: 'Be' Verbs
A verb shows action or a state of being.
I go home. Home is my place to rest. I like the smell of my house. I feel totally
relaxed. Home refreshes me. At home, I get ready for a new day.
"Be" verbs indicate a state of being.
Verbs must match subjects.
• I am a doctor.
• He is sleepy.
• We are here.
Negative sentences need ‘not' after the verb.
• I am not a doctor.
• He is not sleepy.
• We are not there.
The verb comes first in interrogative sentences.
• Am I a doctor?
• Is he sleepy?
• Are we there?
"Are not" (is not) can be shortened to "aren't" (isn't).
• He isn't sleepy.
• We aren't there.
Remember the variations of "be" verbs:
Present Negative Interrogative
I am I am not Am I?
You are You are not (aren't) Are you?
He is He is not (isn't) Is he?
She is She is not (isn't) Is she?
It is It is not (isn't) Isn't it?
We are We are not (aren't) Are we?
You are You are not (aren't) Are you?
They are They are not (aren't) Are they?
ĐỘNG TỪ "TO BE" -THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN VỚI TO BE

Tôi là bác sĩ.
Cô ấy là sinh viên.
Bà tôi rất già.
Cái cây viết ở trên bàn.
Em mệt không?
Nó không thành thật
Con gái bạn rất đẹp.

*Công thức Thì Hiện Tại Đơn của động từ TO BE:
Từ giờ trở đi bạn hãy nhớ, khi học công thức một thì nào, ta luôn học 3 thể của nó:
Thể khẳng định: là một câu nói xác định, không có chữ “KHÔNG” trong đó.
Chủ ngữ + AM / IS / ARE + Bổ ngữ
Thí dụ: I AM A TEACHER. (Tôi là giáo viên).
HE IS A STUDENT. (Anh ấy là sinh viên)
SHE IS A SINGER. (Cô ta là ca sĩ)
Thể phủ định: là một câu nói phủ nhận điều gì đó, có chữ “KHÔNG” ngay sau chủ
ngữ.
Chủ ngữ + AM / IS / ARE + NOT + Bổ ngữ
+Cách viết tắt:
I AM NOT = I'M NOT
IS NOT = ISN'T
ARE NOT = AREN'T
Thí dụ: HE IS NOT HANDSOME. (Anhấy khôngđẹp trai)
YOU ARE NOT STUPID. (Bạn không có ngu)
Thể nghi vấn: là một câu hỏi :
AM / IS / ARE + Chủ ngữ + Bổ ngữ ?
Thí dụ: IS HE HANDSOME = Anh ấy đẹp trai không?
AM I TOO FAT? = Tôi có quá mập không vậy?
IS SHE PRETTY? = Cô ấy đẹp không hả?
IS HE RICH? = Ông ta giàu không vậy?

3. Leila and Nancy students.
4. Nancy Australian .
5. My sister and I students.
6. The girls tired.
7. These women beautiful.
8. The tea delicious.
9. Nadia and Leila friends.
10. The newspaper cheap.
Choose the correct answer (negative or affirmative form of to be):
1. Is Julia Robert French? No, she French.
2. What about Robert de Nero? Is he an American actor? Yes, he
.
3. Are New York and Los Angeles Spanish Cities? No, they
Spanish cities.
4. Is Big Ben in Paris? No, it in Paris.
5. Is Mount Everest in Africa? No, it in Africa.
It is in Asia.
Fill in the blanks with the right subject / personal pronouns (I, you, he, she, it, we,
they):
1. Angelina Joli is American. She isn't French.
2. Brad Pitt is American, too. He isn't German.
3. Brad and Angelina aren't French. They are American.
4. My friend and I are high school students. We aren't primary school students.
5. The Statue of Liberty is in New York. It isn't in Washington.
Fill in the blanks with the right form of to be (am, are or is):
1. Are you the new student?
2. Yes, I am .
3. Leila and Nancy are students.
4. Nancy is Australian .
5. My sister and I are students.

Verb Conjugation & Spelling
We form the present tense using the base form of the infinitive (without the TO).
In general, in the third person we add 'S' in the third person.
Subject
I / you / we / they
he / she / it
The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that verb:
1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person.
• go – goes
• catch – catches
• wash – washes
• kiss – kisses
• fix – fixes
• buzz – buzzes
2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add -IES.
• marry – marries
• study – studies
• carry – carries
• worry – worries
NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.
• play – plays
• enjoy – enjoys
• say – says
Negative Sentences in the Simple Present Tense
To make a negative sentence in English we normally use Don't or Doesn't with all verbs
EXCEPT To Beand Modal verbs (can, might, should etc.).
• Affirmative: You speak French.
Negative: You don't speak French.
You will see that we add don't between the subject and the verb. We use Don't when the
subject is I, you,we or they.

though it is essential to show we are making a question. It is normally put at the beginning of the
question.
• Affirmative: You speak English.
Question: Do you speak English?
You will see that we add DO at the beginning of the affirmative sentence to make it a question.
We use Dowhen the subject is I, you, we or they.
• Affirmative: He speaks French.
Question: Does he speak French?
When the subject is he, she or it, we add DOES at the beginning to make the affirmative
sentence a question. Notice that the letter S at the end of the verb in the affirmative sentence
(because it is in third person) disappears in the question. We will see the reason why below.
We DON'T use Do or Does in questions that have the verb To Be or Modal Verbs (can, must,
might, should etc.)
Word Order of Questions with Do and Does
The following is the word order to construct a basic question in English using Do or Does.
Do/Does Subject
Do I / you / we / they
Does he / she / it
*Verb: The verb that goes here is the base form of the infinitive = The infinitive without TO
before the verb. Instead of the infinitive To have it is just the have part.
Remember that the infinitive is the verb before it is conjugated (changed) and it begins with TO.
For example: to have, to eat, to go, to live, to speak etc.
Examples of Questions with Do and Does:
• Do you need a dictionary?
• Does Mary need a dictionary?
• Do we have a meeting now?
• Does it rain a lot in winter?
• Do they want to go to the party?
• Does he like pizza?
Short Answers with Do and Does