Mr Nguyen
BÀI TẬP CÂU CẬN NGHĨA
Mục đích của dạng bài này là kiểm tra kiến thức về những cấu trúc tương đương hay cách chuyển đổi
câu. Thông thường đề thường đưa ra một câu và yêu cầu thí sinh chọn câu có nghĩa gần nhất với câu đã
cho trong số 4 câu cho sẵn. Tuy nhiên từ năm 2015, với sự đổi mới trong đề thi dạng bài tập này được
thay thế bằng dạng viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
Những đơn vị kiến thức thường được kiểm tra trong dạng bài tập này bao gồm:

- Chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
E.g. Newton discovered gravity. -> Gravity was discovered by Newton.

- Các dạng câu điều kiện
E.g. I was ill so I couldn't go. -> If I hadn't been so ill, I could have gone.

- Các dạng so sánh
E.g. John is taller than Jane. -> Jane is not as tall as John.

- Câu trực tiếp - câu gián tiếp
E.g. "Go away!" he said. -> He told us to go away.

- Các từ/ cụm từ tương đương
E.g. How much did you pay for it? -> How much did it cost you?

- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương
E.g. It was so hot that...-> It was such a hot day that...
I spent twenty minutes on that puzzle. -> It took me twenty minutes to do that puzzle.

- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương liên quan đến sự thay đổi thì của động từ
E.g. I haven't seen her for a long time. -> It's a long time since I last saw her.
I shouldn't have done it. -> I wish I hadn't done it.
Thường thì mỗi câu hỏi chỉ kiểm tra 1 đơn vị kiến thức.

Mr Nguyen
I. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. It rained during the match, but we enjoyed it all the same.
A. It rained during the match and we did not enjoy the match.
B. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it less.
C. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it in the same way as others.
D. It rained during the match but we enjoyed it.
2. Donald could not help weeping when he heard the bad news.
A. Donald could not stop himself from weeping at the bad news.
B. Donald could not allow himself to sweep at the bad news.
C. Donald could not help himself and so he wept.
D. Donald could not help himself because he was weeping.
3. "When I met my long-lost brother, I was at a loss for words."
A. When the speaker met his brother, he was puzzled about what to say.
B. When the speaker met his brother, he had much to say.
C. When the speaker met his brother, he refused to say anything.
D. When the speaker met his brother, he had nothing pleasant to say.
4. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this.
D. I wish you have told us about this.
5. Without transportation, our modern society could not exist.
A. Our modern society could not exist if there is no transportation.
B. Our modern society will not exist without having traffic.
C. If there were no transportation, our society would not exist.
D. If transportation no longer exists, our society will not either.
6. The newspaper has a circulation of five million.
A. The paper is five million years old.
B. Five million people read the newspaper.



Mr Nguyen
4. The book interested me more than the film.
A. I thought the book was more interesting than the film.
B. I thought the book was more interested than the film.
C. I thought the book was as interesting as the film.
D. I thought the book was not as interesting as the film.
5. The teacher did not allow the class to leave before 4:30.
A. The teacher made the class to stay until after 4:30.
B. The teacher made the class not leave until after 4:30.
C. The teacher made the class stay until after 4:30.
D. The teacher made the class leave after 4:30.
6. If I were you, I'd look for another job.
A. I suggest that you looked for another job.
B. I suggest looking for another job.
C. I suggest you to look for another job.
D. I suggest that you look for another job.
7. I only remembered the appointment when it was too late.
A. It was only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
B. Not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
C. Only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
D. It was not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
8. She finds it difficult to get up early.
A. She used to get up early.
B. She didn't use to get up early.
C. She isn't used to getting up early.
D. She is used to getting up early.
9. I met her when I was staying in Paris last summer.
A. I had met her before I went to Paris last summer.B. I met her during my stay in Paris last summer.

6. I should have studied last night but I was too tired.
A. I studied last night because I was bored.
B. I studied last night because I had to.
C. I tried to study last night, but material was too hard.


Mr Nguyen
D. I couldn't study last night because I was very tired.
7. Although Mr Pike was seriously ill, he still composed nice pieces of music.
A. Mr Pike's pieces of music were very serious.
B. Mr Pike didn't compose any nice pieces of music because he was seriously ill.
C. Despite his serious illness, Mr Pike still composed nice pieces of music.
D. Mr Pike were too ill to compose music.
8. The coffee was strong, but it didn't keep us awake.
A. The coffee was strong and it could keep us awake.
B. We were kept awake because the coffee was strong.
C. The coffee wasn't strong enough to keep us awake.
D. The coffee was so hot that it didn't keep us awake.
9. He can hardly understand this matter because he's too young.
A. This matter is too hard for him to understand.
B. He's young, but he can understand this matter.
C. The matter was difficult but he can understand it.
D. Hardly can he understand this matter because he's too young.
10. My mother had the house decorated.
A. My mother had someone decorate the house. B. My mother had to decorate the house.
C. The house is going to be decorated by my mother.
D. My mother had just decorated the house.
11. "Could you hold the line, please?" said the operator.
A. The operator told me to stop my call.
B. The operator told me to speak.

