#0$C&F#$
0
=
k
$
$$$$$$$$$$DK<$[!\$`&'!$01#$Ce&#=$\i!$01#$=lD$Rh)<Y$
#
{7")%z,P%'<#%%
&'P7% 1|p%gWWg}diic%
123#$%45%N97%4*&%&)K,%@',X#%
h
b
s ^`aZ_%
123#$%45%&6#'%&7(#%%
h
g
R %^`aZ_%
pcW:%pcW8hl%
pch:%pch8hl%
pED:%pED8hl%
R
%
dci%dhF%Wdc%Wcd%
p9#%
h
n
R %
dEh:E%dhF%Wdc%Wcd%
~=#%
h
u
R %
Fi:E%dkh%WWE%WEc%
•=)%4L,
%
1C&%
h
c
R %
WWg%dDd%dWi%dcE%
%%.97:%#9#:%,=#:%@C&%N')%N)tI%
%
%%&!Z%@'-&%B2u#$%Qv#$}%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
!"#$%&'()%%
*#$%+,-&
%
./%
')0,%
cGh:%EGh:%hGh%cGF:%EGF%FGF:%dDGi%
ÐH%IJ&%@YZ%@-,%N)0#%
Qv#$%&'9H%@q%s
@%
b%ccD%`aZ
%
1C&%
b
c
R
%
b
b
b
c
38,0R s=
%
b
b
b
c
4,0R s=
%
b
b
%
%%%ZG%l,Be#$%@q%45%@'6#'%U(@%@Z7%
%
%%%QG%l,Be#$%@q%45%@'6#'%U(@%QO#'%&'23#$%;<%Q,Be#$%&'e
%
b
b
b
em
)
E
3405,0(R s
s
+=
%
b
b
b
em
)
E
2805,0(R s
s
+=
%
#
3#=$>?W,$AHI#=$6J$C7#0$C&F#$DK<$Q5`B#=$D0G5$[L&$P1$D0G5$DnC$
#
123#$%45%&6#'%&7(#%@YZ%@(@%B7")%Q,Be#$%^`aZ_%;[)%@-H%45%Qf#%
!"#$%&'()%
gcE%
gEE%
ghE%
gkD%
gFD%
giD%
cDD%
ghE%
gFE%
cDD%
cdD%
cgD%
ccE%
chE%
ggE%
gED%
ghE%
gkD%
gFE%
cDD%
cdE%
Ch"ơng 4 - kết cấu thép !z
!z
4.2. Tính toán các cấu kiện kết cấu thép
4.2.1. Cấu kiện chịu uốn
- Kiểm tra độ bền '`O#'()#76_/#'*\)#)B/#&J4/0#RZ&#R]&#,*ẳ/0#'*G/*#E1F'#&6%/#
*P/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
# R
W
g
{7")%@-,%N)0#%
y0%+=%g%
%8%sLI%QS#$%4J@%;<%@(@%&'Z#'%@'m,%#9#%&!7#$%\<#%@YZ%+<#%#'ữ#$%H'ò#$%B[#G%
%8%15&%@YZ%@(@%#'<%@e#$%@5#$%;<%@YZ%&'(H%#2[@G%
%8%1(@%&'Z#'%QS#$%@'m,%#9#%&)T&%\)0#%@'ữ% %$'9H%Qv#$%'Z)%&'9H%$q@%@YZ%\<#%I()%;<%\<#%4ỡ%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%+<#%N')%45%In#'%B[#%'w#%'7J@%Qv#$%hDG%
%8%sLI%QS#$%4J@%N')%&6#'%&7(#%R#%4m#'%&R#$%&'tG%
%8% 'Z#'%@V#$:%&'Z#'%N97:%&'Z#'%&!P7:%&'Z#'%#P7%42u@%B<I%&ừ%&'9H%@(#G%
%8%1(@%@-,%N)0#%@YZ%NT&%@-,%&'Z#'%ở%I()%;<%+<#G%
%8%1(@%&'Z#'%@'m,%#9#%BLI%Qv#$%I5&%&'9H%$q@%42u@%B)K#%NT&%&!K#%I5&%@(#'G%
D:i%
D:iE%
%
D:FD%
D:iE%
D:iD%
D:iE%
D:kE%
#
Chú thíchS#t2'#*_#dB#g#<#"#7*6#&G/*#&42/#7*A/0#8+&#'|/0#RZú'C#
#
ã#$6^R#&JO#EZ#?X/#&56#R]&#'ắ&#'Q#RARH/#WP#3<'#'ắ&#EX)#7*2#3K/#&*H4#V/0#d)(&#
&1I/0#E1I/0S#
#
&;""
3"-"yg
s=s+tÊ ##############################=hChD#
#
ã#$6^R#&JO#EZ#?X/#'`O#?a/#?n/0#;~R#&56#R]&#'ắ&#'Q#E]<'#&p,#&J)/0#'n'#?Z#&*H4#
'A/0#&*V'#dO)#E9:S#
# R15,13
2
11cb
2
cb
2
1td
Êt+ss-s+s=s ################=hC6D#
&J4/0#EQS#
s
"
-#
t
"
#T#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hCyD#&56#R]&#'ắ&#E]<'#&p,#&J)/0j##
s
'?#
T#V/0#d)(&#'n'#?Z#;4#&a6#&Ji/0#&p,#&J)/0#k#E]&#ở#'2/*#&J@/#'`O#;~R#WP#&56#EQ##
