VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIERSITY, HA NOI
INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES
-----------------------------------------------------

TRAN DIEU THUY

EVALUATION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MONUMENTS
FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
IN QUANG TRI PROVINCE

MASTER THESIS
MAJOR: VIETNAMESE STUDIES

Hanoi, 2014


VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIERSITY, HA NOI
INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES
-----------------------------------------------------

TRAN DIEU THUY

EVALUATION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MONUMENTS
FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
IN QUANG TRI PROVINCE

MASTER THESIS
MAJOR: VIETNAMESE STUDIES

Code: 60220113
Supervisor: PhD. Tran Thanh Ha


2.1. An overview of Quang Tri and its cultural and historic site system .....Error!
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2.2. Typical cultural and historical relics and sites in Quang Tri Province
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2.2.1. The cultural historical on the list of special rankings ............ Error!
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2.2.2. The cultural historical relics on the list of National ranking . Error!
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2.2.3. The cultural historical relics on the list of provincial ranking
................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3. The status of tourism development and exploitation of cultural
historical relics to serve tourism development in Quang Tri ProvinceError!
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2.3.1 The number of tourists and the revenue ........ Error! Bookmark not
defined.
2.3.2. The conservations and renovations of historical relics to serve
tourism development ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.3. The organization and management to exploit relics for tourism
development ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.4. The contributions of local people.. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4. General assessment of the extraction activities of cultural historical
relics in Quang Tri Province for the tourism development ................ Error!
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2.4.1. Some achieved results ................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.2. Some shortages.............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Chapter 3: The appropriate exploitation and utilization of cultural historical

monuments for the tourism development in Quang Tri ProvinceError! Bookmark not defined


encouraging the whole society to pay attention to revolutionary traditional
inheritances during the nation’s development and integration.
Cultural and historical monuments’ preservation and services’
development are difficult problems. How to develop without changing or
spoiling monuments, how to prove cultural and historical values and make the
economic development become an investment into preserving and advertising
are proposed questions, which need answers. In the other word, this is a
sustainable approach to tourism development based on inheritances’ values.
The research on cultural and historical monuments for the purpose of
developing tourism can be seen as an effective task which “partly preserves
and proves cultural values” and establishes the premise for sustainable
tourism development and great economic values. At the present, tourism is
known as a smokeless industry bringing several economic profits to countries
in the world. Tourism is defined as the leading economic branch in Vietnam,
a developing country. However, tourism has reciprocal relationships with


other branches; therefore, tourism development needs suitable and specific
development policies and projects so that the development has no negative
effects on the nature, culture, society and so on. In terms of cultural and
historical monuments, they possess great values of the age. However, they are
easily affected and damaged if they are accessed in an inappropriate way.
How to make tourism become a tool for information exchanges and culture
access so that people can study and explore the world and how to preserve
and develop cultural and historical monuments with their own positions are
really difficult and challenging to the current tourism in particular and the
whole society in general.
Besides plentiful natural resources such as Cua Tung, Cua Viet seaside,
the tourist attraction of DaKrong, the green tourism area of Tra Loc and so on,
Quang Tri has cultural and historical depth. It is known as “War Museum of

There were 415 historical monuments, mainly revolutionary historical ones
(making up 87%) [24]. Quang Tri not only has the exceeding number of
tourist spots but also is located on many important arterial roads. It is the
point of junction among three big tourism lines, including Trans – Vietnam
route, East - West economic corridor and the central inheritance way. It can
be said that they are advantages for Quang Tri’s tourism development.
However, it can be seen from the fact that the current tourism development in
Quang Tri is inadequate to its real potential. Due to specific characteristics of
revolutionary historical monuments, natural conditions’ strong effects and
appropriate authorities’ undisciplined management, the majority of Quang
Tri’s monuments are damaged, degraded and even some are abandoned.
Additionally, the research and utilization of monuments’ values are still
unilateral, mainly emphasize their material values and ignore the immaterial


ones. Residents’ unawareness of their responsibilities also leads to many
difficulties in cultural and historical monuments’ preservation and sustainable
development.
The preservation and development of historical monuments’ values is
not only to preserve and respect ancestors’ intellectual contributions through
historical generations but also current generations’ sacred responsibilities and
duties to be grateful to our benefactors. From the above fact and gathered
knowledge during the Master course of Vietnamese studies, the author chose
the topic:” Assessment on cultural and historical monuments for sustainable
tourism development in Quang Tri province”.
2. Literature review
In the world, tourism is considered as one of the biggest economic
branches with great potential[25]. Thus, tourism has been paid attention and
studied by several specialists, scientists and managers. However, the concept
of sustainable tourism was mentioned for the first time in the 1990s when

many studies about conservation of relics associated with sustainable
development as: "Preservation of Hue ancient capital for sustainable
development"[16], "Conversation of monuments, an important factor of
sustainable development"[19],"Preservation of historical cultural relics in Hai
Phong in the context of industrialization, modernization and integration"[18].
In terms of scope of the study, the most considerable is the paper
“Investigation and evaluation of potential territory for planning and
development ecotourism in Quang Tri Province” by Prof. Truong Quang
Hai[41]. Its approach is to generally assess resources but mainly focus on
natural tourism ones. Besides, there is one more study by Bui Thi Thu,
namely “Basic science construction serves the identification of tour in Quang