C. The weather is too cold for them going swimming.
D. It is so a cold weather that they can't go swimming.
3. My friend is living in Moscow. I received this letter from him.
A. My friend, whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
B. My friend, from whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
C. My friend whom I received this letter from is living in Moscow.


Mr Nguyen
D. My friend, that I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
4. They saw the children play football in the street.
A. The children were being seen to play football in the street.
B. The children were seen to playing football in the street.
C. The children were seen play football in the street.
D. The children were seen to play football in the street.
5. I have never been to France before.
A. It's the first time that I've gone to France.
B. It's the first time that I went to France.
C. It's the first time that I've been to France.
D. It's the first time that I was to France.
6. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you had told us about this.
C. I wish you would tell us about this. D. I wish you have told us about this.
7. He's getting them to mend the windows.
A. He's having the windows to mend.
B. He's having to mend the windows.
C. He's having to be mended the windows.
D. He's having the windows mended.
8. It started to rain at 2 o'clock and it is still raining.

B. We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
C. We cooked for the party for four hours.
D. We cooked for the party four hours ago.
7. The boatmen were able to escape just before the boat sank.
A. The boatmen could escape just before the boat sank.
B. The boatmen attempted to escape just before the boat sank.
C. The boatmen succeeded to escape just before the boat sank.
D. The boatmen managed to escape just before the boat sank.
8. It may be possible for you to go there without a visa.
A. It may not be impossible for you to go there without a visa.
B. You may be possible to go there without a visa.
C. It may be unnecessary for you to get a visa to go there.
D. You may find it possible to get a visa to go there.
9. Please don't use the shower after midnight.
A. Would you mind not to use the shower after midnight?
B. Would you like to use the shower after midnight?
C. I don't want you to use the shower.
D. Would you mind not using the shower after midnight?
10. It would be better if you did not bring your dog in here.
A. I'd rather you hadn't brought you dog in here.B. I wish you hadn't brought your dog in here.
C. I'd rather you didn't bring your dog in here.
D. You have brought your dog in here, which is against the rules.
11. The car is more expensive than it ought to be.
A. The car ought to be expensive.
B. The car shouldn't be so cheap.
C. The car looks like an inexpensive automobile.
D. The car costs more than it should.
12. Jane hardly ever enjoys eating vegetables.
A. She enjoys eating vegetables.
B. She has fun growing vegetables.

VII. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Trying to shop with young children is a nightmare.
A. She never goes shopping alone.
B. She prefers shopping with young children.
C. She likes going shopping with young chidren.
D. She finds shopping with young children stressful and terrible.
2. I find shopping stressful because I'm always afraid of making mistakes. I've got a collection of awful
mistakes at the back of my wardrobe, which I never wear.
A. He's bad at shopping.
B. Shopping always makes him enjoyable.
C. He always makes a mistake when shopping.
D. He buys everything then he puts them at the back of his wardrobe.
3. Choosing things from catalogues and the TV shopping channels is the only kind of shopping I enjoy.
A. He doesn't like shopping.
B. He never goes shopping.
C. He likes shopping from home. D. He likes going to the markets or supermarkets to shop.
4. Arantxa spends about nine months a year travelling around the world playing tennis.
A. She stays at home for three months a year. B. She doesn't have to travel a lot in her job.
C. She spends most of her time staying at home playing tennis.
D. She doesn't play tennis a lot.
5. Jame's document got lost in his house.
A. Jame's house is lost.
B. Jame lost his way in the house.
C. Jame could not find his document.
D. The house was lost in Jame's document.
6. Jane suggested going a walking holiday.
A. "How about going on a walking holiday?" said Jane.
B. Jane wanted to go on a walking holiday alone.
C. Jane suggested they gone on a walking holiday.
D. Jane didn't want to go on walking holiday.



