BÀI MỞ ĐẦU ĐỘNG TỪ
VERB
Động từ được dùng để làm hành động cho chủ từ. Để phân biệt các loại động từ (kinds of
verbs), chúng ta hãy quan sát sơ đồ dưới đây:
Auxiliary verb : (do, have, be)
Special verb :
Modal verb : (must, can, may, might, could, should …)
Verb :
Regular verb : (open, close, clean, remember…)
Ordinary verb :
Irregular verb : (run, write, speak, drive…)
Động từ tiếng Anh có hai loại: động từ đặc biệt (special verb) và động từ thường (ordinary
verb).
(1) Động từ đặc biệt gồm có:
* Động từ trợ (auxiliary verb) : be (dùng để chia các thì tiếp diễn, thể thụ động), have (dùng để
chia các thì hoàn thành), do (dùng để chia các thể phủ đònh và nghi vấn).
- He is working hard this month. (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
- The house was built five years ago. (thể thụ động)
- He has learned English for two years. (thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
- Do you like tea ? (thể nghi vấn)
- She does not like coffee. (thể phủ đònh)
* Động từ khiếm khuyết (modal verb) : cần phải có động theo sau.
- We must study hard.
- He can play the piano.
Đặc điểm chung của các động từ đặc biệt là khi đổi sang thể phủ đònh ta chỉ cần thêm NOT vào
sau các động từ đó và khi đổi sang thể nghi vấn ta đưa các động từ đó ra đầu câu.
- He is not working hard this month.
- Is he working hard this month ?
- He has not found his book.
- Have you seen her yet ?
- She cannot swim.
Thì biểu thò thời gian và trạng thái của hành động được diễn đạt bằng động từ. Có 12 thì ở dạng
chủ động của động từ tiếng Anh. Để hiểu được hình thái của các thì, ta có thể nghiên cứu cách chia
động từ TO WORK trong bảng dưới đây :
Tenses
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect
continuous
Present
- I (You / We /
They) work
He (She/It)
works
- I am working
- He (She / It) is
working
- You (We / They)
are working
- I (You / We / They)
have worked
- He (She / It) has
worked
- I (You / We /
They) have been
working
- He ( She / It) has
been working
Past - I (You / He / She
/ It / We / They)
worked
- I (He / She / It) was
working
Huynh mis thus na
2
* Thì Simple Present được dùng để chỉ một hành động diễn ra trong thời gian nói chung, không
nhất thiết phải là thời gian ở hiện tại. Thời gian nói chung là thời gian mà sự việc diễn ra mỗi ngày
(every day), mỗi tuần (every week), mỗi tháng (every month), mỗi năm (every year), mỗi mùa (every
spring / summer / autumn / winter)…
- He goes to school every day.
- Mrs Brown travels every summer.
* Thì Present Continuous được dùng để chỉ một hành động đang xảy ra (a current activity) hay
một sự việc chúng ta đang làm bây giờ (now/ at present/ at this moment), hôm nay (today), tuần này
(this week), năm nay (this year)…
- We are learning English now.
- Mary is playing the piano at the moment.
Hãy so sánh : - I work in a bakery every day.
- I’m working in a bakery this week.
* CHÚ Ý :
(1) + Thì Simple Present thường được dùng với các động từ chỉ tri giác (verbs of perception) như :
feel, see, hear… và các động từ chỉ trạng thái như : know, understand, mean, like, prefer, love,
hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…
+ Ngoài ra chúng ta còn dùng thì Simple Present với động từ : be, appear, belong, have to…
+ Thì Simple Present còn được dùng với các trạng từ chỉ tần suất lập đi lập lại (adverbs of
frequency) như : always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, generally, rarely, never…
- That child needs care.
- This book belongs to me.
- He never comes late.
+ Chúng ta cũng dùng thì Simple Present để chỉ một chân lý hay một sự thật hiển nhiên (a
general truth).
- The sun rises in the east.
- Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.
(2) Thì Present Continuous còn được dùng để chỉ hành động ở một tương lai gần (a near future
25/ My friend (study) __________ English for an hour every night.
26/ Listen. I (hear)___________ someone knocking at the front door.
27/ I (do) __________ an exercise on the present tense at the moment and I (think) __________
that I (know) __________ how to use it now.
28/ Honesty (be) __________ the best policy.
29/ The earth (goes) __________ round the sun.
30/ Two and two (make) __________ four.
