QUAN HE VIET NAM - CHAU AU
Tt^fHHTVH COIVG
HOA
LIEIV BAIVG Blf€
VA
QUA]^
HE HOP TAC HAI
NU6C
VIET
l^AM
-
DlTC
HIEM
MAY
1.
Khai quat tinh hinh kinh te - xa hdi
Cong hoa Lien bang
Diic
hien nay
Nam d trung tam chau Au, Cdng hoa
Lien bang Dire dugc
xac
dinh ed vi tri
ban
le
giiia Ddng
va
Tay Au, giii'a ban
dao
Skandinavia
va

Qudc khanh
eiia
nudc Cdng
hoa
Lien bang
Due
thdng nhat.
The che chinh tri
ciia
nudc Due hien
nay
la
Cdng
hoa
Lien bang, bao gdm 16
bang. Trong co
cau
td
chu'c
nha nudc, Tdng
thdng
la
ngudi dimg
dau
la vdi nhiem ky 5
nam. Nha nude Dire dugc xay
dimg
tren 5
nguyen tac: edng hoa,
dan

ngudi
PGS.TSKH.
Tran Nguyen Tuyen
Ban Doi
ngoai
Trung
wong
dung
dau
cua dang chinh tri hoac lien minh
chinh tri gianh thang
Igi
da sd trong
cac
cude
bau
cir Qude hdi.
Trong ban 50 nam qua, d Cdng hoa
Lien bang
Diic
ehi ed 2 dang chu yeu la
Dang
Lien minh Dan
chii
Thien Chua giao
(CDU)
va
Dang
Dan
chii

ba
Angela
Merkel, ngudi phu nii' dau tien trong lich sir
Dire trd thanh
Thii
tudng.
Sau cude
bau
cir Qudc hdi thang 9/2009,
Chinh
phii
lien minh duge thanh
lap.
Dang
Dan
chii
Xa hdi (SPD) trd thanh
dang
ddi lap
trong Qudc hdi. Viec Tdng thdng Hdtxo
Kdla,
ngudi Dang CDU bat ngd tir chire
ngay
31-5-2010
va
iing
eii'
vien Cdrixtan
Up do lien minh
cam

nhd. Ty le cir tri bau cho dang SPD va dang
CDU dang giam dan tir 65% trong nhirng
nam 1960 xudng cdn 45% trong giai doan
hien nay, budc
cac
dang nay phai thanh lap
ehinh
phii
lien hiep, boat ddng kem tinh dn
dinh hon trudc.
Cac
dang nhd nhu dang
Xanh, danh Canh ta da triet de
Igi
dung
nhung thay ddi nay de thu hut eir tri. Mat
khae,
sd lugng cu tri di
bau
giam ciing
anh
hudng den tinh dai dien
ciia
ket qua bau cir
(ty le cir tri di
bau
Nghi vien Chau Au thap,
chi khoang 50% cir tri Dire, 40%
toan
chau

Due
chii
truang thuc hien
dudng ldi "Kinh tl thi trudng xa hdi" vdi
phuang cham: "It nha nudc nhu ed the,
nhilu nha nudc nhu
can
thiet". Nha nude
khdng can thiep vao viec hinh thanh gia ea
va
luong ma ehi tao dieu kien khung cho cac
qua
trinh phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, dam bao
hieu qua, cdng bang
va
dn dinh xa hdi; md
hinh kinh te thi trudng xa hdi
rat
ehu trpng
van
de phiic
Igi
xa hdi
va dan
sinh.
Cude khiing hoang tai chinh
loan
eau da
tac ddng manh den nen kinh te Dire: Nam
2009,

Chinh
phii ciia
ba Merkel da dua ra
cac
giai
phap nhu thuc thi gdi kieh thich kinh te, tien
hanh
cai
td dieu chinh, tang cudng giam
sat
boat ddng cua he thdng
ngan
hang tai chinh,
phdi hgp chinh sach giira
cac
chinh
phii
trong khdi EU nham dn dinh thi trudng tai
chinh
va
phuc hdi nen kinh te. Hien nay
Chinh
phii
Lien minh dang gap khd khan
trong viec ddi phd vdi cude khung hoang ng
cdng xuat phat tir Hy Lap, dang lan rdng d
nhieu nudc chau Au, khimg hoang khu vuc
ddng Euro, trong viec thuc hien cac chinh
sach giam ehi tieu va tang thue nham khic
phuc tinh trang tham hut ngan sach.

la
tir dau
nhiing nam 90 den nay, quan he hai nude
tiep tuc phat trien nhanh chdng tren
eae ITnh
vue,
trong dd dang
chii
y la hai ben da trao
ddi nhieu
doan cap
cao
va cac cap
khac nhau
nhu: Thil tudng Phan Van Khai tham Dire
thang
10/2001,
Tdng Bi thu Ndng
Diic
Manh
tham Dire thang 3/2004, Thu tudng Nguyen
Tan Dung thang 3/2008, Thu tudng Gerhard
Schroeder tham Viet Nam 2
lan
(nam 2003
va
2004) Trong
cac cude
tiep
xiic,

qudc
Hai ben img hd
va
thudng xuyen
phdi hgp vdi nhau tren
cac
dien dan qudc te.
Diic
ung hd Viet Nam gia nhap WTO;
iing
hd Viet Nam md rdng
va
tang cudng quan he
mpi mat vdi chau Au
va
EU. Hai nudc hien
dang xem xet kha nang nang cap quan he len
"ddi
tac
chien luac".
- Vi hffp tdc kinh ti
Hai nudc da ky mdt sd hiep dinh tao ca
sd phap ly cho quan he hgp
tae
kinh te nhu:
Hiep dinh hgp
tac
Hang
hai.
Hang khdng

