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NGV
PHONG CACH VIET
80N
TLr
GIAO D!CH THUONG MAl
LAp
DAN YMOT LA
THU
THUONG MAl
CHLJONG
1
CHUONG 2
CHUONG 3
CHUONG 4
CHUONG 5
CHLJONG
6
CHUONG 7
CHUONG
8
CHLJONG
9
CHLJONG10
CHLJONG
11
CHUONG12
CHLJONG13
•
~.
? ,

CHLJONG
15
cAc
tuc
8!A,
cAc
LANH THO vA
eAe
ouoc GIA TREN THE GIOI
4
CHUONG 1
J ,

CAUTRUCCAU
(SENTENCE
CONSTRUCTION)
Khi
SIT
dung
tigng
Anh
d@
dich
thuat,
ban
luon
luon
ph
ai
Iam

cau.
Van
de
co-
ban
cua
mot
bai
luan
Anh
ngfr
Ia
cau.
Cau
co
hai
phan
:
Chu
ngtr
(Subject)
va
vi
ngfr
(predicate).
Cau
co
hai
loai
:

has
already
been
c!ispatched
(Dan
dat
hang
cua
ong
ngay
9
thang
5'
dii
dlIQ'c
giai
quyet
rei.)
·
The
name
of
the
firm
is
the
Timber
Co,
Ltd
(Ten

ghe
I~i
ong
sang
thu
Hai
tail.
cua
chunq
toil
5
- Vi
ngfr
luon
luon
co
mot
dQng
til
(verb). MQt
cau
khong
thg
thieu
dong'
til.
Neu
no
khong
co dong'

goi
la
cau
don.
II. cAu
PHUC
(Complex
Sentences)
Hay
xem
cau
dum
day:
w~
shall
be
glad
to
know
the
day
on
which
you
can
call
at
this
office
to

va
"can
call" - Do do
no
duoc
goi
la
cau
phirc.
'I'rong
mot
cau
phtrc
luon
luon
comot
menh
d~
chinh
(principal
clause)
va
mot
menh
d~
phu
(subordinate
clause).
a
vi

transaction".
Bay
gio
hay
xem
vi
du
khac,
Day
Ia
bon
can
don
:
-
My
friend
Dawson
called
at
my
house
last
night.
(Ban t6i Dawson da ghe den nha t6i toi hom qua).
6
-
This
made
me

nhau
d~
vie't
thanh
mgt
cau
phirc.
I
was
glad
when
my
friend
Dawson
called
at
my
house
last
night
to
discuss
our
final
plans
for
ourvisit
to
Paris
next

cau
kep.
Cau
kep
bao
gia
cling
bao
gom
han
mgt
menh
d~
chmh.
Vi
du
:
The
dealer
went
to
the
depot
and
collected
his
issue
of
stores.
(Nha buon da den kho va luacac

cho
chung.
Cau
ngan
co
th~
dune
dung
d~
nhan
manh
nhanh
mot
hanh
dong
hay
mot
su
ding
thang.
Vi
du
:
John
saw
his
opportunity.
The
Chairman
had

(John da thA'y co hOi cua mlnh. Vi chu tea da noi xong.
Nhung nquoi dan eng duong
nnu
chua quyet dinh. John
d~y
ghe
dung len.
Anh nhin xu6ng
san
nha may.
TA't
ca nhu-ngnguoi dan
eng
doi anh n6i.)
Cling
tinh
huang
nlnr
tren
ne'u
dung
cau
dai
se
kern
kich
tinh
hon
:
As

where
the
men
stood
waiting
for
him
to
speak.
CHUONG 2
A

',
CAU
TRUC
TIEP
VA
•

,
~
CAU
GIAN
TIEP
(DIRECT
AND
INDIRECT
SPEECH)
Khi
mot

must
oppose
the
motion".
(Ong Jones noi : "Nqai Chu tich, t6i lay lam tiec rang t6i
pha: phan
doi ban kien nqhi.")
Cung
cau
nay,
nhung
chung
ta
co
tht;
viet
thea
10i
giclfl
tipp
nhu
sau
:
Mr.
Jones
said
that
he
regretted
he

