CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
( Cõu iu kin)
-Cỏc tr ng t hỡnh thỏi nh
will, would, can, could
thng xut hin trong cỏc cõu iu kin. Cỏc
cõu iu kin thng cha t
if
(nu)
- Có 2 mệnh đề trong câu điều kiện: Mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề điều kiên( mệnh đề if)
- Mệnh đề điều kiện (mệnh đề if) có thể đặt trớc hoặc sau mệnh đề chính. Khi nó đứng trớc mệnh
đề chính, dùng dấu phẩy để tách 2 mệnh đề. Khi nó theo sau mệnh đề chính không dùng dấu phẩy.
Ex: If I have money, I will buy a new car.
I will buy a new car if I have money.
*Conditional types: ( Các loại hinh câu điêu kiện)
- Có 3 loại câu điều kiện: Loại 1, loại 2 và loại 3
1. Type 1 (i u ki n lo i 1): Present Real Conditional (Điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại)
- Cõu iu kin cú thc l cõu m ngi núi dựng din t mt hnh ng hoc mt tỡnh hung thng
xy ra (thúi quen) hoc s xy ra (trong tng lai) nu iu kin mnh chớnh c tho món. Nu núi v
tng lai, dng cõu ny c s dng khi núi n mt iu kin cú th thc hin c hoc cú th xy ra.
Ex: - If he t r i e s much more, he w ill im pr o v e his English.
- If I h a v e money, I w ill b u y a new motorbike.
IF CLAUSE (Mnh If) MAIN CLAUSE (Mnh chớnh)
Simple Present
S + V[-e/es]
S + dont / doesnt + V(inf)
Simple Future
S + will + V(inf)
S + will not + V(inf)
Will + S + V(inf)?
Dng bi tp : V(inf) + OR + Clause (Simple Future)
= Unless you + V(inf) , Clause (Simple Future)

c a lờn u cõu, ng trc ch ng. Mnh iu kin s ng trc mnh chớnh.
Ex: - Had we k n o w n that you were there, we w o u l d h a v e wr i tt e n you a letter.
- Had h e s t ud i e d harder for the test, he w o u l d h a v e passe d it.
Lu ý: Cõu iu kin khụng phi lỳc no cng tuõn theo qui lut trờn. Trong mt s trng hp c bit, mt
v ca iu kin l quỏ kh nhng v cũn li cú th hin ti (do thi gian qui nh).
Ex: - If she h ad caug h t the train, she w o u l d b e here by n o w .
TYPE
2,
3
(Loại
2,3)
IF CLAUSE (Mnh If) MAIN CLAUSE (Mnh chớnh)
II
Simple Past (Be were)
S + V-ed/2
S + didnt + V(inf)
S + would / could + V(inf)
S + wouldnt / couldnt +V(inf)
Would / Could + S + V(inf) ?
III
Past Perfect
S + had + V-ed/3
S + hadnt + V-ed/3
S + would / could have + V-ed/3
S + wouldnt / couldnt have + V-ed/3
Would / Could + S + have + V-ed/3?
EXERCISE s
Conditional Sentence Type I :
1/ If he (study) ________ harder, he can pass an exam.
2/ She may be late if she (not hurry) ________.

Conditional Sentence Type II :
1/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year.
If ___________________________________________________________
2/ I don’t have a typewriter. I can’t type it myself.→
______________________________________________
3. I don't live in a big city, so I can't go to the cinema very often. If …………………………………………………………
4. Lan doesn’t have a bike, she walk to school. If
………………………………………………………………………………….,.
Conditional Sentence Type III:
1. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train.
I. Conditional sentences: type I: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. If I see him I (give)…………….. him a lift.
2 If he (eat)…………………… all that he will be ill.
3. If I find your passport I (telephone)…………………. you at once.
4. If he (read)………………….. in bad light he will ruin his eyes.
5. Someone (steal)…………………… your car if you leave it unlocked.
6. What will happen if my parachute (not
open)?.............................................................................................
7. If he (wash)…………………….. my car I'll give him Ј10.
8. If she (need)…………………………….. a radio she can borrow mine
9. If you (not go) ……………………….away I'll send for the police.
10. I'll be very angry if he (make)……………………….. any more mistakes.
11. If he (be) ……………….late we'll go without him.
12. If you give my dog a bone he (bury)…………………… it at once.
13. If you come late they (not let) you in.
14. We'll have to move upstairs if the river (rise) any higher.
15. If he (work)……………………….. hard today can he have a holiday tomorrow?
16. If you (not like)……………………. this one I'll bring you another.
17. She won't open the door unless she (know) ……………………….who it is.
II. Conditional sentences: type 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.

street.
VI. Put “if” or “unless” into these spaces.
1/ ________ we hurry, we’ll miss the bus.
2/ Will you phone me ________ you come to England ?
3/ ________ you see Jane, ask her to contact me.
4/ You’ll never pass your exam ________ you don’t work harder.
5/ Liverpool won’t win ________ they begin playing better.
V. Use “if” in place of “unless”
1/ We won’t go out unless it stops raining.
-________________________________________________
2/ I will call the police unless you give back my bicycle.
-____________________________________________________________
3/ You wouldn’t be able to do this exercise unless your English were good.
-____________________________________________________________
4/ Unless we had enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.
-____________________________________________________________
5/ The fishermen couldn’t have caught a lot of fish unless they had had good nets.
-____________________________________________________________
VI. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.
1. If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.
a. have /will buy b. have / would buy
c. had/ will buy d. had/ would buy.
2. If I ……………you, I …………….do that.
a. am/ will b. were /would c. were/ will d. had been/ would.
3. if I were offered the job, I think I ………. it.
a. take b. will take c. would take d. would have taken.
4. I would be very surprised if he……………..
a. refuses b. refused c. had refused d. would refuse.
5. Many people would be out of work if that factory………..down.
a. closes b. had closed c. closed d. would close.

21. If I ………..a camera, I would have taken some pictures.
a. have b. had c. would have d. had had.
22. You won’t pass the examination……………you study more.
a. as long as b. unless c. if d. whether.
23. If only I …………you wanted to invest money in business.
a. had known b. knew c. have known d. know.
24. If I were to leave my country , I ……………disappointed.
a. probably be b. would have been c. will be d. would be.
25. If he hadn’t wasted too much time, he…………….in his examination.
a. would fail b. wouldn’t fail c. wouldn’t have failed. d. won’t fail.
26. If I had taken that English course, I ………..much progress.
a. had made b. would have made c. made d. would make.
27. If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England.
a. will make b. had made c. made. d. would make.
28. If I ………….. you , I’d save some of your lottery winning.