Mr Nguyen
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Bill took a taxi he can't come to the concert in time.
15. It's such a pity your sister can't come as well.
A. I am very sorry that your sister couldn't come.
B. I wonder why your sister can't come.
C. If only your sister could come as well.
D. If only your sister can come.
VIII. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. The thick fog made it impossible for the plane to land.
A. The plane couldn't land.
B. The plane was unable to land because the fog is thick.
C. The plane was unable to land because of the thick fog.
D. The plane is impossible to land.
2. A local woman washed all Rose's clothes for her.
A. Rose had all her clothes washed by a local woman.
B. Rose asked to local woman wash all her clothes.
C. All of Rose's clothes has been washed by a local woman.
D. Rose had all her clothes to wash by a local woman.
3. Barbara is not as keen on travel as she used to be.
A. Barbara is very keen on travel.
B. Barbara used to be keener on travel.
C. Barbara used to travel many places.
D. Barbara likes travelling.
4. Eric hasn't been to London since his sister's birthday.
A. Eric came to London on his sister's birthday.
B. The last time Eric went to London was on his sister's birthday.

C. The critics were bored with the play so I found it absorbing.
D. The critics were bored with the play but I found it absorbing.
11. I wish my English were fluent enough to go for the interview.
A. My English is too fluent to go for the interview.
B. My English is fluent enough to go for the interview.


Mr Nguyen
C. If only my English were fluent enough for me to go for the interview.
D. My English were fluent enough and I could go for the interview.
12. William runs faster than any boys in his class.
A. No one in William's class can run as fast as him. B. William is the quickest boy in his class.
C. William is running faster than anyone else in his class.D. William runs the fastest in his school.
13. I'd prefer to go swimming than go surfing.
A. Swimming is more interesting than go surfing.
B. I like going swimming to going surfing.
C. I would like to go swimming, not go surfing. D. Swimming is better than surfing, in my opinion.
14. In order to settle the matter, I will accept their suggestion.
A. To settle the matter, you should accept their suggestion.
B. Setting the matter, I accept their suggestion.
C. I will accept their suggestion in case the matter is settled.
D. I will accept their suggestion to settle the matter.
15. "I'm sorry I have to leave so early," he said.
A. He apologized for having to leave early.
B. He apologized to have to leave early.
C. He apologized that he has to leave early.
D. He apologized to have left early.
IX. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
A. If Susan ate four cream cakes, she would feel sick. B. Susan eats four cakes so she feels sick.

C. If I listened to him, I would have succeeded.D. If I had listened to him, I would have succeeded.
9. Though he tried hard, he didn't succeed.
A. However hard he tried, he didn't succeed.B. However he tried hard, he didn't succeed.
C. However he didn't succeed, he tried hard.D. However he tried hard, but he didn't succeed.
10. This office is too small for four people.
A. This office is very small for four people.B. This office isn't big enough for four people.
C. This office is so small to have four people.D. This office isn't enough big for four people.


Mr Nguyen
11. You will have to pay at least 100 pounds to get this camera.
A. You will be impossible to get this camera for less than 100 pounds.
B. You'll find it impossible to get this camera for less than 100 pounds.
C. You'll be impossible to get this camera less than 100 pounds.
D. You'll have to be paid at least 100 pounds to get this camera.
12. Paul is employed by Sony, isn't he?
A. Paul works for Sony, didn't he?
B. Paul works for Sony, did he?
C. Paul works for Sony, doesn't he?
D. Paul works for Sony, does he?
13. You should fasten your seat belt before driving away.
A. You should drive away when you fasten your seat belt.
B. You should drive away after you fasten your seat belt.
C. You should drive away before fastening you seat belt.
D. You shouldn't drive away without fastening your seat belt.
14. "Can I borrow your pen please, Sam?" said Gillian.
A. Gillian asked Sam if she can borrow his pen. B. Gillian asked Sam if she could borrow his pen.
C. Gillian asked Sam she can borrow his pen. D. Gillian asked Sam she could borrow his pen.
15. Not taking a difficult exam is worse than failing it.
A. If one is going to fail a difficult exam, it is better not to take it.

B. We found it impossible to get to work because the bus drivers' trike.
C. We couldn't get to work because of the bus drivers' strike.
D. We couldn't get to work because the bus drivers' strike.
7. I like to play tennis in the summer.
A. I am very interested on playing tennis in the summer.
B. I am very keen in playing tennis in the summer.


