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1
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+
F
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15
1,2,3,... 64
1,2,3,... 64
1,2,3,... 32
K
1
K
2
Kn
K
16
Hình 1:
Encryption computation
1,2,3,... 32
&KRÑQKRÛDQYÔ
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1,2,3,..... 28 1,2,3,..... 28
K
1
S
8
P
32 bits
+
E
48 bits
K (
48 bits
)
5
ELWV
Hình 3
: Calculation of f(R,K)
6
4
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