* 2 SO SÁNH THÌ PRESENT PERFECT
VÀ THÌ SIMPLE PAST
* Thì Present perfect (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ một quá khứ không rõ thời điểm
còn liên lạc với hiện tại.
* Thì Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) được dùng để chỉ một quá khứ có thời điểm rõ rệt cắt đứt với
hiện tại.
+ CHÚ Ý :
(1) Thì Present Perfect thường đi với những từ như : up to now, up to the present, so far (cho
tới nay), not … yet (vẫn chưa), for, since, ever (đã từng), never, several times (nhiều lần), just (vừa),
recently (vừa mới), lately (mới đây) ...
- Have you ever seen a tiger ?
- The train has not arrived yet.
- We have lived here for 6 years.
- The bell has just rung.
Huynh mis thus na
4
(2) * Thì Simple Past thường đi với những tiếng chỉ thời gian quá khứ xác đònh như : yesterday,
the day before yesterday, last week, last month, last year, last summer, ago.
- We came here a month ago.
- He went to the cinema yesterday.
* Thì Simple Past còn được dùng để chỉ một chuỗi các hành động kế tiếp xảy ra trong quá
khứ.
- He closed all the windows, locked the doors and then went out.
- We have been working in the garden all morning.
Huynh mis thus na
5
+ Thì Present Perfect Continuous còn được dùng với các động từ như : lie, wait, sit, stand, study,
learn, live, rest, stay…
- They have been learning English since 1995.
- The chair has been lying in the store window for ages.
Exercise III : Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.
1/ I (try) __________ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) __________ yet.
2/ She (read) _________ all the works of Dickens.How many (you read) _________ ?
3/ I (wait) __________ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget)
_______ to come ?
4/ Mary (rest) __________ in the garden all day because she (be) __________ ill.
5/ Although John (study) _______ at the University for 5 years, he (not get) ________ his degree
yet.
6/ Jack (go) __________ to Switzerland for a holiday. He (never, be) __________ there.
7/ We (live) __________ here for the last six months, and (just, decide) __________ to move.
8/ That book ( lie) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) _________ it yet ?
9/ He (not be) ___________ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) __________ since
then.
10/ He (lose) ___________ his books. He (look) ____________ for them all afternoon, but they
(not turn up) ___________ yet.
11/ She (work) ___________ so hard this week that she (not have) ___________ time to go to
the cinema.
12/ Your hair is wet. (You swim) __________ for a long time ?
13/ Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive)__________ cars for six years.
14/ You look very tired. (You work) __________very hard ?
15/ The phone (ring) __________ for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) __________ it yet.
Exercise IV : Put the verbs in brackets in the present tenses.
1/ I (be) __________ sorry. I (forget) __________ that fellow’s name already.
- I met him in the street yesterday.
+ Thì Past Continuous (Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động kéo dài trong quá
khứ tương ứng với một hành động khác cũng trong quá khứ.
- I met him while he was crossing the street.
- She was going home when she saw an accident.
+ Thì Past Continuous còn diễn tả một hành động kéo dài tại điểm thời gian xác đònh ở quá khứ
hoặc hai hành động liên tiếp song song với nhau.
- My father was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night.
- I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.
Exercise V : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.
1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him.
2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________.
3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea.
4/ When it (rain) __________ , she(carry) __________ an umbrella.
5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain.
6/ He (teach) __________ English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and (work) ______
as a journalist.
7/ The house (burn) __________ fast, so we (break) __________ the window to get out.
8/ He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him.
9/ The servant (drop) __________ two cups while she (wash up) __________ last night; neither
of them (break) __________.
Huynh mis thus na
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10/ While I (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) ________; as he (go) ________ to
answer it, he (hear) __________ a knock on the door; the telephone (still, ring) __________ while he
(walk) __________ to the door, but just as he (open) __________ it, it (stop) __________.
* 5. SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PAST
VÀ THÌ PAST PERFECT
+ Thì Past Perfect (Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành) dùng để chỉ một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động
khác cũng trong quá khứ (past action).
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Và hãy so sánh :
- It had been raining when I got up this morning. (Mưa đã dứt khi tôi thức dậy.)
- It was raining when I got up this morning. (Mưa vẫn còn khi tôi thức dậy.)
Exercise VII : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect continuous tense.
1/ I (ask) _________ him what he (do) __________.
2/ Tom (be) _________ tired. He (run) __________ for an hour.