Mr Nguyen
C. I am very interested to playing tennis in the summer.
D. I am very fond of playing tennis in the summer.
8. They usually have quite a big meal at lunch time.
A. They are used to having a big meal at lunch time.B. They are used to have a big meal at lunch time.
C. They used to have a big meal at lunch time. D. They used to having a big meal at lunch time.
9. Despite feeling cold we kept walking.
A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking. B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking.
C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking. D. However we felt cold, we kept walking.
10. Harriet was upset because she saw Peter with another woman.
A. Harriet was upset because of Peter's girl friend.
B. It was because she saw Peter with another woman that upset Harriet.
C. Peter upset Harriet because he can go well with Peter's woman.
D. Harriet was upset because she can go well with Peter's woman.
11. We must take steps to preserve natural resources otherwise the planet will be in danger.
A. Unless we take steps to preserve natural resources, the planet will be in danger.
B. The natural resources will be in danger.
C. We will destroy our natural resources.
D. The natural resources must be preserved.
12. We had planned to visit our grandmother, so we left early in the morning.
A. We left early to see our grandmother.
B. We left early because we are planning to visit our grandmother.

C. "Why don't you buy a food processor?" said Jane. D. Jane suggested to buy a food processor.
4. No one has been to collect the rubbish this week.
A. The rubbish have not been collected this week.
B. The rubbish has been collected this week.
C. The rubbish has not been collected this week.
D. The rubbish is not collected this
week.
5. My parents wanted me to go the university but I didn't fancy it.
A. My parents wanted to go the university but I didn't fancy it.
B. I didn't fancy going to the university as my parents did.


Mr Nguyen
C. I didn't fancy going to the university although my parents wanted me to go.
D. I hardly fancied going to university but for my parents' wish.
6. I went to school with Madeline when we lived near each other.
A. I used to go to school with Madeline when we lived near each other.
B. Madeline and I lived near the school.
C. I went to school nearby with Madeline.
D. Madeline's school was near mine and we lived with each other.
7. The PC is undeniably the best tool for the job.
A. No one can deny that the PC is the best tool for the job.
B. The PC is not the best tool for the job.
C. They deny that the PC is the best tool for the job.
D. The PC could be the best tool for the job.
8. Sales of snack-sized pizzas have increased this year.
A. They increased the sale of snack-sized pizzas this year.
B. There is an increase in sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.
C. They had increased the sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.
D. There has been an increase in sales of snack-sized pizzas this year.

C. Knowing about the internet, he would have invested in some computer companies.
D. He would have invested in some computer companies without his knowledge of the internet.
XII. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Study all night is good for neither your grades nor your health.
A. Study all night is good for your grades.
B. Study all night does not help at all.
C. Study all night is good for your health.
D. Study all night is helpful to you.
2. My purpose in calling this meeting is to present the latest sales figures.
A. I have called this meeting in order to present the latest sales figures.
B. I aimed to call this meeting because I wanted to know the latest sales figures.
C. I have called this meeting in order that I would present the latest sales figures.


Mr Nguyen
D. Both A and C
3. But for his father's early retirement, Richard would not have taken over the family's business.
A. Richard only took over the family's business because his father decided to retire early.
B. Richard didn't take over the family's business because his father decided to retire.
C. His father retired early, but he ran the family's business.
D. Richard's father didn't want him to take over the family's business despite his retirement.
4. I find myself at a loss to understand Harold's behavior.
A. I lost contact with Harold, so I couldn't understand his behavior.
B. I have to lose a lot to understand Harold's behavior.
C. I understood Harold's behavior completely.
D. I find Harold's behavior quite incomprehensible.
5. With the exception of the music teacher every member of the staff attended the farewell party.
A. The music teacher was very exceptional at the farewell party.
B. All the staff members including the music teacher attended the farewell party.
C. The music teacher was the only member of the staff not to attend the farewell party.

12. If only I had taken that job in the bank.
A. I regret not taking that job in the bank.
B. I regret not to take that job in the bank.
C. I wish I took that job in the bank.
D. I wish I have taken that job in the bank.
13. Success in the academic field depends on your number of qualifications.
A. Your number of qualifications is a result of your success in the academic field.
B. You are successful in the academic field, so you have more qualifications.
C. The more success you are in the academic field, the more qualifications you have.
D. The more qualifications you have, the more successful you are in the academic field.


