+++++
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP HÀ NỘI
KHOACÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN
BÀI TẬP LỚN
ĐỀ TÀINghiên cứu tìm hiểu về Bộ nhớ Ngoài
trong HĐH Linux.
Nhóm thực hiện: Nhóm 6
Lớp: ĐH Khoa Học Máy Tính 2 – K7
Trường: ĐH Công Nghiệp Hà Nội
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BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHIỆP HÀ NỘI
KHOA CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN

ĐỀ TÀI: NGHIÊN CỨU TÌM HIỂU VỀ QUẢN LÝ BỘ NHỚ NGOÀI TRONG
HĐH LINUX

NHÓM 6
GV hướng dẫn: Th.s Nguyễn Thanh Hải
Nhóm thực hiện gồm các thành viên:
1. Lâm Văn Thư
2. Nguyễn Văn Quân
3. Nguyễn Tiến Trung
4. Hà Trọng Tấn
5. Trần Văn Thịnh

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)&))&)X:efg/A^)Vh@B/_)i,XA
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/A^)U1L-')/bb,).-)&)A-'-)Y)B4$X)T
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A(&S)IlDX)&)Ye:7kX)&)'`E)*VL@e'X)&)(YA\
(-')@DVM7A4m;-%a;X-)&)2@B)^7))Y-')-K
7ZAm7DmFF)D1SDmFF)D
%L/8X/A^)7&_)@Z-hnJoX'U'/RS
p^(V9A^)&)MN>)-hnX-/A^)Vh@BR2@B
M&)1q(&S)&,))&)V6(&S-)&)NE>A)&)
(&S/'U@/
]1/8X/A^)7&_-Vh@BLeA\V1S(65S6X
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/d\b)TrME7/A^))&)76$/)`SR-:()(&)
2)/9-VH9E)I1)VFs@lV(V90-H)GL@0/U
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`SR3-MK(:9X/):S)1uMVV&-s@lV3)TA)&)
/t)/_(-R&vXMYE7B)-))=7/t)j)I1
b/A^)7&_L((Yk7&_78(R(d(L'`
5S6X'UV9A^78)2/A^)p^L-w)Z=M6(
9V-s@lVxk)&)k/RM_NEA*)-s@lVR*
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I. Khái niệm cơ bản.
- 5Nk()A*k/1)US{
](S6`1Q)I1'9&))A*k-@e'(
-')/Ry(6

u•3578S)>Y(9')&)'9FD6N/A^)Vh@B
A;X;X;<)b/):S)1-)bMK`&k1
&)6@e'u…13
2) Tên phần chia hệ thống
1()N/N)&)78)16/01)2Vh@B(VHMN^7)I1)&)
)e)&-)&))V9†)&)78)1/A^)/t6()&)M&U-(16(
RY*V-)&)7A*7&7Vh@BL)&)'/RM&)Q78
)1‚D@1/R1()N`1)&):7X-6:7/A^)/tD
/E@UV1•@D-•S
5/b•@D-•6)I1A(B))21=))&):7NEa)&)78)1
y(6/01)2X-/01)2(UNEXxk-:SX=))&):7/U@')
)&)78)1Vzy(A(B)•@D-•
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y(6/b56)I1(V9NEYA\1d(aj/01)2!a;†Gaj/01
)2GG!†G‚j/01a‚mGG!†ˆaj/01(R(†a‚m6MN:7NE
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}e)&S&)/ENE(78)1y(6/b5/b
‰„j/01)22=X(1VD
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]„j/01)22=XV1-D
„j/01)221X(1VD
a„j/01)221XV1-D
5@B•@D-•@1j/01!a;2=†•@D-•V@j/01GG!21
G9)9)._E)78)1&)V9q/N<&)/E978)1
/86u7(1S1SDD@D@3&)78)1)/A^)/&V9r/8q?
3) Hệ thống tập tin Ext2
a) Giới thiệu
;1S'9:7(L21('9:7@))&)'
9,>)/8b/A^)NMN/_1SN)'9:7(Lb