####?a/#?n/0#;~R#7*A/0#'Q#d1Y/#06O#'1Y/0-#E1F'#&G/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'S#
#
Z
P
b
cb
d
=s ###############################################=hCzD#
WK6#Z#3P#'*6X)#;P6#r):#1K'#'*\)#&a6#'`O#?a/#?n/0#;~RS#
&J4/0#EQS#
b
#T#*_#dB#,*n#&*)Z'#WP4#&a6#&Ji/0#WP#36@/#7%&#ở#*O6#E~)#;~R-#WK6#;~R#EI/#'*\)##
##&a6#&Ji/0#,*9/#?B#EX)#
b
e#y/h8-#WK6#;~R#EI/#'*\)#&a6#&p,#&J)/0#ở#06uO#/*\,##
##
b
e#"/" j#
'
RO8
MT#RARH/#)B/#3K/#/*(&#;4#&a6#&Ji/0#&6@)#'*)l/#d6/*#JOj#
vfw#T#EZ#Wõ/0#06K6#*5/#'`O#'()#76_/#'*\)#)B/#'*4#ở#?a/0#hT" C#
#
3#=$>?@N,$8J$Pt#=$=!u!$0'#$vwx$DK<$D]5$[!4#$D0G5$5i#$
#
1(@%@-,%N)0#%@YZ%NT&%@-,%5%;õ#$%$)[)%'"#%[f]
%
dG%sLI%@'6#'%&!7#$%@oZ%;Z#}%%
%%%%%%8%1oZ%;Z#%â,%&',]f#%&'23#$%U,]K#%@e#$%&(@%&!7#$%\ò#$%@'n]G%
%%%%%%8%1oZ%;Z#%@'6#'%@YZ%4xH%@e#$%&(@%&!7#$%\ò#$%@'n]G%
%
{AkDD%
{AhDD%
WG%sLI%H'S%&!7#$%@oZ%;Z#%{AWED%
gG%sLI%4ỡ%@L,%&!S@}%
%%%%%%8%1L,%&!S@%@'T%45%B<I%;)0@%#'ẹ:%@L,%&!S@%\ẫ#%45#$%Qv#$%&Z]%
%%%%%%8%1L,%&!S@%@'T%45%B<I%;)0@%;ừZ%
%%%%%%8%1L,%&!S@%@'T%45%B<I%;)0@%#J#$%
#
ĐB6#WK6#;~R#&6%&#;6_/#'*u#I#'Q#*O6#&Jn'#EB6#8V/0-#E^#82'#E\/*#*_#dB#j
;
#'~/#,*a6#
&G/*#*_#dB#j
"
#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'S#
#
:
"
84
J
*E
JL g
ổử
j=y
ỗữ
ốứ
#####################################=hC"!D#
"!# ########sổ tay KTTL * Phần 1 - cơ sở kỹ thuật thủy lợi * Tập 2
&J4/0#EQS#
y
#T#*_#dB#3(:#&*H4#?a/0#hT"3-#,*n#&*)Z'#WP4#36@/#7%&#'`O#;~R#ở#'2'#0B6#&<O-#WP4####
##;5/0#WP#W\#&JG#&a6#&Ji/0#&2'#;n/0#3@/#;~R#WP#&*OR#dB#
a
C##
#
3#=$>?@X,$24$%i$
y
y%?%d:h%+%D:DFa%
y%?%E:DE%+%D:Dia%
y%?%g:dE%+%D:Dca - 2,7.10
-5
a
2
%
y%?%E:gE%+%D:Dca - 2,7.10
-5
a
2
%
1q%W%'7J@%#')f,%
@=%NT&%^*_%
l-&%Nỳ%l-&%Nỳ%
y%?%W:WE%+%D:Dka% y%?%g:h%+%D:Dca - 3,5.10
-5
a
2
%
xH%&!,#$%ở%
$)ữZ%#'mH%
l-&%Nỳ%
y%?%d:kEy
d%
y%?%d:kEy
d%
xH%&!,#$%ở%
dAc%#'mH%
1(#'%&!K#%
#
Chú thíchS##
#########T#LJ\#dB#y
"
#3(:#?q/0#y#7*6#'2/*#/+/#'`O#;~R#'Q#&ừ#*O6#'B#7%&#&Jở#3@/#&J4/0#/*\,C#
#########T#=*D#t2'#E6^R#'B#7%&#'*6O#/*\,#&*P/*#/*u/0#,*~/#?q/0#/*O)C##
#
xK6#;~R#'*u#I#&*o#&*OR#dB#a#E1F'#&G/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'S#
#
74
:
JL
"-yh
J *
ổử
a=
ỗữ
ốứ
##########################################=hC""D#
&J4/0#EQS#
J
8
#T#RARH/#r)2/#&G/*#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#8-#3P#&Jn'#W)A/0#0Q'#WK6#R]&#,*ẳ/0#)B/##
###'`O#;~Rj#
J
:
#T#RARH/#r)2/#&G/*#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#:-#3P#&Jn'#/qR#&J4/0#R]&#,*ẳ/0#?a/#?n/0##
###'`O#;~Rj#
*
#Ê#!-8y-#3(: j
;#
e#j
"
j#'/#/%)#j
"
#>#!-8y-#3(: j
;#
e#!-68#+#!- "#j
"#
Ê#"C#