3/ Although he (go) ________ to the doctor for 6 months, he (not, feel) ________ any better.
4/ The telephone (ring) __________ for 5 minutes before it (be) __________ answered.
5/ They (tell) __________ me you (live) __________ in London before the war.
6/ The poor man (wait) ________ for 6 hours before he (be) _______ brought into the room.
7/ By noon that day, we (drive) __________ for 5 hours.
8/ The robber who (watch) __________ him running to the tree (sit) __________ down under its
branches and (begin) __________ to attack him.
9/ I (ask) _________ her what she (do) _______ since she (arrive) ________ in England.
10/ She (tell) __________ me that she (study) __________ English literature.
* 7. SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE FUTURE
VÀ THÌ FUTURE CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Future (Tương Lai Đơn) diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra (có hoặc không có thời gian
xác đònh ở tương lai); còn thì Future Continuous (Tương Lai Tiếp Diễn) diễn tả một hành động liên
tiến tại điểm thời gian xác đònh ở tương lai.
- He will go to the stadium next Sunday.
- We will / shall have the final test.
Hãy so sánh :
- I will eat breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vào lúc 6 giờ sáng mai, tôi sẽ bắt đầu dùng
bữa điểm tâm.)
- I will be eating breakfast at 6 o’clock tomorrow. (Vào lúc 6 giờ sáng mai, tôi sẽ đang
dùng bữa điểm tâm.)
+ Trong các mệnh đề trạng từ chỉ thời gian (adverb clause of time) hay mệnh đề điều kiện (adverb
clause of condition), thì Simple Present được dùng để thay thế cho thì Simple Future.
3/ Don’t come until I (finish) _________ lunch.
4/ I (hope) _________ it (stop) __________ raining by 5 o’clock this afternoon.
5/ The river (not begin)_________ to rise until some rain (fall)__________.
6/ I (stay) __________ here until you (finish) _________ your work.
7/ By next month, I (leave) _________ for India.
8/ He (finish) _________ his work before you (leave) __________.
9/ Before you (go) __________, they (leave) __________ the country.
10/ The meeting (finish) _________ by the time we (get) _________ there.
Exercise X : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future continuous or future
perfect tense.
1/ We (send) __________ you a telegram as soon as we (arrive) _________ in London.
2/ When George (come) __________ this afternoon, he (bring) __________ his friends.
3/ I (speak) _________ to you about that matter after the meeting tonight.
4/ By the time you (receive) ________ this letter, we (cross) ________ the Atlantic Ocean.
5/ By this time next week, you (meet) __________ my boyfriend, Ali.
6/ I (wait) _________ for you right here when you (come) _________ out of the building.
7/ She (wait) __________ for you at 5 o’clock this afternoon.
8/ I (give) __________ it back as soon as he (want) __________ it.
9/ I (not move) __________ from here until you (get) __________ back.
Huynh mis thus na
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10/ They (not come) __________ home until they (see) __________ everything.
Exercise XI : Supply the correct tense.
1/ They (just decide) __________ that they (undertake) ___________ the job.
2/ We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night.
3/ He usually (write) __________ in green ink.
4/ She (play) __________ the piano when our guests (arrive) __________ last night.
5/ We (do) __________ an English exercise at the moment.
6/ She (just come) __________ in and (see) __________ you in 5 minutes.
7/ I (come) __________ as soon as my work is finished. (You be) __________ ready ?
Huynh mis thus na
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and (know) __________ English well; but (not have) __________ yet the opportunity of visiting
European countries.
7/ I (know) __________ him for a very long time.
8/ When my friend Tom grows a beard, even his closest friends (not recognize) ________ him.
9/ When I (meet) __________ him in the street, he (go) __________ to the pictures.
10/ I (study) _________ English for six years now.
11/ I expect he (leave) __________ for France as soon as he (get) __________ a visa.
12/ He (visit) ______ his friend yesterday and (find) _______ that he (be) ________ out.
13/ They (sell) _________ all the dresses before we (get) __________ there.
14/ After she (work) __________ at the hospital for two years, she (decide) __________ to give
up the job.
15/ He will come at once because I (tell) __________ him by phone that you (need) __________
him urgently. I’m sure he (find) __________ his way easily although he (never visit) __________ this
house before.
16/ By the time you get back, I (finish) __________ all my correspondence and then I (can help)
______________ you with yours.
17/ In a few minutes’ time, when the clock (strike) __________ six, I (wait) __________ here for
an hour.
