TINH HINH DAY VA HOC NGQ AM TIENG PHAP
6 PHO THONG, 6 KHOA NGON NGQ
vA VAN HoA PHAP - MOT SO DE NGH!
THS. GVC. NGUYEN THI ON

Khoa Ngdn ngil vd Van hod Phdp
Dgi hoe Ngogi ngu

1. Dat van de

O nude ta, ciing vdi chinh sach md cira va su phat trien eiia nen kinb
te tbi trudng, ngoai ngu ngay cang ddng mot vai trd quan trgng. Cac em
bgc sinb eiia ta't ea cac trudng THPT, ciia nbieu trudng THCS deu dugc
bgc it nhat mot ngoai ngu. O mot so thanh pbd Idn, cac em bgc sinb con
dugc bgc ngoai ngu tu tieu hoc theo chuong trinb song ngu.
Tfl nbieu nam nay, chung tdi day tieng Pbap ebo sinb vien nam
thu 3 va nam tbfl 4 ciia Khoa Ngdn ngu va Van boa Pbap, Trudng
DHNN - DHQG Ha Ngi. Trong nbung gid len Idp boae d nhflng ky tbi
ndi, cbiing tdi thay nbieu sinb vien con phat am sai tieng Pbap, noi
kbdng diing ngfl dieu, v.v...
Nhflng Idi ngfl am nay cd the lam cho ngudi nghe kbdng hieu
boac hieu sai thong bao. Vay ma chi con gan mot nam boae bon mot
nam nfla, cac em se tot ngbiep Dai bgc, se trd thanh nhflng giao vien
boac nhflng phien dich vien tieng Pbap. Lam sao cac em cd the boan
thanh tot nbiem vu dao tao boac phien dich ciia minh vdi nhflng kho
khan ve ngfl am nbu vay? Sao lai cd nhflng kbd khan do? C) pbd thong
va d dai bgc, cac em da dugc day va bgc ngu am nbu the nao? Dd la ly
do vi sao cbiing tdi lai cbgn vie't ve va'n de nay.
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phat am sai tie'ng Phap va khdng ndi dugc nhflng eau don gian.
- Chung tdi de nghi nen dua vao day trong 2 tuan dau d nam tbfl
nha't ta't ea cac am tieng Phap, phien am qude te', trgng am, nhip dieu,
am tie't, ngfl dieu, ndi van, luye'n am va trudng hgp "e" cam. Cac em d
nam nay da cd du trinh do de tie'p thu nhflng kie'n tbfle co ban nay.
Nen cho bai tap luyen nbieu ban nfla. Cd nbu vay, cac em mdi kip thdi
tu sua dugc nhflng Idi ngfl am eua minh boac vdi su giup dd eua giao
vien. Trong sudt nam hge, giao vien nen danh thdi gian de day phan
"phat am" trong sach giao khoa quy dinh {Panorama 1 vd 2) va
thudng xuyen chfla Idi ngfl am cho sinh vien.
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- i^guai miuiig vail uc agu am ma chung tdi vfla de nghi dua vao
day d nam tbfl nhat, nhflng van de edn lai trong cud'n giao trinh "Ngfl
am tie'ng Phap" ciia cac tac gia Trinh Cat va Nguyen Van Bich se day
d hge ky 1 nam tbfl III nhu bien nay. Giao vien nen cho sinh vien lam
them nbieu bai tap.
Chung tdi cung de nghi ta't ea cac giao vien day d 4 khdi deu cd
gang chfla Idi cho sinh vien vi cac em se la nhflng phien dich vien,
nhflng giao vien tieng Phap - nhflng ngudi dao tao nhflng ngudi khae.
4.2. Ve cong tac bdi dwdng giao vien
Mudn bgc sinh phat am dung boac mudn chfla dugc nhflng Idi ngfl
am eua cac em, giao vien chung ta phai nam vflng nhflng kien tbfle
ngfl am eo ban, phai phat am ehuan, ndi dung trgng am, ngfl dieu,...
Thue te' cho thay, khdng phai tat ea cac giao vidn ddu lam dugc
nhu vay, nhat la giao vien day d pbd thdng. Dieu nay cung de hieu.
Sau khi tdt ngbiep dai hge, nbieu sinh vien ve cac trudng pbd thdng
day. Mot phan do chuong trinh, giao trinh cho ca'p pbd thdng thien ve
cac bai dge hieu, cac kien tbfle ngfl phap nen kha nang nghe, ndi,

tbfl nha't dai bgc, da sd sinh vien la bgc sinh da theo he tieng Phap
thudng. Cac em can dugc bgc tieng Pbap vdi cac thay cd phat am
dung, bie't each va thudng xuyen chfla Idi ngfl am.
5. Ke't iuan
Nhu chung ta da biet, tieng Viet la mdt ngdn ngfl don lap
(isolante), don am tiet edn tieng Pbap tbi uyen chuyen (flexible), da
am tie't. Nhflng su khae nhau ve ngu am da gay nbieu kbd khan cho
ngudi Viet bgc tie'ng Phap. Cac Idi ngfl am la tat nbien, kbdng the
tranh dugc nha't la khi mdi bgc tie'ng Pbap. Qua dieu tra, chung toi
thay ngay ea d cac em sinb vien da hge gan 10 nam tie'ng Pbap vSn
edn bi mdc Idi. Vay tbi, cd phai cac Idi ngfl am la kbdng the sua dugc
khdng? Theo chung tdi tbi cd the sfla dugc. Cac em ehua phat am
dung dugc, nbu chung tdi da dieu tra, vi nbieu ly do khae nhau. Nbung
mdt dieu rd rang la khi mdi bgc, nbieu em ehua dugc day phat am mdt
each nghiem chinh. Phan ngfl am trong sach giao khoa qua it, qua so
sai. Thdi gian danh cho giao vien day phat am cho cac em hau nhu
kbdng cd. Khi cac em phat am sai, cac thay cd lai khdng cd nbieu thdi
gian de sfla cho cac em. Ngay ea khi cac em da vao dai bgc, khdng
phai luc nao, thay cd nao cung sfla am cho cac em. Hon nfla, chinh cac
em lai khdng cd gang tu sfla cho minh. Tat ea nhflng dieu ehua lam
dugc ay, theo chung tdi, can dugc xem xet ngbidm tuc va khae phue
kip thdi. Nhiem vu eua chung ta la dao tao ra nhflng giao vien, phien
dich vien cd du kha nang, nhat la ve chuyen mdn, de boan thanh
nhiem vu eua hg sau nay.

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Tai lieu tham khao
1. BLANCHET Alain et alii, 1987, Les techniques d'enquete en