1
EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING BOARD OF BINH DINH
LE QUY DON HIGH SCHOOL FOR GIFTED STUDENTS

A
A
N
N
A
A
L
L
Y
Y
S
S
I
I
N
N
G
G
T
T
H
H
E
E
M
M
E

A
R
R
T
T
I
I
C
C
L
L
E
E
I
I
N
N
N
N
O
O
N
N
-
-
I
I
D
D
I

E
R
R
B
B
S
S
A
A
N
N
D
D
T
T
H
H
E
E
I
I
R
R
V
V
I
I
E
E
T

N
T
T
S
S
(Initiative)

By: Võ Thị Thanh Điệp
Academic year: 2010 - 2011
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1. General
2. Aims of the study
3. Scope of the study
4. Methods of study
5. Design of the study
CHAPTER TWO: THEORETICAL PRELIMINARIES
PART ONE: THEORETICAL PRELIMINARIES
I. Phrasal verbs in English
II. Particles
III. Prepositional particles and adverbial particles
1. Prepositional particles
1.1. Definition
1.2. Position
2. Adverbial particles
2. 1. Definition
2.2. Position
PART TWO: ANALYZING THE MEANING SHADES OF PARTICLE IN NON-
IDIOMATICS PHRASAL VERBS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS.

example to put, to see … which are called single-word verbs. Besides them, we can find
many verbs with a combination between a verb and a particular which makes up a new
meaning. They are called multi-word verbs or phrasal verbs, for example, to look at, come
in. Phrasal verbs are an extremely important feature of English. They are used widely in
conversation and informal written English, including many newspaper and magazine
articles to express ideas in a vivid and homely way. As a matter of fact, phrasal verbs are
an indispensable tool to speaking English naturally.
However, a foreign leaner who is not aware of the most common phrasal verbs is
likely to have considerable difficulty in everyday spoken English. And someone who is
unable to use phrasal verbs appropriately in speech will tend to sound stiff and formal to
an English listeners.
There are a variety of reasons why learners of English might find phrasal verbs a
difficult area to grasp. For one thing, they are so numerous, various i.e. one phrasal verbs
can have a number of meanings. For another thing, the words that make up a phrasal verb
are not very good clues to its meaning; and many phrasal verbs are figuratively used i.e.
their combination turns out to have unpredictable and unexpected meaning. For example,
it is easy enough to understand when the meaning of a two-word verb is equal to the
meaning of the sum of its two separate words. We can understand what “put aside the
table “ means providing we can know the meaning of “put” and “aside”. But sometimes, in
many cases, the knowing of the meaning of separate words is in vain and does not help us
to undestand the meaning of the whole sentence. For example, put up with, as in “Both
teachers and students must put up with many problems.”. In this sentence, nothing seems
to be “put” or “up” or “with”. English learners must learn to attach the meaning “tolerate” to
that unlikely combination of words.
In the teaching process, the teacher has a duty to make his students’ difficulty
become easier. With the ongoing concern, we find it necessary to execute our work in
analyzing the meaning shades of particle in non-idiomatic phrasal verbs and constrast
them with their Vietnamese equivalents so that Vietnamese learners can easily remember
and use English phrasal verbs more effectively in their daily conversations.
2. Aims of the study:

comparison or tertium comparatiponis (TC). TC employed in this paper is translationslly
equivalents setence and all the examples used in this study are taken from Oxford
Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs and English-Vietnamese Dictionary.
5. Design of the study:
This study is designed is three parts – introduction, investigation, and conclusion.
The first part is the introduction of the study. The investigation which is the main part of the
study consists of three chapters. Chapter One supplies the general fundamental and
essential theoretical concepts involving the subject under consideration. Chapter Two
analyses the meaning shades of particle in non-idiomatic phrasal verbs and contrasts
them with their Vietnamese equivalents. And Chapter Three offers some suggested
exercises and data analysis on the research. Finally, the Conclusion offers the review of
the study and puts forward some suggestions relating to teaching and learning English
phrasal verbs.
5
CHAPTER ONE: THEORETICAL PRELIMINARIES
I. Phrasal in English
In a narrow definition, according to Richard phrasal verb is a verbal construction
consisting of a verb plus an ADVERB PARTICLE.
But in a broader definition, Seidl claims that phrasal verb is a general term for all
combination of VERB + ADVERBIAL PARTICLE or/ and PREPOSITION.
e.g. slow down
count down
put up with
II. Particles
Particles is defined as a term sometimes used for a word which cannot readily be
identified with any of the main PARTS OF SPEECH.
III. Prepositional particles and adverbial particles
1. Prepositional particles
1.1. Definition
Prepositional particles is a word which shows the relationship between a noun and

Sau tai n
ạn ông ta đi lại được rồi.
It is dangerous to go about bareheaded in the tropics.
Th
ật nguy hiểm khi đi đây đó với đầu trần ở vùng nhiệt đới.
“About” with the shade of meaning mentioned above can be formularized as follows:
Table 1
English Vietnamese
Vintrans adv.par Main V C
get, go look,
run, stand
about
đi, nhìn, chạy ,
đứng
loanh
quanh, đây
đó
(2) denotes the sense of changing direction.
e.g. The ship
put slowly about.
Con tàu t
ừ từ đổi hướng.
When the boat is turned from one tack to another, the operation is termed

going about.
Khi con thuyền được xoay đầu từ chiều gió này đến chiều gió khác, được
g
ọi là đổi hướng.
Table 2
English Vietnamese

English Vietnamese
V intrans

prep.part Main V C
come, go, look,
make, run
after
đi, trông, đuổi,
rượt
theo
sát
(2) conveys the idea of being in the same manner, character or appearance.
e.g. Your daughter does not
take after you at all.
Con gái anh trông chẳng giống anh tí nào.
Do it
after me.
Làm (việc đó) theo tôi.
Table 5
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
prep.part Main V C
(1) do
after
làm
giống
như
(2) take trông
Against

go, keep, look,
make, run
at
xông, đâm, hàm ý,
mãi mê, giữ, nhìn, tấn
công, chạy
vào,
nhằm vào
Away
(1) implies the idea of being at a distance.
e.g.
Keep away or else I shall call the police.
Tránh xa ra nếu không tôi sẽ gọi cảnh sát.
The little girl is standing away from the barking dog.
Cô gái nh
ỏ đứng tránh xa con chó đang sủa.
Table 8
English Vietnamese
Note
Vintrans adv.par Main V C
keep, stand
away
tránh,
đứng
ra xa
used with verbs
which express
no movement.
(2) conveys the sense of moving to a distance or causing to leave a place.
e.g. We are hoping to

Table 10
9
English Vietnamese
Vintrans adv.par Main V C
(1) fall
away
mất, giảm
đi
(2) cut, take bớt
(4) expresses a different direction.
e.g. The sunlight on the water was so dazzling that I had to
look away.
Ánh n
ắng mặt trời chiếu xuống nước quá chói khiến tôi phải nhìn đi hướng
khác.
Table 11
English Vietnamese
Vintrans adv.par Main V C
look
away
nhìn
hướng khác
Back
(1) suggests the sense of moving away from the front to the rear.
e.g. The two lovers
dropped back so as to be alone.
Hai người yêu nhau lùi lại đằng sau để được đi riêng.
The enemy
fell back as our troops advanced.
Quân địch rút lui khi quân ta tiến lên.

ạng, nơi
chốn cũ)
(2) bring, call, mang, gọi, lấy, trả
10
get, give, put,
take
đặt
(3) denotes a reverse direction.
e.g My watch is fast, it needs
putting back five minutes.
Đồng hồ của tôi chạy nhanh, cần phải vặn lùi năm phút.
Run the record back.
Quay ngược cuốn băng lại.
Table 14
English Vietnamese
V monotrans
adv.par Main V C
put, run
back
vặn, quay
ngược lại
(4) conveys the sense of restraining, hindering the progress of something.
e.g Financial problems have
set back our building programme.
Những khó khăn về tài chính đã cản trở chương trình xây dựng của chúng
tôi.
She was unable to
keep back her tears.
Cô
ấy không thể cầm được nước mắt.