Mr Nguyen
14. Does parking here cost anything?
A. Is parking here costly?
B. Do I need to pay for parking here?
C. How much do you charge for parking here? D. Do I have to pay for the park here?
15. No one but James knew how to solve the problem.
A. The problem couldn't be solved by anyone. B. Everyone knew how to solve the problem.
C. James was the only one who couldn't solve the problem. D. Only James could solve the problem.
XIII. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the given words.
1. It's a long time since he last called me.
He hasn't _________________
2. When did he get the job?
How long ago _________________
3. I advise you to book a table in advance.
If I _________________
4. I don't want to tell them the secret.
I would rather _________________
5. If I improved my English speaking skill, I would easily get that job.
If I hadn't been so ill, I could have gone.
- Các dạng so sánh
E.g. John is taller than Jane. -> Jane is not as tall as John.
- Câu trực tiếp - câu gián tiếp
E.g. "Go away!" he said. -> He told us to go away.
- Các từ/ cụm từ tương đương
E.g. How much did you pay for it? -> How much did it cost you?
- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương
E.g. It was so hot that...-> It was such a hot day that...
I spent twenty minutes on that puzzle. -> It took me twenty minutes to do that puzzle.
- Các cách diễn đạt tương đương liên quan đến sự thay đổi thì của động từ
E.g. I haven't seen her for a long time. -> It's a long time since I last saw her.
I shouldn't have done it. -> I wish I hadn't done it.
Thường thì mỗi câu hỏi chỉ kiểm tra 1 đơn vị kiến thức.
Cách thức làm dạng bài tập này:
1. Đọc kĩ câu gốc và phải chắc chắn rằng bạn hiểu ý nghĩa của câu gốc.

B. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it less.
C. It rained during the match and we enjoyed it in the same way as others.
D. It rained during the match but we enjoyed it.
Tất cả các câu đều giống nhau ở vế đầu tiên nên ta xét vế sau. Trong câu đề có cụm all the same có
nghĩa là "không có gì khác".
2. Donald could not help weeping when he heard the bad news.
A. Donald could not stop himself from weeping at the bad news.
B. Donald could not allow himself to sweep at the bad news.
C. Donald could not help himself and so he wept.
D. Donald could not help himself because he was weeping.
Could not help là dạng quá khứ của cannot help (không thể ngừng/ thôi làm gì), phía sau là V-ing.
Lưu ý:
- stop somebody from doing something: ngăn không cho ai làm gì
- weep at/over something: khóc vì việc gì đó
3. "When I met my long-lost brother, I was at a loss for words."
A. When the speaker met his brother, he was puzzled about what to say.
B. When the speaker met his brother, he had much to say.
C. When the speaker met his brother, he refused to say anything.
D. When the speaker met his brother, he had nothing pleasant to say.
- long-lost (adj): lâu không gặp hoặc không nhận được tín tức gì
- at a loss: không biết nói gì hoặc
làm gì
- be puzzled about sth: lúng túng, bối rối
- refuse to do sth: từ chối làm việc gì
4. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this.
D. I wish you have told us about this.
Ta nhận thấy mệnh đề that trong câu gốc được chia ở thì quá khứ. Do đó khi chuyển sang câu ước thì

C. It took him three months to get over his illness.
D. It took three months for his illness to get over.
Cấu trúc It "take" somebody + khoảng thời gian + to do st có nghĩa là "Ai đó mất bao lâu để làm gì".
9. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
A. However hard he tried, he didn’t succeed.
B. However he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
C. However he didn’t succeed, he tried hard.
D. However he tried hard but he didn’t succeed.
However + adj + S + V có nghĩa là "dù ai đó có như thế nào/ làm gì".
However hard he tried có nghĩa là "dù anh ấy đã rất nỗ lực".
10. Joe still likes Madonna.
A. Joe was a fan of Madonna's for years. B. Joe has been a fan of Madonna's for years.
C. Joe used to like Madonna years ago. D. Joe is being a fan of Madonna.
Trạng từ still có nghĩa là "vẫn còn". Hơn nữa động từ likes được chia ở hiện tại đơn ám chỉ trạng thái
có tính chất lâu dài. Do đó, có thể dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để biểu thị ý này.
II. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. The room was so full that we couldn't get in.
A. The room was too full for us to get in. B. The room was too full so that we can't get in.
C. The room was too full that we can't get in.D. The room was too full that we couldn't get in.
Cấu trúc too + adj + for sb + to do sth có nghĩa là "quá như thế nào khiến ai đó không thể làm gì". Cấu
trúc này tương đương với cấu trúc so + adj + that + S + can/could + not + V.
2. I wish I had chosen English to study at school.
A. The speaker studied English and now regrets doing so.
B. The speaker is not studying English.
C. The speaker regrets not choosing English at school.
D. The speaker regrets having chosen English to study.
Câu gốc là câu điều ước về quá khứ, ước về những điều không xảy ra ở quá khứ "Tôi ước là tôi đã
chọn học Tiếng Anh khi còn ở trường". Điều đó có nghĩa là trong quá khứ người nói đã không chọn
học Tiếng Anh.
"Người nói hối hận vì đã không chọc học Tiếng Anh khi còn ở trường."