$*A/0#'~/#76^R#&JO#[/#E\/*#&[/0#&*^#'`O#;~R#7*6#&a6#&Ji/0#&J):X/#r)O#dP/#E]'#
'V/0-#&<O#36@/#&n'#3@/#'2/*#'*\)#/+/#'`O#;~R#WP#36@/#7%&#'*]&#WK6#;~R#=L
4#
e#!DC#
#
3#=$>?@>,$hB\{#$|5F#$C7#0$E&n#$}
[
$DK<$C!aC$^!4#$C0LM$0f#0$D0y$z$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$RC0{&$
G
~A-$mNXW?UNY$
#
Ip
7%
J
N
^@I
c
_% Ip
WD%
WDZ%
WW%
WWZ%
Wc%
WcZ%
h:iW%
k:ic%
F:hD%
i:kk%
dd:d%
dW:F%
Wk%
WkZ%
gD%
gDZ%
gg%
gh%
dg:h%
dh:k%
dk:c%
WD:g%
Wg:F%
gd:c%
cD%
cE%
ED%
EE%
hD%
%
#
- Kiểm tra ứng suất tDơng đDơng trong bản bụng của dầm#ở#*O6#R]&#,*ẳ/0#)B/#
'*G/*#'./0#E1F'#&6%/#*P/*#&*H4#'2'#'A/0#&*V'#=hChD#WP#=hC6DC#
- Kiểm tra ổn định cục bộ của bản cánh dầm:
Đ6X)#76_/#E^#?a/#'2/*#;~R#'*\)#/+/#7*A/0#?\#R(&#[/#E\/*#'n'#?ZS#
#
4
'
?
E
!-y
g
Ê
d
#########################################=hC"hD#
WK6#;~R#'*u#I#*P/#&*o#?
4
#3P#7*4a/0#'2'*#&ừ#?6@/#'`O#?a/#?n/0#&K6#R+,#'`O#?a/#'2/*C#
" # ########sổ tay KTTL * Phần 1 - cơ sở kỹ thuật thủy lợi * Tập 2
- Kiểm tra ổn định cục bộ của bản bụng dầm:
Ba/#?n/0#'`O#;~R#'~/#06O#'1Y/0#?q/0#'2'#d1Y/#/0O/0#=EV/0D#/%)#062#&J\#EZ#Ra/*#
r):#1K'#'`O#?a/#?n/0# 2,3
E
R
h
b
o
b
>
d
#
#
2f#0$>?N,$ s#=$^c\$6HZD$=!<$DHI#=$Q#=$DFD$%HI#$#=<#=$
#
#
$6^R#&JO#[/#E\/*#'n'#?Z#'2'#A#?a/#?n/0#;~R#'Q#&6%&#;6_/#EB6#8V/0-#7*6#'*ỉ#E1F'#
06O#'1Y/0#?q/0#'2'#d1Y/#/0O/0#WP#EZ#Ra/*#r):#1K'#'`O#?a/#?n/0#
b
l Ê#6-#'~/#E1F'#&6%/#
*P/*#&*H4#'2'#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S##
a. Khi không có lực tập trung (ứng suất cục bộ
s
cb
=0):
#
44
ổửổử
st
+Êg
ỗữỗữ
st
ốứốứ
##=hC"yD#
&J4/0#EQS#
g#T#*_#dB#E6X)#76_/#3PR#W6_'-#3(:#&*H4#?a/0#hT""j#
s
4
#T#V/0#d)(&#,*2,#&K6#*5/#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S##
############################
'
-#d
'
#T#'*6X)#JZ/0#WP#'*6X)#;P:#'`O#?a/#'2/*#'*\)#/+/j
b#T#*_#dB#3(:#&*H4#?a/0#hT"6C#
#
3#=$>?@T,$*!F$CeG$04$%i$D
&$
&%D:F%d:D%W:D%c:D%h:D%dD:D%gD%
@
7%
gD:D%gd:E%gg:g%gc:h%gc:F%gE:d%gE:E%
#
3#=$>?@j,$*!F$CeG$04$%i$
b
sLI%)f,%N)0#%B<I%;)0@%@YZ%@(#'%@'m,%#9#%
y0%+=%b%
1L,%&!S@%
8%>Z]%42u@%'<#%;<7%@(#'%#9#%
8%>Z]%42u@%'<#%;<7%@(#'%#9#%
W%
Ơ%
1(@%\LI%N'(@%
8%.')%@q%+<#%@*#$%4J&%B)K#%&S%&!K#%@(#'%#9#%
8% !7#$%&!23#$%'uH%N'(@%
Ơ%
D:F%
Chú thích}%=)%;[)%\LI%@L,%&!S@%N')%@q%Bự@%&xH%&!,#$%4J&%ở%@(#'%@'m,%N97:%B-]%b?D:FG%
#
t
#*4]'#ODj#
m#T#&ỷ#dB#06uO#'5/*#3K/#&J@/#'5/*#/*ỏ#'`O#A#?a/#?n/0j#
s, t#T#V/0#d)(&#/+/#ở#?6@/#WP#V/0#d)(&#&6%,#&J)/0#?o/*#'`O#A#?a/#?n/0#76^R##
####################&JO-#E1F'#&G/*#&*H4#'2'#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
####
8
M
:
J
s= #########
??