M
ột vài dàn giáo rơi xuống suýt trúng những người đứng cạnh đó.
The bus stopped to set down an old lady.
Chi
ếc xe buýt dừng lại để cho một bà lão xuống.
Table 17
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.par Main V C
(1)come, fall,
get, go, look
down
di chuyển, rơi, đi,
nhìn
xuống
(2) break,
bring, cut, get,
keep, put,
take
phá, mang, c
ắt, đưa,
giữ, đặt, lấy
(2) implies the general meaning of putting in writing (for the purpose of remembering or of
keepiong a record).
e.g Did you
get his telephone number down?
Anh đã ghi lại số điện thoại của anh ta chưa?
The reporters took down the speech.
Các phóng viên

12
e.g Use the chemnicals to keep pest down.
Dùng hoá ch
ất để kìm hãm sự phát triển của sâu bọ.
The military junta is determined to put down all political opposition.
T
ập đoàn quân sự kiên quyết dập tắt mọi sự chống đối chính trị.
Table 20
English Vietnamese
V monotrans
adv.part Main V
beak, keep,
put
down đập tan, kìm hãm, dập tắt
Forward
(
1) suggets the general meaming of moving towards the front or causing to move forwards.
e.g. He
ran forward to greer his old friend.
Ôn
g ấy chạy đến đón ông bạn già của mình.
The captain of the winning team was
called forward to receive the cup.
Thủ quân của đội thắng cuộc được gọi lên phía trước để nhận cúp.
Table 21
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.part Main V C
(1) come, get,

13
In
(1) signifies the síne of moving inwards.
e.g. Burglars had
broken in while we were away on lholiday.
Kẻ trộm đột nhập vào nhà khi chúng tôi đi nghỉ xa
If you are writing to your mother, don’t forget to put in something about her
coming to stay.
Nếu anh viết thư cho mẹ anh, chớ quên viết thêm vào cái gì đó vè chuyện bà
âý đến chơi
.
Table 23
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.part Main V C
(1) break, go,
put
in
đột nhập,
bước, xen
vào
(2) put, take
đặt , hấp thụ
Into
(1) conveys the idea of entering or joining.
e.g When fif Britain
go into Europe ?
Nước Anh gia nhập vào châu Âu khi nào ?
The project is

making our attic into an extra bedroom.
14
Chúng tôi sẽ biến gác xép của mình thành một buồng ngủ phụ.
Cut this paper into one-inch strips and then I shall explain how the game is
played.
Hãy cắt mảnh giấy này thành những mẩu nhỏ một inch và rồi tôi sẽ giải thích
trò chơi được tiến hành như thế nào
.
Table 26
English Vietnamese
V intrans
prep.part Main V C
cut, make
into
cắt, làm
thành
Off
(1) denotes the idea of being separated or detachment.
e.g. The door handle gas
broken off.
Tay nắm cửa bị long ra.
He
cut off a metre of cloth from the roll.
Anh
ấy cắt một mét vải từ súc vải ra.
Table 27
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.part Main V C

xuống
(2) put
đưa, đặt
15
(3) conveys the sense of departing, leaving ot causing to start.
e.g. The thieves
made off in a stolen car.
Những tên ăn trộm chuồn bằng chiếc ô tô đánh cắp
Don’t set him off talking politics or he will go all evening.
Đừng có khơi mào cho nó nói đến chính trị kẻo nó sẽ tiếp tục suốt cả buổi
sáng
.
Table 29
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.part Main V
(1) get, go,
make, put,
set, take
off
khởi hành, rời, làm
(ai) bắt đầu
(2) set
(4) expresses the general meaning of no function (being disconnected or cancelling).
e.g. The heating
goes off at night.
Ban đêm lò sưởi ngừng hoạt động.
They have called off theit engagenment.
Họ đã hủy bỏ lời hôn ước.