1. suggest + V-ing: gợi ý làm gì đó (người nói cùng thực hiện hành động) 2. suggest that somebody do
something: gợi ý ai làm gì đó.
7. I only remembered the appointment when it was too late.
A. It was only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
B. Not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
C. Only when it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
D. It was not until it was too late that I remembered the appointment.
Cấu trúc câu tách It + (be) + ... + that ... có tác dụng nhấn mạnh, thành phần được nhấn mạnh nằm
sau be.
- Câu B sai vì có "not until" đứng đầu câu ta phải đảo "was" lên trước chủ ngữ. - Câu C có cụm "only
when..." đứng đầu câu, ta cũng phải áp dụng đảo ngữ. - Câu D sai vì câu này không cần đảo ngữ nhưng
lại đảo ngữ.
8. She finds it difficult to get up early.
A. She used to get up early.
B. She didn't use to get up early.
C. She isn't used to getting up early.
D. She is used to getting up early.
Cần phân biệt 2 cấu trúc với used to:
1. used to V: nói về thói quen trong quá khứ. 2. be/get used to Ving: quen/trở nên quen thuộc với
việc gì đó. "Cô ấy thấy việc dậy sớm thật khó" tương đương với "Cô ấy không quen với việc dậy sớm"
9. I met her when I was staying in Paris last summer.
A. I had met her before I went to Paris last summer.
B. I met her during my stay in Paris last summer.
C. I met her after I went to Paris last summer.
D. I met her during I was staying in Paris last summer.
during + N/V-ing = when + clause
10. Do shops usually stay open so late in this country?
A. Are shops usually opened so late in this country?
B. Do you usually open shops so late in this country?
C. Is it usual for shops to be opened so late in this country?

em trai tôi.
B. Tôi không gặp em trai mình đã được 14 năm rồi. C. Tôi gặp em trai tôi 14 năm một lần. D. Em trai
tôi 14 tuổi.
4. Jack is afraid he'll gain weight if he stops smoking.
A. Jack is afraid of smoking.
B. Jack doesn't realize the dangers of smoking.
C. Jack is afraid he'll become fat if he gives up smoking.
D. Jack is afraid he'll lose weight if he doesn't smoke.
Câu gốc: Jack sợ rằng anh ấy sẽ tăng cân nếu anh ấy không hút thuốc nữa. A. Jack sợ hút thuốc.
B. Jack không nhận ra được những nguy cơ mà thuốc là mang lại. C. Jack sợ rằng anh ấy sẽ
béo hơn nếu anh ấy từ bỏ thuốc lá (câu này sử dụng những cụm từ có ý nghĩa tương tự như trong câu
gốc: become fat = gain weight, give up = stop). D. Jack lo sợ anh ấy sẽ giảm cân nếu như anh ấy
không hút thuốc.
5. Fewer people came to the meeting than we had expected.
A. Too many people came to the meeting.
B. There were more people at the meeting than we had expected.
C. We had expected more people to come to the meeting.
D. There were not enough seats for all people as we had expected.
Câu gốc: Số người đến tham dự cuộc họp mặt ít hơn chúng tôi tưởng.
A. Quá nhiều người đến
tham dự cuộc họp. B. Số người đến tham dự cuộc họp nhiều hơn chúng tôi tưởng. C. Chúng tôi đã
mong đợi có nhiều người đến tham dự cuộc họp hơn. D. Không có đủ ghế cho tất cả mọi người như
chúng tôi mong đợi.
6. I should have studied last night but I was too tired.
A. I studied last night because I was bored.
B. I studied last night because I had to.
C. I tried to study last night, but material was too hard.
D. I couldn't study last night because I was very tired.
Câu gốc: Đáng lẽ tối qua tôi nên học nhưng tôi đã quá mệt. A. Tối qua tôi đã học vì tôi cảm thấy chán.
B. Tối qua tôi đã học vì tôi phải làm thế. C. Tối qua tôi đã cố gắng học nhưng tài liệu khó