)T)b_q)&)'9ˆ‰5X5ˆGX]DmGXmG•X1)mGS=/N;Y
`1)&)k')A5mmGx)ZRMKM&)A)b_@•@6(
-)&)MK);
b) Cấu trúc trên đĩa
   5=))&))=>)@e'/A^)/tM))‹@H16M)A)(M9
u)M3%)A))I1M97B)-M)A))I1'9:75@BX/9
-/01(R(XM)A)M9%]uVD)V3XM)A)M9678)14]
<%]1SJ%]
'9:7/A^))1eb(M9u)M73XV9A^)&)
b(M9)T7B)-M)A))I1'9:75@BX/01(R()i)21
(b(M9†)Z(78)14])b_/A^))1b(M9
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)&)Y(YU&'9:7'X1d()&)YV1
~ Superblock21)&)Y)*=-)&)))I1'9:7
X@BAjV9@DXjV9M9XU&'9:7ƒ
~ Group descriptors(()=>)X(p)=>)(Y(b(M9X-E
@D)I1bX/dM9-@Dƒ
~ Block bitmap])M](17/A^)A\/tUM9/86)I1b(M9
p/U@')U&')I1M9b(M9/b†/bX&E
?
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)b01M9/1/A^)Vh@B-)A1/A^)Vh@B%9/86)I1b(
M9S/A^)/U@'L)I1SDXM92/A^)/U@'L)I1SDX
M92J/A^)/U@'LCu)1=3)I1SDXMM92W/A^)/U
@'Lu=7=3)I1SD
~ Inode bitmap!@D](17)b)2)KA*HA)M(17X(p
/U@')(@D@Du@D1D3p(b(M9)b(@D
(17
~ Inode table]@D/A^)Vh@B/_A-N=))&):7†-EXM)
A)XM_-)&)`SRS,7)I1:7/R/A^)Ae)&)@D56:7

&)A(B)/A^),S@HA:7)bM_/t)'5H)NX(A(B)
(:7)b)21(@1V&))&)(B)qp((B)q)b)=>)=/*X
1d()b1A\V9@D)I1:7-6:7/b%(Nk)b1(
)NA(B)X(c,'/Rk(MN()&)A(B)/_k(V9@D
A*2G1M6/c/A^))S_/jV9@DX@D/A^)U7-
-/A^)Vh@BLeS6)8N7V1
e) Quản trị hệ thống file ext2
Filesystem cachingy(K'V=)I1'9FDDX)1)D/A^)
@./_Ae)&)@e'/A^)@.A\S65Y)I1FDVSVD(/A^)
)1)DX/YM/A^)1(MA(/'(/01XLk-')S
):7-k1*RV-)&)/01-:n1`&k/Q)-/R
/A^))1)D@e'6‚‰'9FFDV/01)kFDVSVD(/&72)
1))&)1&)/Q)a‚‰U(\XFFDVz/A^)-/01
M(&SU/X1SMFDVSVD(/A^)(
'VS))b_@./_•7MDD=))&)FFDV-)&)FD6/01'
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a) Giới thiệu
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- Đặc điểm:
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V6@e')I1D</c/A^)/E01V•‚=Re1S/jX/1/A^)
hXt)/1/A^)NMN/_)r))rD<VzL/E@U
- Kiểm tra tổng thể:
x')6(V6@e'M_(1j`&-/E@UD<Vz)7•7/E
@US@•@7&'1pV1VbX-VzH
—
()&)Vh1p)^71Sxk
AL-@e'=Sq/01)2&)(Y)I1b(@e'/A^)6(78M_(1
j_-A)(p/UuVD)3)I1b(5N7DX-')M_(1j_7
M_(1:Mu…13XLxkb)21(:/)1)&)V6@e'`1QX-b
YY/A^)16B)a/b)&)1S/jt)pw6Vz/A^)7&'
q/,S
eM_(1j_6(-:M)I1/E@UD<A*/9
'5/E@UD-D<X(p`&k1/j@e'A:M)b)=
>)d((M9(L/8-(M9)21@e'5V9`&kN
:MXM9)21@e'VzMY/A^)h/N/01)2)/NMM9(L/8-)
M9V6@e'/A^)(Y/8S/IXV1/b=)/A^)-/01)2&k1
/j@e'N7D)8/^)/NMM9@e'A)/b/A^)-/01X
-br/8)b_@./_)iVh1/E@U:7

