XU
LY
NUOC
THAI CUA QUA
TRINH
SAN
XUAT SUA
BANG
PHUONG
PHAP HOA HOC
(The chemical method for treatment of milk waste water)
TRIEU THI
NGUYET
Tritdng
Dai hoc Khoa hoc
Ti£
nhien
Abstract
Waste water of Hanoi milk company was treated by oxidation
method using
CaOCl2
and CaO. The optimum conditions involving:
pH, time and weight of
CaOCl2
and CaO were
studied.
The obtained
results were applied for the removal
S^',
organic compounds, smell
and color in the milk waste water.

ly
chat thai trudc khi thai ra nguon
Chung. Ket qua la mdi trudng xung quanh bi d nhiem do cac xi nghiep
thai ra mot khd'i
lugng
Idn
chat thai hiru ca. Vi vay, viec tim ra cdng
nghe phii hgp de xir ly
nude
thai cua cac
xi
nghiep thuc pham la van
de ra't quan trgng va mang tinh cap bach.
Trong cdng nghe xir ly
nude
thai
ndi chung va
nude
thai cdng
981
nghiep thuc pham ndi rieng, mot
v^a^n
«.,w
mv"
M""'
"&""'
•^"
i i.uug
dung cac phuang phap tdng hgp: ca hgc, hoa- ly va sinh hgc [1,4,5,6,
7,8].

CaOClj
va CaO.
2.
Thuc nghiem
a. Ddi
tugng vd
phuang phap nghien
citu
-
Nude
thai dugc lay sau day chuyen san xua't siia ud'ng
ciia
nha
may
siia Ha Ndi va dugc bao quan trong binh polyetylen.
MSu
dugc dem phan
tich ngay de xac dinh chi so COD, sau dd tie'n hanh xir ly
mSu.
- Nhu cau oxy hoa hgc (COD) dugc xac dinh bang phuang phap
K2Cr20,
[2].
- Ham lugng sunfua trong
nude
thai dugc xac dinh nhu sau:
Lay mot the tich chinh xac
nude
thai, diing dung dich Zn
(CH,COO)2 de ket
tiia

40"C,
dang nhiet 2
phiit,
sau do
nang
len
100"C,
ding nhiet 10
phiit;
lugng bam
mtulml.
- Xir ly
mlu:
Dimg hdn hgp
CaOCl2 va
CaO de xir ly
nude
thai.
Cach tie'n hanh: Lay 100ml
nude
thai cho vao binh ndn,
di^u
chinh pH
ciia nude
bang dung dich
H2SO4
loang.
Cho vao miu
mdt
982

2.1. Khao sat anh hudng cua pH den qua trinh
xCfly
Tuy thudc vao pH cua mdi trudng ma dang ton tai
ciia
cac hgp
cha't hiru ca cung nhu cua sunfua trong dung dich cd the khac nhau.
Do vay pH cd anh hudng tdi kha nang oxy hoa cac hgp chat hiru ca va
sunfua trong qua trinh xir ly.
Trong
thi
nghiem nay chiing tdi chi nghien ciru pH ban dau tir 5 -
8,5, la khoang pH cho phep
ciia nude
thai theo tieu chuan B.
Lugng CaO: 0,04g
Lugng
CaOCl2:
0,04g
Thdi gian: xac dinh ngay
Ke't qua dugc chi ra d bang 1
Bang 1: Anh hudng cua pH dung djch den qua trinh
\\x
ly
IT
1
2
3
4
5
pHa

s/-
0
0
0
0
0
Mau
con
con
0
0
0
Miii
-I-+
4-1-
+
+
+
(d: cac chi tieu
ciia nude
thai ban
ddu
chua xir ly
s: cac chi tieu cua
nude
thai sau
\\i
ly
++:
mill

tren giay lgc,
do dd COD cd trong dich lgc sau xir ly giam. Khoang pH tdi uu nay
cung chinh la khoang pH ban dau
ciia
nude thai. Nhu vay pH cua
nude thai rat thuan
Igi
cho qua trinh xir ly cac hgp chat huu ca c6
trong
nude
thai.
pH cua
nude
thai sau khi xu ly thay doi khdng dang ke so vdi pH
ban dau va van nam trong gidi han cho phep ve pH
ciia nude
thai theo
tieu chuan B (pH: 5-9).
2.2. Khao sat anh hudng cua thdi gian den qua trinh
xuly
Trong
thi
nghiem nay chiing tdi chgn dieu kien:
pH=7-8 (pH
ciia
nude thai)
Lugng CaO: 0,04g
Lugng
CaOCl2:
0,04g

17,2
17,2
s/
0
0
0
0
Mau
0
0
0
0
Miii
++
+
+
+
Tir bang 2 thay rang, thdi gian gan nhu khdng anh hudng den qua
trinh xir ly
S^",
cac hgp chat hiiu ca va mau, nhu vay phan ling oxy hoa
khir giiia
CaOCl2
vdi
S^'
va hgp chat hiru ca xay ra
gdn
nhu
tiic
thdi.