18/ He (know) ________ her a long time before he finally (get) _______ married to her.
19/ I hope it (not rain) __________ when the bride (leave) __________ the church.
20/ I (tell) a lie if I said that I (like) __________ you.
21/ They (intend) __________ to go there next week; but now they (find) __________ they (not
have) __________ enough money.
22/ When he grew old he often (think) __________ of all the things he (do) ___________ when
he (be) __________ young.
23/ When we (go) __________ to see them last night, they (play) __________ cards; they (say)
__________ they (play) __________ since six o’clock.
24/ This is the second time you (break) __________ a cup; you (break) __________ one
6/ The weather (be) ___________ terrible lately. It (rain) ___________ off and on for two days, and
the temperature (drop) ___________ at least twenty degrees. It (be) ___________ in the low 40s right
now. Just three days ago, the sun (shine) ___________ and the weather was pleasant. The weather
certainly (change) ___________ quickly here. I never know what to expect. Who knows ? When I
(wake) ___________ up tomorrow morning, maybe it (snow) ___________.
7/ A taxi driver (drive) ____________ along a street when he suddenly (black out) ___________ and
lost control of his vehicle. The taxi (plunge) _________ into a nearby river. A hawker, who (see)
______________ the accident, rushed from his coffee stall and (dive) ___________ into the water. He
(have) ___________ to swim twenty five metres before he could get to the taxi. The taxi driver (try)
______________ to wind down the window. The hawker reached into the taxi for the safety-belt. After
he (release) __________ the safety-belt, he pulled the driver out through the partially open window. At
the hospital, the driver (say) ____________ that the black out might (cause) ______________ by his
high blood pressure condition.
8/ Marie Curie, the Polish-born chemist, was a courageous and determined woman. She (leave)
___________ her home for Paris to pursue her interest in science. Living in poverty, she still (manage)
___________ to graduate at the top of her class. She (meet) ___________ Pierre Curie shortly after
graduation and (marry) ___________ him a year later.
Together, Pierre and Marie (form) ___________ the most famous husband-and-wife partnership in
science history. They (discover) ___________ the radioactive elements, Polonium and Radium. They
(award) ___________ the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903.
Bài 2 : CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
(Conditional Sentence)
Một câu điều kiện có hai mệnh đề : mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện (tức mệnh đề phụ) còn được gọi là mệnh
đề có if (If-clause) và mệnh đề chỉ kết quả còn được gọi là mệnh đề chính (main clause).
- If he works harder, he will succeed in his examination.
(if-clause) (main clause)
Chúng ta cũng có thể đặt mệnh đề chính ở đầu câu :
- He will succeed in his examination if he works harder.
Trong tiếng Anh có 3 loại câu điều kiện chính :
Huynh mis thus na
(= I haven’t got free time, so I won’t go swimming)
- If Tom were here, he would know the answer.
(= Tom isn’t here, so he doesn’t know the answer.)
- I would call him if I knew his number.
(= I don’t know his number, so I won’t call him)
* Quá khứ giả đònh là hình thức quá khứ đơn của các động từ ngoại trừ động từ “to be” chỉ có một
hình thức WERE cho tất cả các ngôi.
* COULD, MIGHT… có thể được dùng để thay thế cho should hay would.
- If John worked hard, he could pass his exam.
* Type III : ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở QUÁ KHỨ. (Past-unreal Condition)
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một điều kiện hoàn toàn không thực hiện được hoặc
không xảy ra trong quá khứ.
2/ Thì của động từ :
If-clause
Main clause
Past perfect
S + had + past participle
Perfect Conditional
S + would have + past participle
Huynh mis thus na
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- If he had had a lot of money, he would have bought a bigger house.
- I would have taken you to the movie if you had come to see me yesterday.
* “If” có thể được lược bỏ đi nếu có sự đảo ngữ (thường được dùng trong hình thức nhấn mạnh).
- Were I rich, I would help you.
(= If I were rich, I would help you.)
- Had he known the truth, he would have been very angry.
(= If he had known the truth, he would have been very angry)
* Ngoài liên từ “if” ra, câu điều kiện còn được bắt đầu bằng các liên từ khác như : suppose,
supposing that (giả sử như), on the condition that (với điều kiện là), as long as, so long as, provided
- ____________________________________________________
Huynh mis thus na
15
7/ I (be) sorry if she (leave).