n
tiep.
L
Lien
t.ir "that."
duoc
daf
a
trrroc
cac
t.ir
tuong
thuat
t.rtr
can
hoi.
I ,
9
2.
Thi
(tense)
phai
dtroc
phdi
hop.
Vi
du
:
(a)
Neu

dQng
tir
tiep
theo
co
tht; a
bat
cu
thi
nao.
3.
Dai
ttr
nhan
xung
(personal
pronoun)
0-
ngoi
thtr
nha]
va
ngoi
tlnr
hai
d6i
th
anh
ngoi
thtr

chon
thay
d6i
nhu
sau
:
now
today
>
then
>
that
day
tomorrow
>
the
next
day
yesterday
>
the
day
before
6.
Khi
cau
true
tiep
la
cau

r
(Ong ta noi : "Toi xin phep duoc
co
y kien
de
nghi cua eng
chu
?")
Trong
diu
gian
tiep
se
Ia
:
10
He
asked
ifhe
might
have
his
views
on
the
proposal.
(Ong ta hoi rang eng ta
co
th~
co

1(1),
told
(bao),
explained
(giai
thfch)
"
observed
(nhan
xet)
V.v
SQ"
thay
d6i
nay
d~
tranh
cau
van
bi
te
nhat.
8.
Khi
d6i
ttl
cau
gian
tiep
sang

Neu
trong
cau
trtrc
tiep
co
them
ffiQt
cau
noi
trirc
tiep
khac
mra
thi
cau
trirc
tiep
sau
duoc
dat
trong
dau
C '). .
Vi
du
:
Both
men
replied,

CHl10NG 3
J J
DAUCHAMCAU
(pUNCTUATION)
Dan
cham
cau
la
gi
va
tai
sao
phai
dung
dau
cham
can?
Can
tra
loi
that
don
gia
n ;
viec
dung
dan
cham
cau
nham

dung:
a-
Chi
SlJ
ket
thuc
mot
can.
b-
Sau
cac
chir
viet
tat.
Vi
du
W.F.Smith,
Col.
Brown

c-
San
so
chi
gio
va
phut.
Vi
du
:

LlIU
Y
khong
dung
dfiu
chfim
:
a-
San
ttr
vie-t
tat
chi:
Lst.,
2nd,
4th

b-
San
cac
til
hay
cac
con
so
duoc
dung
trong
bang
tinh

de.
2.
D3'u
ph~y
(comma)
Dung
dt;
ngat
cac
menh
de
hay
cac
hI
drroc
phan
bi0t
trong
mot
danh
muc.
Vi
du
: I
had
breakfast
with
bread,
milk,
egg

Iai
cho
rang
dung
dau
phay
truce
"and"
eli':
t.ra
nh
str
khong
1'0
nghia.
Vi
du
:
"black,
white,
and
green"
chi
3
vat
co 3
mau
khac
nhau
va

cham
duoc
dung
khi
hai
cau
co
tuong
dong
nhau
duoc
noi
lai
rna
khong'
then
qui
tac
van
pham.
Vi
du
:
The
committee
help
the
view
that
the

han ; ho de nghi thir ky nen cung cap them nhunq yeu
Cc1U
chi
tiet va baa cao 6 ptuen hop toi.)
4.
D~u
hai
cham
(:)
Dau
nay
gioi
thieu
mot
loa
t
str
li~t
ke.
Vi
du
:
The
items
discussed
were:
(a)
time
and
place