Cac ke't qua dugc chi ra d bang 3
Bang 3: Anh
huong
cua lugng CaO den qua trinh xu ly
TT
1
2
3
4
5
m
CaO (g)
0,01
0,02
0,03
0,04
0,05
COD,
2120
2120
2120
2120
2120
COD,
432
39
230,7
165
64
•Jd

ciia nude thai cung ma't,
S^'
bi loai hoan toan va mui con it.
Ciing
vdi
viec tang ham lugng CaO thi lugng ke't tua nhieu han, nhu vay cd the
vai trd cua CaO la cung ca'p
Ca^"^
de chuyen cac chat tan gay d nhiem
ve dang ket tua.
2.4. Khao sat anh hudng cua luang
CaOCIi
den qua trinh xuly
CaOCl2 la
chat oxy hoa manh, nd cd the oxy hoa cac hgp chat hiiu
ca, xyanua,
S^"
thanh cac chat ket tiia (vi du S) hoac chat de bay hai
(vi du
CO2)
nen lugng
CaOCl2
thay doi cd anh hudng den hieu qua xir
ly sunfua, cac hgp chat hiiu ca trong
nude
thai.
Trong
thi
nghiem nay chiing tdi chgn dieu kien:
988

243
120
64
^d
18,7
18,7
18,7
18,7
s/
5,27
0
0
0
Mau
con
con
con
0
Miii
++
++
+
+
Tir ket qua tren chiing tdi thay, lugng
CaOCl2
thay doi cd anh
hudng de'n ca COD, ham lugng
S^,
mau
va

CaOClj
tang den 0,02g (STT4), ket qua xir ly tuang ddi td't,
nude
thai sau xir ly khdng con
S^",
khdng mau,
miii
cdn rat it va COD dat chi
tieu B ve nude thai.
Ket hgp ke't qua d cac bang 1,2,3 va 4, chiing tdi tha'y rang de xii
ly 100ml nude thai
ciia
nha may siia Ha Ndi
cin
0,02g
CaOClz
va
0,05g hoac 0,04g CaO va 0,04g
CaOCl2.Tuy
nhien, de giam gia thanh
xir ly, chiing tdi chgn dieu kien xir ly: 0,02g
CaOCl2
va 0,05 CaO cho
100ml
nude
thai. Nhu vay, de xir ly
Im^
nude thai,
c^n
diing 0,2kg

Th6i
gian
luu
(phiit)
0,782
0,790
0,789
0,788
Dien
tich
pic (PA.S)
2,58.10"
1,06.10'
0,83.10"
0,63.10"
Maul:
Nude
thai chua xir ly.
Mau 2,3,4:
nude
thai sau xir ly tuang
ling
vdi cac thi nghiem 2,3,4
(bang 4).
Tii ke't qua d bang 5 tha'y rang cac mau
nude
thai sau xir ly cd ham
lugng cac cha't hiiu ca giam nhieu so vdi
mSu
chua xir ly (giam 60 -

stra
Ha Ndi.
- pH: 7 - 8,5 (bang chinh pH ban dau
ciia nude
thai).
- Phan ling xay ra
tiic
thdi nen khdng can keo dai thdi gian xir ly.
- Lugng CaO va
CaOClj
can thiet de xir ly
Im^
nude
thai tuang
itng la 0,5kg CaO va 0,2 kg
CaOClj.
3.
Da xu ly
nude
thai cua nha may siia Ha Ndi,
nude
thai sau xii ly
khdng cdn
S^',
khdng cdn mau, miii cdn ra't it va COD = 64mg/l, dat
chi tieu nude thai loai B.
Tai lieu tham khao
1.
Lam Minh Triet. "Nghien
ci(u

ofUASB
in treatment of beer
waste
water". Shanghai Huanjung Kexue, 20
(11),
540-542 (Chinese)
2001.
5.
Ma, Sanjian, Liu, Feng; Jiang, Jing dong: "Treatment of food
processing waste water by UASB - TF". Zhong guo Jishui
Paishui, 17 (12), 54 - 56 (Chinese) 2001.
6. Li, Yao. "Treatment of beer production wastewater by up -flow
anerobic sludge blanket - oxidation ditch process". HuanJing
Gongchen, 19 (4), 56-57, (Chinese), 2000.
7.
Zuo, yongquan: 'Technology for treatment of beer Waste
water".
Huanjing Gongcheng, 18(1) 26-28 (Chinese) 2000.
8. T.Tagawa, H.Takahashi, Y. Sekiguchi, A. Ohashi and H.Harada:
"Pilot - plant study on anaerobic treatment of a lipid - and
protein - rich food industrial waste water by a thermophilic
multi
- staged UASB reactor". Water Science and Technology
IWA
Publishing 2002, Vol 45, No 10, pp 225 - 230.
988