Table 32
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.part Main V
(1) go
off (làm) nổ tung
(2) set
On
(1) suggests the continuation of an activity.
e.g. How much longer will this hot weather
go on?
Thời tiết nóng nực này còn tiếp tục bao nhiêu lâu nữa?
She does
run on so !
Cô ta
cứ thế chạy mãi.
Table 33
English Vietnamese
V intrans

adv.part Op. Main V
come, get, go,
keep, run
on
vẫn, cứ, còn,
mãi
tiếp tục,
đi, chạy
(2) expresses the general meaning of being connected or functioning.

(1) denotes the general meaning of moving toward the outside or inviting to go out.
e.g. You ought to
get out more.
Anh nên
đi ra ngoài chơi nhiều hơn.
Put out the dustbin.
Mang thùng rác ra ngoài.
Table 36
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans

adv.part Main V C
(1) come, drop,
fall, get, go,
run, keep
out
đi, rút, rơi,
di chuyển,
chạy, tránh
ra ngoài
(2) bring, call,
get, fall, put,
take
mang, gọi, dẫn,
đuổi, đặt
, đưa
(2) suggests a sudden movement or activity (or used in the spontaneous sense).
e.g. A fire
broke out in the warehouse last night.

(2) bring, get,
make
(4) implies the sense of exclusion or removing something.
e.g. Enermy missiles
took out two of our flighters.
18
Tên lửa địch đã loại hai máy bay chiến đấu của ta.
Your desk drawer needs
doing out.
Ngăn kéo bàn của anh cần phải dọn dẹp đi.
Table 39
English Vietnamese
V monotrans adv.part Main V C
cut, do, drop,
take
out
cắt, dọn,
loại
bỏ
(5) suggests the meaning of extinguishing or being disconnected.
e.g. Firemen soon
put the fire out.
Chẳng bao lâu lính cứu hỏa đã dập tắt được lửa.
Then the last flame of the fire
went out.
Và rồi ngọn lửa cuối cùng của đám cháy cũng tắt ngấm.
Table 40
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans

đặt, lấy
(2) denotes the sense of falling from an upright vertical position or to lean from this positon.
e.g. This toddler
fell over and hit his head on the leg of a chair.
Đứa bé mới châph chững té ngã và đập đầu vào chân ghế
This priceless vase dropped over and broken.
Chiếc bình vô giá ngã và vỡ tan.
19
Table 42
English Vietnamese
V intrans

adv.part Main V
drop, fall, go
over rơi, té, ngã
Note that sometimes there is very little distinction between the use of over and
down in this context. However, over is more often used of people, boats, vehicles, and
when referring to smaller standing objects e.g. vases, chairs, small trees.
(3) conveys the idea of transfer.
e.g. The ship has been sold. The new owners
take it over tomorrow.
Con tàu đã được bán. Chủ mới sẽ tiếp nhận nó ngày mai
The man told his son “I intend to make over all my shares in the company to
you”.
Người đàn ông bảo con trai mình “ Cha dự định sẽ chuyển hết cổ phần của
cha ở công ty cho con
.”
Table 43
English Vietnamese
V monotrans

20
Table 45
English Vietnamese
V intrans
prep.part Main V C
go, look, see
over
xem
kỹ lưỡng
Out of
(1) signifies a movement outwards.
e.g. Since his defeat, he gas
dropped out of his politics.
Sau khi th
ất bại ông ta dã rút lui khỏi hoạt động chính trị.
Take your hands out of your pockets.
Hãy
bỏ hai tay trong túi ra.
Table 46
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
Adv + prep
part
Main V C
(1) break,
come, drop,
go, run
out of
thoát, đi, rút,