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
8/ I (not stay) in this job if I (can find) another one.
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
9/ They (get) wet if it (rain).
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
10/ It (not bite) you unless you (move)
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
11/ We (go) out unless it (stop) snowing.
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________
EXERCISE II: Put the verbs in brackets in correct tenses.
1/ If I (have) ________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.
2/ If I had known that you were in hospital , I (visit) ________ you.
3/ You could make much progress if you (attend) ________ class regularly.
4/ If I (know) ________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.
5/ If you (arrive) ________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
6/ If he (study) ________ harder, he can pass an exam.
3/ ________ you see Jane, ask her to contact me.
4/ You’ll never pass your exam ________ you don’t work harder.
5/ Liverpool won’t win ________ they begin playing better.
6/ ________ you forget our address, you can find it in the phone book.
7/ You won’t pass your driving test ________ you drive more carefully.
8/ He’ll be ill ________ he doesn’t stop worrying so much.
9/ We’ll go to the beach tomorrow ________ it’s raining.
10/ We’ll never get there on time ________ the train leaves soon.
EXERCISE V : Use “if” in place of “unless”
1/ We won’t go out unless it stops raining.
-____________________________________________________________
2/ I will call the police unless you give back my bicycle.
-____________________________________________________________
3/ You wouldn’t be able to do this exercise unless your English were good.
-____________________________________________________________
4/ Unless we had enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.
-____________________________________________________________
5/ The fishermen couldn’t have caught a lot of fish unless they had had good nets.
-____________________________________________________________
6/ I wouldn’t buy it unless I could afford it.
-____________________________________________________________
7/ I would refuse to go unless they paid my expenses.
Huynh mis thus na
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-____________________________________________________________
8/ I don’t agree with his economic policy. I wouldn’t vote for him unless he changed it.
-____________________________________________________________
9/ He wouldn’t have written unless he had heard news.
-____________________________________________________________
10/ You might not have a terrible toothache unless you went to the dentist regularly.
15/ James has everything he wants but he’s always moaning. I’m sure that if I (have) _______
so much money, I (not moan) _______ all the time.
EXERCISE VII : Rewrite the following sentences using If clauses.
Model :
a/ My brother will have enough money. He will buy a bicycle.
→ If my brother has enough money, he will buy a bicycle.
Huynh mis thus na
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b/ She can’t speak English. She won’t apply for the job.
→ If she could speak English she would apply for the job.
c/ He wasn’t here. He didn’t have a lot of fun.
→ If he had been here, he would have had a lot of fun.
1/ She can’t be employed because she doesn’t have a college degree.
→ ______________________________________________
2/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year.
→ ______________________________________________
3/ He is very slow, so we won’t give his such an important task.
→ ______________________________________________
4/ I’ll have to work this Sunday, so I shan’t join your picnic.
→ ______________________________________________
5/ He works overtime to get more money because he has to pay father’s debt.
→ ______________________________________________
6/ City life isn’t enjoyable because everything is very expensive.
→ ______________________________________________
7/ There are industrial factories inside the city, that’s why pollution can’t be reduced.
→ ______________________________________________
8/ Everything on the earth grows well because the sun always shines.
→ ______________________________________________
9/ There is a grammar error in this English composition, that’s why it can’t get a full mark.
→ ______________________________________________
- That house was built 100 years ago.
- Those windows are painted blue.
Passive sentence : S + be + past participle
1/ Hãy quan sát ví dụ sau :
* Active : Tom brokethe chair yesterday.
S V O
* Passive : The chair was broken by Tom yesterday.
S be + P.P by doer
2/ Ghi nhớ: Cách đổi một câu từ active sang passive :
* Lấy túc từ (O) trong câu chủ động xuống làm chủ từ (S) trong câu thụ động.
* Nhận xét xem động từ chia trong câu chủ động ở thì nào, ta chia TO BE ở thì đó rồi viết động
từ chính ở dạng quá khứ phân từ (p.p).
* Lấy chủ từ (S) trong câu chủ động xuống làm doer trong câu thụ động, nhớ viết BY ngay đằng
trước.
* Trạng từ giữ nguyên không đổi và thường đặt cuối câu (nếu là trạng từ chỉ thời gian).
3/ Một vài ví dụ khác :
+ (a) simple present : [Subject+ am / is / are + P.P ]
- Mr.Green teaches history.
History is taught by Mr.Green.
