Kỷ yếu công trình khoa học 2014 – Phần II

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A STUDY ON PARTICIPATION OF THE CUCHI COMMUNITY
IN TOURISM BUSINESS BY KAP SURVEY
Nguyen Thi Hai, Associate Prof., PhD
Bui Cam Phuong, MA
Department of Vietnamese Studies
Tóm tắt: KAP (kiến thức, thái độ và thực tiễn) là kĩ thuật thu thập, đánh giá ba loại
thông tin cơ bản để giúp nắm bắt được vị trí của cộng đồng trong một vấn đề có liên quan
đến người dân trong một địa bàn nào đó. Chính vì vậy nó được sử dụng khá rộng rãi trong
các vấn đề nghiên cứu y tế cộng đồng không chỉ ở nước ngoài mBuià cả ở Việt Nam. Tuy
nhiên kĩ thuật này chưa được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu du lịch. Bài báo giới thiệu kết quả
khảo sát, phân tích dữ liệu điều tra 345 mẫu được tiến hành thu thập ở khu di tích cách mạng
địa đạo Củ Chi trong năm 2013. Kết quả khảo sát đã giúp xác định được khoảng cách (gaps)
giữa các yếu tố điều tra KAP, đây sẽ là căn cứ quan trọng để đề xuất các giải pháp phát triển
du lịch cộng đồng tại địa bàn.
Từ khóa: community participation, tourism survey, KAP, Cu Chi, Vietnam.
INTRODUCTION
Sustainable tourism, in general, and community-based tourism in particular, have been
the optimist choice of tourism development in many developing countries, including Vietnam.
Researches on community and its participation in tourism development, though old-fashioned,
have never stopped being a hot-debated area among tourism researchers in Vietnam.
However, up to present, not many of such researches introduce a standardized procedure for
tourism survey on this topic. The lack of methods raises questions about the systematic,
objective, and scientific nature of the results. In this context, KAP survey seems to be an
appropriate solution to deal with the rather subjective issue, the people's perception.
Following Gitar Bamezai (2012) KAP survey was first done in the field of family
planning and population studies in the 1950s. Then, it has been applied for advocacy,
communication and social mobilization (ACSM) strategy planning for Community Health,

With the estimated population of tourism participators of 700 to 900, the number of
sample is calculated to be 260 (with level of confidence 95%, p=0.5, q=1-p). In fact, we had
delivered 300 questionnaires, and collected 254, which are fully answered.
The questions on the questionnaire are conducted into four parts. The first part
includes questions about demographical characteristics of the interviewees. The second, third,
and fourth parts successively convey questions on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices
(participation activities) of the interviewees. Most of them are multiple choices. Before the
survey was done, they had been discussed among professionals.
The survey was then conducted with trained interviewers and selected interviewees to
reduce bias. After that, the collected data was processed and analyzed into defined tables for
the suggestion part. This paper makes a contribution to the tourism studies by adopting the
KAP survey technique into community participation researches which, as far as we have
studied, has never been applied before.
Based on SMART principle, the authors have developed questions for a questionnaire
on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of participants in tourism in three villages near the
Cuchi Heritage Site, namely An Phu, Phu My Hung, An Nhon Tay. Following solutions have
been suggested based on the found gaps between these three dimensions, i.e. between
Knowledge and Attitude, and between Attitude and Practices.
RESULTS
The characteristics of participants in tourism industry
Of the 254 interviewees, 79.2% are villagers living in the surroundings of Cuchi
tunnels, while the others are those permanently living in other provinces but doing business
here. The interviewees are 60 years old or over (27.95%). Female outnumbers male by 58.3%
to 41.7%. Concerned the education of interviewees, the rate of illiterate people and of
undergraduates are similar 14.57%, showing an unexpectedly high rate of uneducated and a
low rate of high educated population compared to the general population as figured by the
statistics.
Kỷ yếu công trình khoa học 2014 – Phần II

Trường Đại học Thăng Long 274

(the question 13th) and their tourists (the questions 14th to 19th). Results show that almost all
participants are proud of the historic value of the site (88.98%), and are willing to welcome
guests (79.13%) as well as to take part in more tourism-related activities (89.76%). For the
question on bad behaviors toward tourists such as surcharging much more expensive than the
ordinary price, 49.21% are "against" and 25.59% are "totally against". It can be interpreted
that participants are highly aware of the cost of bad attitudes toward tourists. In other words,
we could have a good background for building tourism business "culture", which may still be
a big problem for many other provinces in Vietnam.
Table 1. Attitude of the respondents
Questions
Answers
Number
of choice
Percentage
All Vietnamese know about Cuchi?
Sure
226
88.98%

Not sure
19
7.48%

I don’t know
9
3.54%
Do you want more visitors to come
here?
Sure
201

Question and answers
Number
of choice
Percentage
What’s your kind of business
here?
242
95,28%
Tour guide
28
11,02%
Mototaxi driver
53
20,87%
Homestay
22
8,66%
Bars
91
35,83%
Restaurant
18
7,09%
Souvernir seller
16
6,30%
Guest house
14
5,51%
About the main activities that they participated in, the highest rate (35.83%) falls in

contribution of authors to improve the objective and scientific nature of community's
perception survey by introducing a rather new technique of so-called KAP survey. The data
collected from the survey in Cuchi tunnels, one of the Heritage Sites of Vietnam, pictured the
current situation in people's mind through three dimensions: Knowledge, Attitude, and
Practices. The gaps found out between these dimensions are different between each group of
locals, suggesting more concrete and appropriate solutions for better tourism management.
Nevertheless, this research is, of course, never a faultlessness, and all kinds of comments will
be greatly welcomed for better applications of KAP survey in tourism in the future.
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thuật này chưa được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu du lịch. Bài báo giới thiệu kết quả khảo sát,
phân tích dữ liệu điều tra 345 mẫu được tiến hành thu thập ở khu di tích cách mạng địa đạo
Củ Chi trong năm 2013. Kết quả khảo sát đã giúp xác định được khoảng cách giữa các yếu tố
điều tra KAP, đây sẽ là căn cứ quan trọng để đề xuất các giải pháp phát triển du lịch cộng
đồng tại địa bàn.