Tri Province”[23]. On this topic, the writers emphasize the assessment of
tourism resources for the purposes of developing tours around Quang Tri
province. In addition, some authors mention the issue of Quang Tri’s tourism
development but they only assert the great potential of developing tourism in
Quang Tri.
3. Object, scope and aims of the study
3.1 Object and scope of the study
Thesis research object is the value of tourism ( the ability to exploit
tourism) of the historical cultural monuments of Quang Tri in general, a
typical number of monuments in particular. Furthermore, the author also
illustrates some factors affecting the formation and development of cultural
and historical monuments in Quang Tri province.
The paper covers the analysis of cultural and historical value, the
current exploitation, the utilization and assessment of cultural and historical
monuments based on criteria for the sustainable tourism development.
3.2 Aims of the study
The paper aims at stablishing scientific basis for the sustainable

information to analyze and clarify the actual exploitation and utilization of
cultural and historical monuments for the purposes of developing tourism. In
addition, the criteria of assessment were laid down and better solutions were
given.
- Countryside specialized method: with the purposes of surveying the
state of cultural and historical monuments, the preservation and potential
exploitation for tourism development, the author carried out a field trip in
Quang Tri province, interviewed some managers and residents who are well –


informed about the local history and culture. Skills of the countryside and
specialized methods were applied to save time, money and improve the
reliability of collected information.
- Professional method: To assess the cultural and historical
monuments, the researcher used the professional method to lay down the
frame of assessment criteria for cultural and historical monuments’ general
evaluation. Then they can be used for the sustainable tourism development
and the solution proposal. Experts are those who teach, do research and
manage in tourism.
- Geographical information system method: this method was used to
evaluate generally monuments according to the criteria based on the
advantageous degrees for tourism development. Maps are useful tools to
illustrate historical monuments’ spatial characteristics and their relationships
with natural and social factors. Furthermore, GIS’s spatial analyzing function
(space, weight number and so on) was needed for the orientation of historical
monuments’ exploitation. Based on formed core subject maps, the managers
are able to give solutions to the suitable preservation and exploitation.
Additionally, the basis geography backgrounds used were administration and
terrain maps which are digitalized with the scale 1/ 100.000.
5. Contributions of the study


Nguyen Duy Hy (2010), "Exploiting the potential culture to develop
tourism", Vietnam tourism, 2010. Volume 1 + 2,pp. 11 & 32.

[3]

Ngo Sy Lien (1997), Complete Vietnamese history. Culture and
Information Publisher, Hanoi.

[4]

Dang Duy Loi (1992),

Evaluation and exploitation of natural

conditions and natural resources in Ba Vi district for tourism purposes,
Hanoi Pedagogical University, Hanoi.
[5]

Pham Trung Luong (2004), "Status and issues for sustainable tourism
development", Vietnam tourism journal, 12.

[6]

Duong Van Sau (2006),Culture and historical monuments and
landscapes of Vietnam, National University Ha Noi Publisher, Hanoi.

[7]

Pham Le Thao (2005), "Natural environment and development issues of

[17] Pham Thi Tuyet Nga (2010), Research of typical historic cultural
relics in Hung Yen Province for tourism development, University of
social sciences and humanities, Hanoi
[18] Le Tat Vinh (2008), "Preservation of historical cultural relics in Hai
Phong in the context of industrialization, modernization and
integration", Cultural Heritage, volume 1, 38-41.
[19] Le Thanh Vinh (2005), "Conversation of monuments, an important factor
of sustainable development", Cultural Heritage, Volume 4, 24-26.
05/2003/QĐ-BVHTT (06/02/2003), Minister of

[20] Decision volume

Culture and Information issued represervation, renovation and
restoration

of

historical-cultural

mounuments

and

landscapes

regulations, Hanoi.
[21] Decision volume 1706/2001/QĐ-BVHTT (24/7/2001),Minister of
Culture and Information approved overall planning, preservation
and promotion the value of historical - cultural monument and
landscapes , Hanoi

Vietnam approaches to conservatioN, Centre of social siences and
humanities Vietnam, Hanoi.


[33] Nguyen Thi Sao (2012), Tousim development associated with
conversation and promotion physical cultural heritage in Hai Duong,
University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi.
[34] Pham Quoc Su (2006), "Outline of subject: " Cultural heritage in
tourism business",University of social siences and humanities, Hanoi.
[35] Tran Duc Thanh (2008), Begin of science tourism, Vietnam National
University, Hanoi.
[36] Culture Sport and Tourism Quang Tri Department (2011), "Report
of tourism activity in Quang Tri", Quangtri
[37] People's Committee of Quang Tri (2012), "Planning monuments
workshop document in Quang Tri", Dong Ha city
[38] People's Committee of Quang Tri (2013), Statistical Yearbook of
Quang Tri, Quangtri.
[39] People's Committee of Quang Tri (2012), "Mission: overall planning,
preservation and repair, restoring monument system in Quang Tri
Province", Dong Ha city
[40] People's Committee of Quang Tri Province, Quang Tri department
of Culture, Sports and Tourism (2013), "The project of planning for
conservation investments, replenishment of ruins system in Quang Tri
from 1996 to 2020", Dong Ha city
[41] Truong Quang Hai (chief author) (2006), "Investigation and
evaluation of potential territory for planning and development
ecotourism in Quang Tri Province", Hanoi.
[42] Hoang Vinh (1997), Some issues of conversation and development
Cultural Heritage, National Politics Publisher, Hanoi.