Idn
nhat ddi vdi hang xuat
khau eiia
Viet Nam
vao
EU. Nam 2009, hang
hoa ciia
Viet Nam xuat khau
vao Diic
chiem
19%
tdng gia tri
xuat
khau
eiia
Viet Nam
vao
27 nudc EU. Trong quan he thuang mai,
Viet Nam van xuat sieu ddi vdi Dire theo ty
le xuat/nhap trung binh
la
2/1.
Cae
mat hang
chii
yeu Viet Nam xuat khau sang
Diie
theo
thir tu tdng gia tri bao gdm: giay dep, hang
det may,

2009
vin
dat
miie
4,6 ty USD, trong dd xuit
khiu
ciia
Viet Nam sang
Diie
dat 3,2 ty
USD.
^"tli
t'ijih^MigJuu,
Mien bung
^ue.
65
Du
bao
kim ngach thuong mai giua hai
nudc se tang nhanh trong thdi gian tdi, thue
hien muc tieu dua kim ngach thuang mai hai
nudc nam
2010
dat tren 5 ty USD, trong dd
xuat khau
ciia
Viet Nam sang Du'c du kiln
dat 3,5-3,6 ty USD, tang 6% so vdi nam
2009.
- Vi ddu

cac
nganh
cd the manh
va
kha nang canh tranh eao nhu:
nganh che bien, ehe tao, dieh vu ky thuat,
edng nghe phan mem
va
thdng tin truyen
thdng, dich vu ngan hang, tai chinh,
bao
hiem.
cac
du an dau tu cua Dire tai Viet Nam
budc dau da cd nhirng ddng gdp tich cue cho
sir
phat trien kinh te - xa hdi
ciia
Viet Nam.
Hien cd 22 tinh, thanh
ciia
Viet Nam da tilp
nhan
cae
du
an dau
tu
ciia
Dire, nhung
chii

va dao
tao ngudn nhan
lire,
bao
ve mdi trudng. Due tiep tuc cam ket cung
cap
ODA cho Viet Nam trong nhiing nam tdi
hudng
vao
nhii'ng
ITnh
vuc hgp
tac
mdi nhu:
irng phd vdi bien ddi khi hau, nghien cim
khoa hpc, dao tao ngudn nhan
lire
chat lugng
cao.
- Vi hffp tdc gido due ddo tgo, khoa
hoc ky thuat
Nam
1996,
nghi dinh thu hgp tac nghien
cim khoa hpe giiia Bd Khoa hpc va Cdng
nghe Viet Nam
va
Bd Giao due va Nghien
cim CHLB Dire dugc ky ket, tao mdi trudng
va nen tang phap ly thuan

dp cho
cac
can bd nghien cim vdi su tai trp
ciia
cac td
chu'c,
cac quy cua Dire. Trong ITnh
vuc cdng nghe
xii'
ly nudc va mdi
trudng.
Dire da danh
15
trieu Euro cho
eae
chuang
66
NGHIEN
CCfU
CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW
N°02 (125).2011
trinh nghien cim vdi tdng tieu du
an
tai Viet
Nam.
Nam 1998, Due hgp tac vdi Viet Nam
xay
dung Trung
tam
Trao ddi Khoa hpe - Ky

85 hpc bdng
cap Bang de dao tao nghien ciru sinh (nhieu
nhat trong EU
va
hang
dau
the gidi); giup ta
dao tao gan 30 tien sy, 40 thac sy va hang
tram
can
bd khoa hpc thdng qua
cac
chuang
trinh hgp tac vdi su tai trg
ciia
Co quan Trao
ddi Vien
Han lam
Dire, Quy Khoa hpc tre,
Quy
Dao
tao ehuyen gia nganh cdng nghiep,
Quy Phat trien. Ngoai ra
Diic
da vien trg cho
Viet Nam mdt sd trang thiet bi nghien
ciiu
vdi tdng gia tri 800 nghin USD. Hai nudc da
liy nam
2010 la

Nam, nam 1997 Dire thanh lap Trung
tam
Van
boa
Dire (hay cdn gpi
la
Vien Goet) tai
Ha
Ndi. Day
la
dia diem thudng xuyen td
chirc
cac
boat ddng nham gidi thieu van hoa
Dire
va
giang day tieng
Diie
tai Viet Nam.
Viet Nam eiing thudng xuyen cir
cac
doan
nghe thuat sang
Diie
phuc vu ba con Viet
kilu tai
Dire,
ddng thdi qua do gidi thieu nen
nghe thuat Viet Nam tdi edng chiing Dire.
Cdng ddng ngudi Viet Nam tai Dire

va
khdng
ngimg
hoan
thien vi
Igi
ich chung
ciia
nhan
dan
hai nudc.
Tai
lieu
tham khao
1.
The European Union - Vietnam
cooperation activities
1990
-
2010.
2.
Kit
qua khao sat CHLB
Diic
2010
cua
Doan
cap cao Dang Cdng
san
Viet Nam.