Q
*
t=
d
#=hC !D#
&J4/0#EQS#
:#T#7*4a/0#'2'*#&ừ#&Jn'#&J)/0#*4P#E%/#&*K#'*\)#/+/#8O#/*(&#'`O#?a/#?n/0j#
*
?
#T#'*6X)#'O4#&4P/#?Z#'`O#?a/#?n/0j#
M#WP#Q#T#062#&J\#&J)/0#?o/*#&1I/0#V/0#'`O#RARH/#WP#3<'#'ắ&#&J4/0#,*5R#W6##
##########################'`O#A-#/%)#'*6X)#;P6#'`O#A#3K/#*I/#'*6X)#'O4#&G/*#&42/#*
4
#'`O#/Q##
##########################&*o# M#WP#Q#E1F'#&G/*#'*4#,*~/#A#'*\)#3<'#3K/#*I/#'Q#'*6X)#;P6##
##########################?q/0#'*6X)#'O4#*
4
#'`O#AC#U%)#&J4/0#,*5R#W6#'`O#A#RARH/#WP#3<'##
##########################'ắ&#E[6#;()#&*o#062#&J\#&J)/0#?o/*#'`O#'*ú/0#E1F'#&G/*#&J@/#,*~/#'Q###
'?
#T#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hCzDj#
s
4
-#s
'?-4
#T#E1F'#82'#E\/*#/*1#dO)S#
ã#U%)#O/*
4#
Ê#!-8#&*o#s
4
#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC"6D-#'/#s
'?-4
#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#
&*V'S#
#
"
'?-4
O
'g
s=
l
#=hC D#
##############WK6#########
O
?
Og
E
l=
'?-4
#&G/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC D#&J4/0#EQ#/%)#
O/*
4
> #&*o#3(:#O#e# *
4
C#
ã#U%)#O/*
4#
>#!-8#WP#&ỉ#dB#s
'?
/s#7*A/0#3K/#*I/#062#&J\#vs
'?
/sw#&J4/0#?a/0#hT"z-#&*o#s
4
#
82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC"6D#WP# s
'?-4
#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC D#/*1/0#&*O:#O#
?q/0#O/ #'a#&J4/0#'A/0#&*V'#&G/*#
a
l 'a#7*6#&JO#?a/0#hT"z#E^#&oR#*_#dB#'
"
C#
3#=$>?@U,$*!F$CeG$04$%i$D
@
$6i!$Pu!$^c\$01#
G)(%&!m%@YZ%@
d
dk:D%
dF:D%
WD:c%
Wd:h%
WW:d%
WW:E%
WW:i%
WW:d%
WE:k%
WF:d%
Wi:d%
gD:D%
gd:D%
Wk:d%
gW:d%
gh:g%
gF:g%
gi:k%
cd:h%
gW:h%
gi:W%
cE:W%
cF:k%
Ed:D%
Eg:F%
gF:i%
ch:E%
Ec:i%
Ei:c%
hg:g%
c%
h%
dD%
%gD%
D%
D%
D%
D%
D%
D%
D:dch%
D:dDi%
D:DkW%
D:Dhh%
D:DEi%
D:Dck%
D:dFg%
D:dhi%
D:dWi%
D:dWk%
D:dWW%
D:ddW%
D:Whk%
D:Wkk%
D:WFd%
D:WFF%
D:Wih%
D:gDD%
D:gEi%
D:cDh%
%W:D%
@
W%
gD:D
%
gk:D%gi:W%cE:W%EW:F%hW:W%kW:h%Fc:k%
#
#
4.2.2. Cấu kiện chịu kéo đúng tâm và chịu nén đúng tâm
4.2.2.1. Tính toán độ bền
$6^R#&JO#EZ#?X/#'2'#'()#76_/#'*\)#7+4#*4]'#'*\)#/+/#Eú/0#&9R#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
&*
U
g
F
s=Ê
#=hC yD#
&J4/0#EQS#
U#T#3<'#;i'#&G/*#&42/j#
F
&*
#T#;6_/#&G'*#&6%&#;6_/#&*)#*ẹ,#'`O#'()#76_/j#
g#T#'1Y/0#EZ#&G/*#&42/#7*6#'*\)#7+4#*4]'#'*\)#/+/#'`O#&*+,-#3(:#&*H4#?a/0#hT"C#