9)/)1S1Skb)b_1S/jR:7)i(,S5/E
@UD<XM_qMVh@B@D*X/c)b_AU@=-N\1)&)
/N1Y,Sx/))&)A\1(DX((D-)(DX)b6((
A\()(D/A^)U1M:7/A^)U(X-/A^)6(-@D)I1
/E@UD</8/A^)@./_A@e')I11Y,SX)ZU/A^)Vh
@B/_(L\1XDMŸS6/NCK(N7D
&)76ˆG-<L(&SM&))8)&)):7:)I1:7q(&S)IXD
2H/_@e'L(&SM&)Y(=1S)M)(D/A^)p^/N
1Y,SXk@=-N\1)I1:7)TMY)8):7:/N(2)1Y,S
&)@D)I1/E@UD</A^))1()&)76y)&))=7(/N(
)o<)(p@D]/N(SK6(pM:7)b1S/j]/N(/A^)
MLUM:7r/8/A*)U1x')/N(8AMY_S1
?

/A^)X-jV9/N(/c/A^)&-M_(1+62)I1)&)A\
@D/A^)'d(JX/b@.)@DA\-@.
)@D)‹
o

III. Sự cấp phát bộ nhớ
1) Cấp phát lưu động
e7A*2)/*=)-'))=77&)1
e)A*u713M)A))9/Ep)A*)b_)21)
&)(Nka/bX(2)/)I1(71((/A^)UL(V9A^
)A*5)&)2) multiplepartitionXM()A*H@X(Nk/A^)
H1)Qq/^-u7`DD3-/A^)U7-)A*H@/b%Nk
/bMN>)X)A*/bV•V)(NkM&)&)2)S/A^)Vh@B7j
NL'/R!]mGou/A^)Qˆ53†bMY/A^)Vh@B,&)
2)N7D/A^)(Y(VHj^7)I1A^)/d)A*0u/A^)Qx53†
b/A^)Vh@Be(YA\hnDM9RAALL/,S)Z)b

8MRS/A^)/_U1(D*>)SX'9)b_)8M_(1
')b1SMY)beNk/1/^-')bMYSH@
8/,S-/A^)MN^7U)b_|1(ceS6)8)I1=M€Nk/1)\
/^S
5IB)S(_')B_)I1vấn đề cấp phát lưu trữ động b)X
)&6`1/N)&)(|1(c(S6)8M)A)n q(@1V&)DH
@bR)&)`SN-=/RS&))NA^)firstfit, bestfit, -worstfit (/U
d=3e)&A\/A^)Vh@B/_H1)Q(DH@q:7)&)D)b
V•
- First fit.=77&D/86)&(/Ix')k(MN()b_r/8t)
q/8:7Dt)*((MN(FVFA)/cMN>)>1)b_@q-')
k(MN(1SM)>1k(=S(DH@/I
~Best fit.=77&D|=)&(/I>17k(MN(
@1V&)/bXqM@1V&)/b/A^)Vr7VN7DM))‹NA^)SU1(
D@A1q1|=
~Worst fit=77&D=A^)UX)>17k(MN(
@1V&)qMb/A^)Vr7N7DM)A)NA^)SU1(D@A1
q1=X)&()b_e)*RV-D@A1q1|*qN7):
DVF
e(Y7|-q1kSk)first fit-best fit9*worst fit
-')(\1-:@BAe
2) Cấp phát liên kết link
~'9:7)I1H)M&'(:76MNuM3R:7
)b_/A^)6MN(@D!@D)b(A\)21V9A^:7/A^)6
MNb5U(:76MN=/*X)i-')U((B)qA(B)X
/bV9@D)i@D(96MNX-KV9/N()I1)&):76MN
J

@D%(6MNEb1|X)b01M(:76MNE&X,'/R
(V9/N(A^:76MN-|)=77&)I1@DMV9/N(S