Kéo cờ lên cột cờ.
21
Table 48
English Vietnamese
V (1) intrans
(2) monotrans
adv.part Main V C
(1) get, go,
look
up
đứng, đi,
nhìn
lên
(2) bring, put,
run, set, take
mang, treo, kéo,
dựng, nhấc
(2) expresses the continuous aspect of the verb; maintaining something at the same,
usually at a higher level (e.g. spirit, srength).
e.g. A hot drink will soon
set you up.
Một thức uống nóng sẽ mau làm anh khỏe ra.
The enermy kept up their bombardment day and night.
Quân
dịch duy trì sự oanh tạc của chúng cả ngày lẫn đêm.
Table 49
English Vietnamese
V monotrans
adv.part Main V
get, make,

2. TO COME
1. It’s not a good idea to ……… ……… a man ……… his wife.
2. The film doesn’t ……… ……… .
3. Does this knock ……… ……… ? No, it’s fixed on permanently.
4. I ……… ……… an old friend in Oxford street this morning.
5. The camera just ……… ……… the just time I used it.
6. We’d love to ……… ……… to your place tonight, but I’m afraid we’re a bit tied up with
work at the moment.
7. Two men ……… ……… him from the side of the steps.
8. I moved my car out of the way so that a heavy lorry could ……… ………
9. Jobs are harder to ……… ……… more than when I left university.
10. Mary and two of her children ……… ……… ……… typhus.
3. TO TAKE
1. The magician’s trick ………… ………… everyone in the audience.
2. You need to keep fit. Why don’t you ………… ………… jogging.
3. Our new boss was so pleasant that everyone ………… ………… her at once.
4. If you ask David for help, he always want to ………… …………completely.
5. We had to check in at 3 a.m., but the plane didn’t ………… ………… till 7.
6. I find that my work has ………… ………… so much of my time that I don’t have any free
time.
7. There was simply too much information, I couldn’t ………… it all ………….
8. If you take ………… 6 ………… ………… 21, the answer is 15.
9. His grandfather and father were lazy too. I think he ………… ………… both of them.
10. I wish I could ………… ………… what I said to her.
4. TO RUN
1. The lease on their London flat ……………… ……………… in a few months.
2. Two children were ……………… ……………… at that road junction last month.
3. Don’t fill the kettle too full. It’ll ……………… ……………….
4. The money inherited from his father was quickly ……………… ……………….
5. I shouldn’t wash those shirts in the same water, or else the colours will ………………

7. He ………… ………… his mother’s salary in just one week.
8. She is ………… ………… so well.
9. I can’t ………… ………… a thing like that happening to him.
10. We’d better ………… ………… the lake before the storm breaks, or we’ll get soaked.
7. TO SET
1. The bank helps people wanting to ………… ………… business.
2. He ………… ………… to climb Everest.
3. We try to ………… ………… some money for our holiday every week.
4. They have recently ………… ………… a committee on teenage smoking.
5. If we hadn’t ………… ………… so late, we would have arrived on time.
6. I must ………… ………… my packing.
7. What time are you planning to ………… ………… tomorrow?
8. I try to ………… ………… a few minutes each day to do some exercises.
9. Panic on the stock market ………… ………… a wave of selling.
10. I must get those bulbs planted before the cold weather ………… ………….
24
DATA ANALYSIS
The survey was conducted to make a comparison of the test results of students
before and after gaspsing the meaning shades of particle in non-idiomatic phrasal verbs
and their Vietnamese equivalents. The object of the survey was students specilizing in
English of Grade 12 at Le Quy Don High School with the total of 24.
During the process of learning, students are taught to understand the meanings of
particle in non-idiomatic phrasal verbs and contrast them with their native language. By
doing so, they find it easy to remember the meaning of phrasal verbs and do their
exercises without difficulties.
Before learning meaning shades
After learning meaning shades
students percentage students percentage
14 58.33% 20 83.33%