#
4.2.2.2. Tính toán ổn định tổng thể
$6^R#&JO#[/#E\/*#&[/0#&*^#'2'#'()#76_/#'*\)#/+/#Eú/0#&9R#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
U
g
l
%>%c:E%
33
=y"D
j=
l-l
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%^cGWk@_%%
Chú thích:%5%In#'%z,]%2[@%
l
%U(@%4m#'%&'P7%@e#$%&'*@%^cGWF_%
#
3#=$>?N@,$24$%i$5i#$^ọD$
j
DK<$D]5$[!4#$D0G5$#L#$6ú#=$Câ\$
y0%+=%j%4=)%;[)%@(@%@-,%N)0#%Qv#$%&'9H%@q%@23#$%45%&6#'%&7(#%>%^`aZ_%
5%In#'%
l%
WDD%WcD%WFD%gWD%ghD%cDD%ccD%cFD%EWD%EhD%
dD%
WD%
gD%
cD%
ED%
hD%
kD%
FD%
iD%
dDD%
ddD%
did%
dkc%
dhD%
iFk%
ihW%
igd%
Fic%
FEW%
FDE%
kEc%
hFh%
hdW%
EcW%
ckF%
cdi%
ghc%
gdE%
Wkh%
Wcc%
WkF%
dih%
dkk%
dhd%
dck%
dgE%
iFE%
iEi%
iWc%
FFg%
Fgh%
WcD%
Wdd%
dFk%
dhk%
dED%
dgh%
dWc%
ddg%
dDc%
iFg%
iEW%
idd%
Fhg%
FDi%
kci%
hEc%
Ehh%
cFg%
cDF%
ggF%
WFk%
Wck%
WdE%
dFi%
dhk%
dED%
dgE%
dWW%
ddd%
dDW%
EDd%
cdg%
ggE%
WFD%
Wgk%
WDc%
dkF%
dEk%
dgi%
dWE%
ddW%
dDW%
Dig%
DFE%
Dkk%
iFD%
icg%
FiE%
Fgi%
kkE%
hkW%
EhF%
ckd%
gFD%
gDi%
WEF%
Wdi%
dFi%
dhc%
dcE%
igF%
FkF%
FWE%
kch%
hWF%
EdF%
cdc%
gWh%
Whk%
WWg%
diD%
dhg%
dcg%
dWh%
ddW%
dDD%
Did%
DFW%
DkE%
Dhi%
Dhc%
Chú thích:%G)(%&!m%j%&!7#$%Qn#$%4ã%42u@%&V#$%BK#%dDDD%BL#%
#
Ch"¬ng 4 - kÕt cÊu thÐp "z
"z
§Z#Ra/*#l #WP#EZ#Ra/*#r):#1K'#
l
#'`O#'()#76_/#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
m%?%W% m%?%d:dW% m%?%d m%?%DGkWE m%?%D:k m%?%D:E
#
§B6#WK6#'Z&#&J4/0#7*)/0#RZ&#&~/0#RZ&#/*\,#'*9/#7*)/0#36@/#7%*K,#*4]'#/0PR-#
7*6#;~R#36@/#7%&#'V/0#WK6#'Z&#WP#&a6#&Ji/0#&2'#;n/0#&56#'2'#/ó*)/0#&*o#*_#dB#'*6X)#;P6#
&G/*#&42/#m E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC3"D#WP#=hC3 D-#,*n#&*)Z'#WP4#&û#dB#06uO#EZ#
'V/0#&1I/0#EB6#'`O#;~R#WP#'Z&#&G/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
;;'
';'
6JL
7
6LJ
==´#=hC3!D#
&J4/0#EQS#
J
h
-#J
'
#T#RARH/#r)2/#&G/*#'`O#&6%&#;6_/#;~R#WP#'`O#'Z&#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#W)A/0#0Q'##
####################WK6#R]&#,*¼/0#'`O#7*)/0j#
L
h
-#L
'
#T#'*6X)#;P6#;~R#WP#'*6X)#'O4#'Z&#&J4/0#7*)/0C#
3#=$>?NX,$24$%i$0!45$D0ỉ#0$D0!o5$^1!$C7#0$C&F#$
m
o
$6i!$Pu!$DJC$Dl$C!aC$^!4#$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$C0<g$6ổ!$C0{&$D0!o5$D<&$
ỷ%+=%J
I)#
AJ
IZU%
jw%4ồ%&'Z#'%
Q,]%B,x&%
%
Q)T#%4R)%
%