Câu gốc: Cậu ấy gần như không thể hiểu được chuyện này vì
cậu ấy quá trẻ. A. Chuyện này quá khó với cậu ấy để có thể hiểu được. B. Cậu ấy trẻ nhưng cậu ấy có
thể hiểu được chuyện này. C. Chuyện này rất khó nhưng cậu ấy có thể hiểu được. D. Cậu ấy gần như
không hiểu được chuyện này vì cậu ấy quá trẻ. Trạng từ phủ định "hardly" được đảo lên đầu câu và trợ
động từ được đảo lên trước chủ ngữ trong cấu trúc đảo ngữ.
10. My mother had the house decorated.
A. My mother had someone decorate the house. B. My mother had to decorate the house.
C. The house is going to be decorated by my mother.
D. My mother had just decorated the house.
have sth done = have sb do sth: nhờ ai làm gì đó
11. "Could you hold the line, please?" said the operator.
A. The operator told me to stop my call. B. The operator told me to speak.
C. The operator told me to wait.
D. The operator told me to call back later.
hold the line = wait (giữ máy)
12. If you don't understand this word, look it up in the dictionary.
A. If you know this word, tell me. B. If you don't know this word, I'll tell you.
C. If my dictionary hasn't got the word, I'll find another one.
D. If you don't know this word, find it in the dictionary.
Câu gốc: Nếu bạn không hiểu nghĩa từ này, hãy tra từ điển. A. Nếu bạn biết từ này, hãy nói cho tớ
biết. B. Nếu bạn không biết từ này, tớ sẽ nói cho cậu. C. Nếu từ điển của tớ không có từ đó, tớ sẽ tìm
quyển từ điển khác.
D. Nếu bạn không biết từ này, hãy tìm nó trong từ điển. Ta thấy câu D và câu gốc khác nhau duy nhất
ở 2 cụm từ mà 2 cụm đó lại có ý nghĩa giống nhau:understand = know, look it up = find it.
13. She hates shopping in large supermarkets and prefers buying food in small shops or street markets.
A. She never goes shopping.
B. She often buys food in the supermarket.
C. She often buys food in small shops and street markets.
D. She goes shopping every day.
Câu gốc có chi tiết "cô ấy thích mua đồ ăn trong những quán nhỏ hoặc ở chợ cóc" có nghĩa cô ấy hay

2. The weather is very cold, so they can't go swimming.
A. The weather is so cold that they can't go swimming.
B. The weather isn't cold enough for them to go swimming.
C. The weather is too cold for them going swimming.
D. It is so a cold weather that they can't go swimming.
Dịch câu gốc: Thời tiết rất lạnh, vì vậy họ không thể đi bơi.
Loại C và D vì không đúng cấu trúc ngữ pháp. Trong cấu trúc với too + adj ta dùng động từ ở dạng
nguyên thể có to, không dùng V-ing. So đi với tính từ, such mới đi với danh từ. Câu D dùng so là sai.
Câu B mang ý nghĩa trái ngược hẳn với câu gốc: Thời tiết không đủ lạnh để họ có thể đi bơi.
- Câu A sử dụng cấu trúc so + adj + that clause có nghĩa là "như thế nào đến mức như thế nào".
3. My friend is living in Moscow. I received this letter from him.
A. My friend, whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
B. My friend, from whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
C. My friend whom I received this letter from is living in Moscow.
D. My friend, that I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
Danh từ my friend là chưa xác định, do đó chúng ta không thể dùng mệnh đề không hạn định (có dấu
phẩy ngăn cách giữa 2 mệnh đề).
4. They saw the children play football in the street.
A. The children were being seen to play football in the street.
B. The children were seen to playing football in the street.
C. The children were seen play football in the street.
D. The children were seen to play football in the street.
Câu chủ động có dạng see + O + V (chủ thể chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động).
Câu bị động của cấu
trúc này có dạng be seen + to V.
5. I have never been to France before.
A. It's the first time that I've gone to France.
B. It's the first time that I went to France.
C. It's the first time that I've been to France.
D. It's the first time that I was to France.

Câu bị động với "make": be made + to V
10. I tried to eat the cake, but it was too sweet.
A. It was such a sweet cake that I couldn't eat it. B. It was so sweet cake that I couldn't eat it.
C. The cake was too sweet that I couldn't eat it. D. The cake was very sweet that I couldn't eat it.
- B sai vì sau so là tính từ chứ không phải danh từ sweet cake là cụm danh từ.
- C sai vì theo sau too + adj là to V chứ không phải mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng that.
- D sai vì nó không đúng với cấu trúc "so + adj + that clause".
11. My brother and I went to that school.
A. I went to that school and my brother, too.
B. I went to that school and so my brother did.
C. I went to that school and so did my brother. D. I went to that school and so my brother did, too.
A sai vì thiếu trợ động từ theo sau my brother. B sai vì khi dùng so phải đảo trợ động từ lên trước chủ
ngữ.
D sai vì câu dùng cả so và too.
12. She said to us: "Don't be late again."
A. She said to us not to be late again.
B. She told us to be not late again.
C. She told to us not to be late again.
D. She told us not to be late again.
Loại A vì ta chỉ nói say sth hoặc say + mệnh đề, không dùng to V sau say. Sau tell bắt buộc phải có tân
ngữ đi ngay sau nó nên loại C.
Khi muốn diễn đạt ý phủ định, đặt not trước to V.
Ghi nhớ cấu trúc: tell sb not to do sth (bảo ai không được làm gì)
13. I often get up early in the morning.
A. I am used to getting up early in the morning. B. I am used to get up early in the morning.
C. I used to get up early in the morning.
D. I used to getting up early in the morning.
Có 2 cấu trúc với "used to":
1. used to + V (nguyên thể): dùng để nói về thói quen trong quá khứ và không còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại.
2. be/get + used to + Ving: nghĩa là quen với việc gì nên loại ngay B và D vì sai cấu trúc.