+ (b) present perfect : [ S + has / have + been + p.p ]
- He has just done his homework.
His homework has just been done by him.
+ (c) present continuous : [ S + am / is / are / + being + p.p]
- She is cleaning the windows.
The windows are being cleaned by her.
+ (d) simple past : [ S + was / were + p.p]
- The boss sacked ten workers.
Ten workers were sacked by the boss.
+ (e) past perfect : [ S + had been + p.p]
- Mary had written the letter.
+ (n) With ‘let’ : [ S + be – let + bare inf ]
- They let him do it.
He was let do it.
+ (o) With ‘begin or start’: [ S + begin / start + to be + p.p ]
- They began to build the house in 1980.
The house began to be built in 1980.
+ (p) With “say, report, rumour…’:
- People say that prevention is better than cure.
It is said that prevention is better than cure.
Huynh mis thus na
21
Prevention is said to be better than cure. (…cách đổi này được áp dụng cho các động từ
như: SAY, REPORT, THINK, BELIEVE, RUMOUR…)
+ (q) câu mệnh lệnh : [ Let + O + be – p.p ]
- Open the door, please.
Let the door be opened, please.
EXERCISE I : Supply the correct tense and voice.
1/ Everyone (shock) … was shocked … by the news yesterday.
2/ Almost everyone (enjoy)… enjoyed … the lecture last night.
3/ English (speak) _________ all over the world.
4/ A terrible accident (happen) _________ right here at 6 o’clock last night.
5/ Mr. Smith (teach) _________ at this university since 1985.
6/ Not much (say) _________ about the matter since last week.
7/ He (borrow) _________ the money from her two weeks ago.
8/ A new textbook (publish) _________ by that company next year.
9/ Everything (go) _________ well so far. There (be) _________ no trouble yet.
10/ Who the book (write) _________ by ?
11/ Think carefully. I’m sure you (remember) _________ his name.
12/ The report (examine) _________ now.
EXERCISE II : Turn into the passive voice.
15/ They awarded him the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1946.
- ______________________________________________________
16/ We saw him leave the office at 6 o’clock this morning.
- ______________________________________________________
17/ My parents didn’t let me go to school this morning because I was ill.
- ______________________________________________________
18/ You ought to water these plants once a week.
- ______________________________________________________
19/ People saw her driving a car near the bridge.
- ______________________________________________________
20/ They said that he was the richest man in the town.
- ______________________________________________________
21/ Scientists began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1981.
- ______________________________________________________
22/ The boy knew that they were praising him.
- ______________________________________________________
23/ Everybody believed that he had died of lung cancer.
- ______________________________________________________
24/ They hadn’t built the bridge when we first came here.
- ______________________________________________________
25/ I can assure you that I will arrange everything in time.
- ______________________________________________________
EXERCISE III : Change to the active voice.
1/ Progress in science is being made day after day.
- ______________________________________________________
2/ The palace was designed by a French architect.
- ______________________________________________________
3/ The road in front of my house has been paved.
- ______________________________________________________
4/ You can see that the dishes haven’t been washed.
8/ We’ll have finished all the work by the weekend.
- ______________________________________________________
9/ I heard her singing very beautifully.
- ______________________________________________________
10/ Scientists started discovering the universe thousands of years ago.
- ______________________________________________________
11/ Nothing can be gained without effort.
- ______________________________________________________
12/ The robbers forced the bank manager to hand over the money.
- ______________________________________________________
13/ They let us go.
- ______________________________________________________
14/ The police stopped Tom on the highway and made him show his I.D card.
- ______________________________________________________
15/ Write your address on the back of the cheque.
- ______________________________________________________
16/ Where did your child find the keys ?
- ______________________________________________________
17/ Some people think he is a dangerous criminal.
- ______________________________________________________
18/ They will have to sign these documents.
- ______________________________________________________
19/ The workers are going to pull down that old building.
Huynh mis thus na
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- ______________________________________________________
20/ No one told me the truth.
- ______________________________________________________
EXERCISE V : More exercises on Passive voice.
1. Yes - No questions :
- ___________________________________________________
f. What books are people reading this year ?
- ___________________________________________________
g. How did the police find the lost man ?
- ___________________________________________________
h. Who looked after the children for you ?
- ___________________________________________________
i. How long have they waited for the doctor ?
- ___________________________________________________
j. What time can the boys hand in their papers ?
Huynh mis thus na
25
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