@YZ%J%
"
L
L
%
D:Dd
%
D:d
%
D:W
%
DGc
%
DGh
%
d:di
%
d:dd
%
d:DE
%
d:Dd
%
d:DD
%
d:dW
%
d:Dk
%
d:Dc
%
d:Dd
%
d:DD
%
d:Dk
%
d:Dc
%
d:DW
%
d:Dd
%
d:DD
%
%
d:kE
%
d:gE
%
d:cE
%
d:cF
%
d:Wd
%
d:Wc
%
d:WE
%
d:dg
%
d:dg
%
d:dc
%
d:DE
%
d:DE
%
d:Dh
%
d:DD
%
d:DD
U
ổử
=+
ỗữ
ốứ
#=hC3hD#
WP#7*6#&6%/#*P/*#76^R#&JO#[/#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC 6D#'~/#,*a6#3(:#U#e#U
"
C#
#
3#=$>?N>,$A0!o5$^1!$C7#0$C&F#$L
&$
DK<$DFD$C0<#0$^1#$M0ẳ#=$
#
1')f,%\<)%&6#'%&7(#%{
D%
a'2w#$%,=#%\r@%
'Z#'%@(#'%
'Z#'%U)K#%%
;<%&'Z#'%4*#$%ở%$=)%
1(@%&'Z#'%QS#$%
N'(@%
8% !7#$%IJ&%H'ẳ#$%\<#%
8%p$7<)%IJ&%H'ẳ#$%\<#%
{%
{
d%
{%
{
d%
"
-#l
#'`O#&ừ/0#/*2/*#J6@/0#Jẽ#06uO#
'2'#?a/#06q/0#7*A/0#E1F'#3K/#*I/#h!-#'/#&J4/0#'2'#'Z&#J>/0#&*O/*#06q/0#&*o#EZ#Ra/*#
'`O#'2'#/*2/*#J6@/0#Jẽ#06uO#'2'#Rắ*A/0#E1F'#3K/#*I/#8!#WP#7*A/0#E1F'#W1F&#r)2#EZ#
Ra/*#&1I/0#E1I/0#l
&E
#'`O#&4P/#'Z&C#
#
!# ########sổ tay KTTL * Phần 1 - cơ sở kỹ thuật thủy lợi * Tập 2
3#=$>?NT,$AB#=$C0;D$C7#0$6J$\3#0$CHq#=$6Hq#=$
l
C6$
5%In#'%&2w#$%42w#$%l
&4%
@YZ%&'Z#'%&R%'uH%!ỗ#$%
jw%4ồ%&)T&%\)0#%
|[)%Qn#%$)v#$%N')%#%Ê%D:W%%
|[)%&'Z#'%$)v#$%
%
{7")%&)T&%\)0#%d%
&;
::"
l=l+l
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%^cGgEZ_%
&;
::"
8"
Ch"¬ng 4 - kÕt cÊu thÐp "
"
t2'#7ý#*6_)#&J4/0#'A/0#&*V'S#
l
:
#T#EZ#Ra/*#'`O#&*O/*#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#a4#:T:j#
l
"
-#l
#T#EZ#Ra/*#'`O#&õ/0#/*2/*#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#"T"#WP# T #06uO#*O6#R+,#&J4/0##
#######################'`O#?a/#06q/0#7*6#;|/0#36@/#7%&#*P/#*4]'#06uO#*O6#E6/*#&2/#ë#?6@/j#
F#T#;6_/#&G'*#&6%&#;6_/#'`O#&4P/#&*O/*j#
F
8"
-# F
8
#T#;6_/#&G'*#&6%&#;6_/#'2'#&*O/*#86@/#'`O#*_#06q/0#=7*6#*_#06q/0#'*u##
##########################&*p,#'Q# #&*O/*#86@/D#/qR#&J4/0#R]&#,*¼/0#&*¼/0#0Q'#WK6#'2'#&Jn'###
##########################&1I/0#V/0#"T"#WP# T j#
a
"
-#a
#T#'2'#*_#dB#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#a#e#"!O
3
/?
3j#
/
#T#RARH/#r)2/#&G/*#'`O#&6%&#;6_/#'2'#/*2/*#EB6#WK6#'2'#&Jn'#&1I/0#V/0##
####################"T"#WP# T #=EB6#WK6#&6%&#;6_/#3456# #'Q# #&Jn'#a4Dj#
##J
?
#T#RARH/#r)2/#&G/*#&6%&#;6_/#'`O#RZ&#?a/#06q/0#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#?a/#&*9/#8T8j#
##J
?"