Dau
ngoac
kep
(inverted
commas)
Dan
nay
dung
d~ d~
loi
noi
true
tiep
vao
trong.
VI
du
:
He
said,
"1
shall
never
forget
your
kindness".
(Anh ta noi : "T6i S6 kh6ng baa gia quem
su
tu
te

tha
mdi
bat,
bong"
(Tuc ngtr).
-
Dan
ngoac
kep
con
drroc
dung
khi
de
c~p
ttra
de
mot
cudn
sach,
mot
va
kich
hay
mot
an
pham.
Vi
du
:

(cai tui xach tay cua Jane.)
We
can't
get
home
in
time
now.
(Chung ta kh6ng
th~
ve
nha kip luc bay giO.)
7.
Da'u
chfim
than
(exclamation
mark)
(!)
:
Dan
nay
dung
d~
chi
SlJ
cam
than.
Vi
du

do
doi hoi co
cau
tra
loi. Vi
du
:
"Did
you
see
the
man
1"
("Phai ban da thay ngu6i dan eng kheng ?")
9.
Dau
gach
ngang
(dash)
Dau
nay
dtroc
dat
d~
tach
mot
cum
til
(phrase)
din

rsignation.
(Mot tuan sau - vao cu6i thanq Narn - Ong ta da nop don
tv
crurc).
-
Dau
nay
doi
khi
dtroc
dung
dt; gioi
thieu
mot
doan
van
tu
Y
them
vao.
Vi
du
:
He
asked
me
-
despite
the
fact

ong
ta
-
ung
hQ SlJ
b6
nhiern
cua
<lng
t.a.I
10.
D~u
gach
n6i
(hyphen)
(-)
Dan
nay
dung
d~
noi
hai
hay
nhieu
tir
diroc
xem
nhu
Iii
mot

phai
sang
dong.
-
Luu
y
dung
dung
gach
ndi
a
cac
tiep
VI
ngtr
-
ed.
Viec
dung
dau
cham
diu
dung
se
lam
hili
viet
duoc
mach
Iac,

co
khuynh
huong
ciln~
it.
i 1"1<1""
, ,
17
CHlJONG 4
, ?
ClHNH
TA
(SPELLING)
Tai
sao
chinh
ta
trong
tieng
Anh
nit
kho
? Co
th~
co
hai
Iy do.
'I'ieng
Anh
co

a
mang
hai
am
khac
nhan
hoac
trong
poke
va
pot
rna
u
tv
khong
rat
khac
nhau
v~
am.
Ngay
ca
phu
am
tieng
Anh
cling
mang
nhieu
am

g
trong
tIT
give
va
gem.
Hon
mra
tieng
Anh
la
mot
ngon
ngfr
pha
tap,
co
ngudn
goc
tIT
nhirng
ngtroi
xam
chiem
dat
dai
trong
qua
khir.
Nhirng

co
ngudn
goc
Ang'
Ie - Xac Xong,
duoc
phat
am
hoan
toan
khac
nhau
mac
du
d~u
co
van
chfnh
til
la
ough,
Mile,
century
va
ten
cac
thang
trong
nam
co

~,~i'i,Jil,~Jy}
;
18
VI
vay,
trong
tigng
Anh
kho
co
qui
luat
virng
chac.
Tuy
nhien,
cung
co
vai
each
d~
ta
tranh
g~p
kho
khan
trong
chinh
tao
Cae

ngtr
ph6
bien
hon.
(c)
Hay
tv
lam
quen
v6i
cac
qui
tAc
don
gian.
(d)
Tra
ttr
di~n
khi
g~p
digu
gi
khong
chac
chan.
Chinh
ta
dung
Ia

duoc
SIT
dung
dung
dan.
D~
vigt
dung
chinh
ta
ban
can
phai
thirc
hanh
nhieu
!
Ban
cang
viet
nhieu
cang
mau
cai
thien
chung
nay.
I I
19
Cae

tIT
appoint),
u.n
- (duoc
gan
va
tIT
clean)
a
mis
- (duoc
gan
vao
tIT
take).
Neu
m~u
tu
cudi
cua
tiep
vi
ngtr
va
mau
tu
dau
cua
tir
giong

