A Systematic Review of the Research
Literature on the Use of Phonics in the
Teaching of Reading and Spelling
Carole J. Torgerson *
Greg Brooks **
Jill Hall *
* University of York
** University of Sheffield
Research Report RR711
RESEARCH
Research Report
No 711
A Systematic Review of the Research
Literature on the Use of Phonics in the
Teaching of Reading and Spelling
Carole J. Torgerson *
Greg Brooks **
Jill Hall *
* University of York
** University of Sheffield
Contents
Page
et al
et al
List of Figures
Page
The review team
Steering Group
Cluster randomized trial:
*Concealed allocation:
*Confidence intervals:
*CONSORT:
*Controlled trial (CT):
*Co-variates or confounders:
*Effect size:
Meta-analysis: random effects model:
Normal quantile plot:
Onset-rime:
Phonics instruction:
*Publication bias:
*Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT):
*Regression to the mean:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction
f
Key findings
The effect of phonics on reading:
accuracy
accuracy
Aims of the review
Background
f
accuracy
comprehension
Conclusions
Recommendations
For teaching
1. Introduction
f
et al
2. Objectives: The review questions
How effective are different approaches to phonics teaching in comparison to each
Synthetic phonics
cat
dog
Analytic phonics
pat, park, push pen
reading
et al.
stop
5. Previous research (2): The Ehri et al. (2001) systematic review and
the Camilli et al. (2003) replication
et al.
et al
et al
et al.
et al.
et al
et al.
et al.
et al.
6. The British context
Attention to phonics
Framework for Teaching f
passim
Recent British research
et al.
et al.
et al
Political attention