-#J
? #
T#RARH/#r)2/#&G/*#&6%&#;6_/#'`O#?a/#06q/0-#/qR#&J4/0#'2'#R]&#,*¼/0##
#########################&*¼/0#0Q'#WK6#'2'#&Jn'#&1I/0#V/0#"T"#WP# T #=EB6#WK6#3456#&6%&#;6_/# Dj#
#######?
"
-#?
#T#7*4a/0#'2'*#06uO#'2'#&Jn'#'`O#/*2/*-#/qR#&J4/0#'2'#R]&#,*¼/0#&*¼/0###
############################0Q'#WK6#'2'#&Jn'#&1I/0#V/0#"T"#WP# T #=EB6#WK6#3456#&6%&#;6_/# DC#
#
t2'#&*O/*#06q/0#WP#?a/#06q/0#'`O#'()#76_/#&[#*F,#'*\)#/+/#Eó/0#&9R#E1F'#&G/*#
&42/#'*\)#3<'#'¾&#r):#1K'#Q
4
#'46#/*1#7*A/0#E[6#&J@/#&4P/#'*6X)#;P6#&*O/*#WP#E1F'#82'#
E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)#E9:S#
#
6
4
EU
Qz-"y"!= 33!D
g
= #=hC38D#
&J4/0#EQS#
Q
J
#T#3<'#'¾&#r):#1K'#&2'#;n/0#3@/#RZ&#*_#06q/0#&J4/0#RZ&#R]&#,*¼/0#=/%)##
#################'2'#*_#06q/0#E]&#&J4/0#*O6#R]&#,*¼/0#&*o#Q
J
e#Q
4
/ Dj#
L
'
#T#7*4a/0#'2'*#&J)/0#&9R#06uO#*O6#?a/#06q/0j#
?#T#7*4a/0#'2'*#06uO#'2'#&Jn'#'`O#/*2/*C#
# ########sổ tay KTTL * Phần 1 - cơ sở kỹ thuật thủy lợi * Tập 2
t2'#&*O/*#06q/0#'`O#'Z&#J>/0#'~/#E1F'#&G/*#/*1#'2'#&*O/*#?n/0#'`O#;P/-#3<'#;i'#
&J4/0#&*O/*#?n/0#86@/#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
J
&8
&
Q
U
/d6/
=
a
#=hC3{D#
&J4/0#EQS#
/
#T#;6_/#&G'*#&6%&#;6_/#'`O#RZ&#/*2/*j##
F
8
#T#;6_/#&G'*#&6%&#;6_/#'`O#RZ&#&*O/*#86@/j#
a
&
#T#*_#dB#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
&
33
O3
O ?
a=
+
#=hCh"D#
########O#T#'*6X)#;P6#&*O/*#86@/j
########3#T#7*4a/0#'2'*#06uO#*O6#Rắ&j
########?#T#7*4a/0#'2'*#06uO# #&Jn'#'`O#/*2/*C
t2'#&*O/*#06q/0#86@/#E1F'#&G/*#/*1#RZ&#&*O/*#'*\)#/+/#&J)/0#&9R-#/%)#'Q#d<#3_'*#
&9R#06uO#&*O/*#06q/0#86@/#WP#R]&#,*ẳ/0#36@/#7%&#&*o#3(:#*_#dB#E6X)#76_/#3PR#W6_'#g#e#!-zyC#
ĐZ#Ra/*#'`O#'2'#'()#76_/#'*\)#7+4#WP#'*\)#/+/#7*A/0#E1F'#W1F&#r)2#'2'#062#&J\#
EZ#Ra/*#06K6#*5/#vlw#'*4#&J4/0#?a/0#hT 6C#
3#=$>?Nj,$8J$\3#0$=!u!$0'#$v
l
x$DK<$DFD$D]5$[!4#$D0G5$`bD$^ọD
$
5%I(#'%$)[)%'"#%[l]%
1-,%N)0#%@'m,%N97%N')%&(@%\S#$%
{7")%@-,%N)0#%
4.2.2.3. Tính toán ổn định cục bộ
ĐB6#WK6#'Z&#E1F'#0*+,#&ừ#'2'#&*+,#?a/#*4]'#&ừ#'2'#&*+,#;p,#'~/#?a4#EaR#'Z&#
7*A/0#?\#R(&#[/#E\/*#'n'#?Z#&J1K'#7*6#'Z&#?\#R(&#[/#E\/*#&[/0#&*^C#
T#Đ6X)#76_/#E^#?a/#'2/*#7*A/0#?\#R(&#[/#E\/*#'n'#?Z#7*6#&ỷ#dB#?
4
/d
'#
06uO#'*6X)#
JZ/0#&G/*#&42/#?
4
#'`O#,*~/#/*A#JO#'`O#?a/#'2/*#WP#'*6X)#;P:#d
'#
'`O#?a/#'2/*#7*A/0#
E1F'#3K/#*I/#062#&J\#EZ#Ra/*#06K6#*5/#vl
'
w#'*4 &J4/0#?a/0#hT zS#
#
[ ]
4
'
'
?