C. I am used to living alone.
D. I was used to living by myself.
Ghi nhớ cấu trúc với used to: - used to V: thói quen ở quá khứ - be/get used to N/Ving: quen với việc
gì đó
3. I was late for work because the bus broke down.
A. As the bus was broken, I was late for work. B. Due to a bus break-down, I was late for work.
C. Since the bus broke into pieces, I was late for work.
D. Due to the fact that the bus was broken, I was late for work.
break down (v): hỏng do lỗi kĩ thuật ≠ break (v): hỏng do bị phá hoại, do các tác nhân từ bên ngoài
4. "If I were you, I would get in touch with the boss."
A. He suggested that I would get in touch with the boss.
B. He suggested keeping in touch with the boss.
C. He recommended that I should get in touch with the boss.
D. He wished he were me so that he could get in touch with the boss.
Câu A sử dụng sai cấu trúc với suggest: suggest that sb (should) do sth (không dùng would).
Câu B khác hẳn nghĩa với câu gốc vì cấu trúc suggest + V-ing dùng khi gợi ý rủ ai cùng làm gì. Hơn
nữa cụm từ keep in touch (giữ liên lạc) cũng mang ý nghĩa khác với get in touch (liên lạc)
Câu D cũng khác hẳn về nghĩa (Anh ấy ước anh ấy là tôi để anh ấy có thể liên lạc với ông chủ).
5. I'm not very good at gardening, I'm afraid.
A. I'm not much of a gardener, I'm afraid.
B. I regret that I bad at gardening.
C. I'm scared to work in the garden.
D. I am afraid of working in the garden.
Câu gốc: Tôi e là tôi không giỏi việc làm vườn. Câu A sử dụng cụm từ not much of a... = not a
good... -> giống nghĩa với câu gốc. Câu B: Tôi hối hận rằng tôi không giỏi làm vườn. => khác
nghĩa Câu C và D đều có nghĩa: Tôi sợ làm việc trong vườn => loại
6. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
A. We began to cook for the party for four hours.
B. We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
C. We cooked for the party for four hours.

lời đề nghị.
Nhận thấy A và D đều bắt đầu bằng cụm từ dùng trong câu đề nghị Would you mind, tuy nhiên câu A
dùng sai cấu trúc vì sau cụm từ trên là động từ dạng V-ing.
Đáp án là D.
10. It would be better if you did not bring your dog in here.
A. I'd rather you hadn't brought you dog in here.
B. I wish you hadn't brought your dog in here.
C. I'd rather you didn't bring your dog in here.
D. You have brought your dog in here, which is against the rules.
Cấu trúc would rather sb did sth mang ý nghĩa như một lời yêu cầu trang trọng.
11. The car is more expensive than it ought to be.
A. The car ought to be expensive.
B. The car shouldn't be so cheap.
C. The car looks like an inexpensive automobile.
D. The car costs more than it should.
Câu gốc: Chiếc xe ô tô đắt hơn giá trị thực của nó.
Đáp án là D: Chiếc xe ô tô có giá cao hơn giá mà nó đáng.
12. Jane hardly ever enjoys eating vegetables.
A. She enjoys eating vegetables.
B. She has fun growing vegetables.
C. She almost never eats vegetables.
D. She sells vegetables for living.
hardly ever = almost never (gần như không)
13.We had several guests at our house over the holidays.
A. We were guests at our friend's house.
B. Several people visited us during the holidays.
C. The holidays were over by the time our guests arrived.
D. We guessed that several people would come.
Câu gốc: Chúng tôi có một vài vị khách đến thăm nhà vào kì nghỉ.
- Câu A: Chúng tôi là khách ở nhà bạn chúng tôi. => loại