ta
phai
chu
y
cua
hai
tiep
dau
ngir for -
va
lore
-
For -
thuong
am
ChI
SlJ
can
trc,
cam
doan.
Con
fore
- co
nghia
la
"trtroc".
forbade
forborne
forebode

ngfr
La-tirih
cum,
co
nghia
la
'voi',
Ia
goc
'cua
cac
tiep
dau
ngir
nay.
No
thay
dBi
tuy
theo
tung
trrrong
hop
va
co
mftu
tv
cudi
trung
voi

va
Per
-
Cac
tiep
dau
ngir
nay
cling
doi
hoi
phat
am
than
trong.
Sau
day
la
cac
vi
du
rna
cac
ban
can
phai
hoc
:
prescribe
/

khi
them
-
able
va
- ible
vao.
Vi
du
:
conceivable
dissolvable
excitable
movable
collapsible
forcible
producible
reducible
noticeable
peaceable
serviceable
Qui
tao
luon luon
co
ngoai
l~.
6
nhung
tir

ery,
-
ory
va
-
ry
Ta
d~
bi l&n IQn
v~
chfnh
til
giira
tir
co
cac
duoi
nay.
Dieu duy nhat
lam
ducc
la
ta
phiii
hoc
thuQc
cmmg.
Vi
du
:

-
stationery,
danh
ttr,
nghia
Ia
:
"giay
to"
-
stationary,
tinh
ttr,
nghia
la
: "co
dinh,
dung
yen".
+ -
ar,
-
er,
-
or,
-
ur
va
-
re

va
"meter".
"Metre"
la
don
vi
do
luang;
con
"meter"
la
"cai
may
do
luang".
-
ar
-
er
-
or
-
ur
va
- re

'_

_ ,
._ ~-

tll
Iuon
luon
Iacach
tot
nhat
d~
nam
virng
chinh
tao
Hay
hoc
cac
tu
sau
:
I ,
- ceed
exceed
procceed
succeed
+ -
our
va
-
or
-
cede


clamorous
.
honour
>
honourable;
honorary,
honorarium
humour
>
humorous
vigour
> VIgorous
Khi
cac
am
tiet
- fer
va
-
cur
co
dau
nhan
va
duoc
theo
sau
bOi
mot
nguyen

reference,
referred,
referring
24
(b)
-
concur
>
concurring,
concurred,
concurrence
-
demur
>
demurring,
demurred,
demurrage
-
occur
>
occurring,
occurred,
occurrence
-
recur
>
recurring,
recurred,
recurrent
N

duoi
l.
Qui
tac
Ia
:
nhan
doi
am
I
khi
di
truce
no
Ia
mot
nguyen
am
don.
Vi
du
:
compel
control
>
compelling
>
controlled
Nhung
neu

trang
til
tao
ra
til
tinh
til
co
duoi
I
co
doi ll. Vi
du
:
special
>
specially
general
>
generally
M('>t
tra
ng
til
tao
ra
tir
tinh
til
da

-
ically.
Vi
du
:
basically,
specifically,
heroically
Tuy
nhien,
ngoai
1~
la
:
publicly
Hay
hru
y
chinh
ta
cua
wholly,
truly
va
dutv
tao
boi
cac
tinh
til

Cac
ban
phai
hoc
thuo«
d~
khoi
phai
l~n
Ion.
- DQng
til:
license,
practise,
advise,
devise,
prophesy.
-
Danh
ttl
:
licence,
practice,
advice,
device,
prophecy.
26
"i"
truoc
"e"

va
"ei" doc
la
Iii!
Vi
du
:
achieve
believe
brief
chief
grieve
liege
piece
shriek
siege
thief
ceiling
conceive
deceive
perceive
receipt
Luu
y
rfmg
b
c(>t
thir
ba,
"e" di

eight
heighten
neigh
sleigh
feint
heir
obeisance
sleight
I I