Êl
d
#=hCh D#
#
3#=$>?NU,$8J$\3#0$=!u!$0'#$v
l
D
@
]%?%^D:gF%+%D:DF
l
_
E/g
%
Chú thích}%.')%
l
b%D:F%B-]%
l
?%D:F%;<%N')%
l
>%c%B-]%
l
?%cG%
#
T#Đ6X)#76_/#E^#?a/#?n/0#'Z&#'*\)#/+/#&J)/0#&9R#7*A/0#?\#R(&#[/#E\/*#'n'#?Z#3P#
7*6#&ỷ#dB#*
4
/d
?#
06uO#'*6X)#'O4#&G/*#&42/#*
4
#WP#'*6X)#;P:#d
?#
'`O#?a/#?n/0#7*A/0#E1F'#3K/#
*I/#062#&J\#06K6#*5/#vl
?
w#'*4#&J4/0#?a/0#hT 8S#
#
d/
#
#*
4
/3!#+#h!RR#WP##
d
d/#
# ?
d
E/g
#=hChhD#
h# ########sổ tay KTTL * Phần 1 - cơ sở kỹ thuật thủy lợi * Tập 2
3#=$>?Nm,$8J$\3#0$=!u!$0'#$v
l
Q
x$DK<$Q3#$Qs#=$DJC$6pD$D0G5$#L#$6ú#=$Câ\$
5%In#'%$)[)%'"#%[l
Q
]%N')%45%In#'%z,]%2[@%@YZ%@5&%
yO#'%&'*@%&)T&%\)0#%@5&%
!- 8
lÊ %
!- 8
l> %
8%1'ữ%I%
?
vw E/g
l= %
4.2.3. Cấu kiện chịu tác dụng đồng thời của lực dọc và mômen uốn
4.2.3.1. Tính toán cột đặc chịu nén lệch tâm
- Kiểm tra độ bền của cột đặc chịu nén lệch tâm#7*6#R]&#,*ẳ/0#&2'#;n/0#'`O#
RARH/#)B/#&J|/0#WK6#R]&#,*ẳ/0#EB6#8V/0#'`O#&6%&#;6_/#=R]&#,*ẳ/0#W)A/0#0Q'#WK6#&Jn'#
8T8D-#E1F'#&6%/#*P/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
8
&*
&*
8
M
U
g
F
W
+Ê
#=hChyD#
&J4/0#EQS#
U-#M
8#
T 3<'#;i'#WP#RARH/#)B/#&J4/0#R]&#,*ẳ/0#W)A/0#0Q'#WK6#&Jn'#8j#
## F
&*
-#
&*
8
W
T#;6_/#&G'*-#RAE)/#'*B/0#)B/#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#8#'`O#&6%&#;6_/#&*)#*ẹ,j#
- Kiểm tra độ bền của cột chịu nén lệch tâm#'*4#,*+,#7^#E%/#d<#,*2&#&J6^/#?6%/#
;5/0#;ẻ4#7*6#'Z*A/0#'*\)#&J<'#&6%,#&a6#&Ji/0#EZ/0-#E1F'#3PR#?q/0#&*+,#'Q#06K6#*5/#
F
N
lt
x
Ê
j
=s #=hChzD#
Ch"ơng 4 - kết cấu thép y
y
&J4/0#EQS##
3&
8
j
T#*_#dB#[/#E\/*#'`O#'Z&#'*\)#/+/#3_'*#&9R-#E1F'#82'#E\/*#&*H4#?a/0#hT3!##
##################,*n#&*)Z'#WP4#EZ#Ra/*#r):#1K'#
l
#WP#EZ#3_'*#&9R#&G/*#E[6#R
"
S#
###########R
"
#e#
h
R
8
##=hCh8D#
WK6S#
h T *_#dB#7^#&K6#a/*#*1ở/0#'`O#*o/*#;5/0#&6%&#;6_/-#3(:#&*H4#?a/0#hT3!j
R
#WP#&J|/0#WK6#R]&#,*ẳ/0#EB6#8V/0D-#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#dO)S#
#
:
U
g
'F
=
j
#=hCy!D#
&J4/0#EQS#
j
:
#T#*_#dB#)B/#;i'#EB6#WK6#&Jn'#:-#82'#E\/*#&*H4#'A/0#&*V'#=hC zDj#
#'#T#*_#dB#E1F'#82'#E\/*#/*1#dO)S##
############ã#$*6#EZ#3_'*#&9R#&1I/0#EB6#R
8
Ê#yS#
############################
8
'
"R
b
=
+a
#############################################=hCy"D#
&J4/0#EQ a-#b#3P#'2'#*_#dB-#3(:#&*H4#?a/0#hT3 C#
ã#$*6#EZ#3_'*#&9R#&1I/0#EB6#R
8#
Ê#"!S#
############################
Copyright: Tài liệu đại học ©