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THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
 


 !"#
$"#
%&'!
%()
*+(,-./
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CHƯƠNG 1 :TỔNG QUAN
1.1. Vai trò của nước mưa0
&1+2345&6#378$+8349:3(5;3913#&<3013(=;
3>(++3?*+834&1593+)9:@=+A985&65+7485
+#93BC3+(*DEF98="7G913=:710&67!3*5;3913H=;
3I>(++3?#(&15>(++3?*93+)J&19K&5&6I
+LM8*#89135357893BDEF7N>O98O+5+(35?P"#+$
98DEF3B="$C#("=GP(80
#+Q+!$&1+88P:3*&1&78+$
+834R+=+A5&634LDEFS+(27N>O0
&1PT#$E2+H&1+98&19;5N+3F+=(+Q
DEF+U#CV8)+(EF3H(>R+5+W;F+7X9@5:
+0&1&Y>7#N$&1P:35?>F$3(=(+Q
A983A0&1&)+(EFD+:3(R+:3+#:3+&<

B>Os`+&<7&6&#'(=IB>O98Z0
C:3*7&6&[++-E+\+Z745:P`^b3<*8
sn*sQb(*&+\0.q0d*+#C3^3+898=Ic*B
a:*bJb3+\0iq0c0tC:CO^+8>;74#98#@
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&*io*98[;+R>98#@C:*h,0do0PQ*5tC:CO5!+PQ
=Zg-hc0do0
Hình 1: Lượng mưa hàng năm tại Tp.HCM
Hình 2: Lượng mưa các tháng trong năm
II. QUÁ TRÌNH LẤY MẪU VÀ XỬ LÝ MẪU
2.1 Vị trí lấy mẫu
RK+!3(9+OC(5?#(R+7&6&1&
 aK5!3E3B#CEZ&
 %EZ&+++Z+8>;_I*/*d*
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 %EZ&++Z+8>;_I,*p*h*i*c**.*_IZ
X*JL*)R>* XI000
 %EZ&#!3+8###*sQb(*b3<*bJb3000
 RK5!3E3B#C:3B>+387RK+!3(C:3B>*
C[R++#+8>;%:3B>ZsQj_IZsQk*%
[R+3j_IJLk*%[R+ZIj_Ihk000
3B72A9+O7RK98;7&6K+@+98#=:5+83
=+`*+<33+23B=+`98H+I76395&<53*'3^J
&<3=+`00034>"35"P"#K5!3E3B#(C925N4+40
2.2 Phương pháp lấy mẫu và bảo quản mẫu
2.2.1 Dụng cụ :
FF5?7RK&1&P#$
 sQLKPS>#7U+7UR+7&6#78+;+R+0Q+;+8>

• 498553?7RK
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• <337RKj3<*8*+(*-k
• #!3KaK5&67R+U#"'&+\335#!J'&
j3M335#!8#k
• aK5N=[D7G&000
2.2.5 Bảo quản và vận chuyển mẫu:
sQLK&1>"35ICO*P"#9BCl3(+(5+2+3>J((
98L*P"#="K^3B+5yd
#
b0
aKC37R#98#+@[;>C"-3H3B+5?9I?9
>)+O3B>Z+Oa:3+&<0
2.2.6 Phương thức xử lý mẫu :
aK+5&6378.>
 +C:+4R+P"#="Q@5?5#>985EK
+!33B+&<0%35#>985EK>"3+KHEFF
340%:5&65#5EKJK&1&5NE@5?5#>*9Q
%b7C+(+\EFF5#>7837!5EKJK0
 )7!35&6P"#="PS7##z#98>Z+O3#jb7
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2.3.1 Phương pháp xác định pH
38[(5>K&1&+!33B+&<5?+5&6C+
="93(+>J&1&O[(R+0Q3(+>+?+5T3
E#(=(+Q#(A*9I+7G*3A+#K&10#5*
5#>818+;+*C:5?=(p3<C37RKj€m|dpphq/k0
&G 7AK &1& +&1C3 5#> 5?7#!3 Pl Pt* 
>@000+(3;0
b/>&'>(>C(5&6DEF5?5#>J&1&3R•
+>*•+8EE98E@(5#>0
LR+*93BDEF3R•+8>+QR+5'3"98O++;C‚0
34*>&'>(>8C:+?#+C+=">O[(98C:
5(+3I9Q>F+98#93B5(3(8`J=J&<3D
EF0
L.*>&'>(>•+8Y5'3"PS(5;338J

nồng độ các ion trong nước mưa
bY&($&1+234C(*+#&1&LR+3+8
>AC(034(+:;AO5&6A5?=+`78
(3#b7
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>(>
• &'>(>[(53#PS53B28A7A
• &'>(>m …m
• &'>(>`CO3#j€#b#+#>k
298#H&&653?J(>&'>(>>Z+O*+#>!935
+83=+`&1&8*>&'>(>5&672A5?>Z+OK78
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 5#>Z+O+3#78U+7z33E0
Page | 11
Quan Trắc Môi Trường
8+;R+*+3+P+3+C(0
 Tiến hành
38>Z+OKPSB+;`CG3#+!3 >Z+Oa:3+&<0
 2ENt
 Z+OK+`jDEF&1R+34!78K+`#>‚>>Z
+O
 Z+OK&1& Z+O3#+&15++>Z+O
+3#0

CỦA NƯỚC MƯA
3.1 Thành phần hóa học trong nước mưa
&1&L3+;A85NR>+F+#CO=?0&<3+
5N+OS+3A+&jC#"dk*'3+\5#Cu•DŽp*/7O+C:
CO0Q9I+#&1&L3PF3*93Ct*(+!>R+A3O+
+@+98#@98+\9@5$PS*3X3*+8>;C:3B>000
a+C(&83*87Z(93Ct98+!>R++#&1&8O+0
93Ct#&1&Y+?+#73j•U33#73k787#!393
Ct$;+#>Z&<3*X9I+98(93Ct3CO98CCOC(0
b([‚+3B93Ct+\+&1+13&+R+K&1&8#9:
Ct*C?"&1&L3H+<30IOHK&1&;93Ct
C(#+&'5&'913&13C:!0
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