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Answer Key
Focus A
Guided Practice
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1 Hide Preparation
1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (E)
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2 Succession
1. (F) 2. (B) 3. (E)
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3 Constellations
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A)
Summary
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1 Literature
Sample response:
1. Through literature, we can learn about the
world in three main ways.
2. First, we learn about people by reading the
experiences of the author.
3. Second, we learn about history when we
read stories written in the past.
4. Last, the writing itself can teach us about the
language we use.
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2 The Renaissance
Sample response:
1. The Renaissance was a period of remarkable
change.
2. People’s major concern shifted from God to

which deals with the search for minerals and fuels.
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2 Evaluating Sources
Suggested answer:
This passage explains how to evaluate different
sources of information. First, we should consider
if the source is a primary source, which means the
writer gives first-hand information, or if the source
is a secondary source, which means the writer gives
second-hand information. Another point to consider
is whether the source is presenting facts or opinions.
Finally, we should look at when the source was
written, as older sources may have outdated
information.
Chapter
3
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3 Machines
Suggested answers:
This passage explains three examples of simple
machines: levers, pulleys, and wheels and axles.
Simple machines like these are useful because
they can multiply the force applied to them and
they can change the direction of that force.
Levers are used to lift and push. Pulleys are used
to lift heavy objects. Wheels and axles are used to
turn large wheels.
Summary
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jewelry. Next, it describes how the Zuni people
learned silver working from the Navajo. Eventually,
turquoise became more important than silver in
Zuni pieces. Finally, the passage describes Hopi sil-
ver works. They first learned this craft from the
Zuni and later formed a silver works guild with
soldiers from World War II.
Skill A
01
1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (A)
4. Don’t SKIP meals / Eat when you are HUNGRY /
Eat REGULAR meals / Eat fruit, VEGETABLES,
meats, and grains
02
1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B), (C)
4. Known: year of BIRTH, year of DEATH /
Unknown: month of BIRTH, name of LOVER
03
1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (D)
4. Physical changes: stored energy in fat, SLOW
BREATHING, LOW or SLOW HEART RATE /
Animals that hibernate: BEARS, snakes, FROGS
04
1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (C)
4. Storage: (over) 5,000 songs
Size: 9.1 cm (3.6 inches) tall / 5 cm (2 inches) wide
05
1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (D)
4. SPORT / Ex. the PERSISTENCE Hunt / Who: the
SAN people / What: hunted ANTELOPE / How:

4. COMEDY - happy endings
TRAGEDY - hero ruins his life
TRAGICOMEDY - unexpected endings
04
1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (A)
4. BLUE rays scatter most
RED rays scatter least
YELLOW rays scatter neither most nor least
05
1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (A), (D)
4. keep in DORM ROOM / let them OUT or WALK
in the room / give them BATHS or FOOD / take
them back to the BEACH
06
1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B), (C)
4. important aspects of reading: SPEED,
UNDERSTANDING, enjoyment, REMEMBERING
07
1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (B)
4. Why don’t we get enough? --- LONG winters, not
going OUTSIDE often, few FOODS have much of it
How can we get more? --- eating FISH, getting
more SUNSHINE
08
1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C)
4. LICENSE PLATE --- lets others know who’s driving
LADDER --- helps spiders get out of bathtubs
(PORTABLE) SEAT --- provides a chair to sit on
wherever you are
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Causes: they LAY EGGS on the beach, people
EAT/TAKE THE EGGS
How to help: call the ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION hotline, look up www.enviro.com
on the INTERNET
06
1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (B)
4. When? this YEAR / Who? CHOI MIN-SOO /
What? machine that LESSENS noise / Why? help
people who need QUIET
07
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B)
4. Development: When? OVER 2,500 YEARS AGO,
Where? CHINA / Method: Uses what? NEEDLES,
How many body spots? 787
08
1. (B) 2. (A), (B), (C) 3. (A)
4. (A) LINE (B) (LINE) SEGMENT (C) POINT
Review A-C
Vocabulary Review
1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (A)
4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (C)
7. (B) 8. (A) 9. (A)
10. (B) 11. (D) 12. (C)
13. (B) 14. (D) 15. (C)
16. fortune 17. determined 18. multiply
19. continuously 20. specific 21. (O)
22. (S) 23. (O) 24. (S)
25. (O)
Skill Review

th
century --- (A), (B) / 20
th
century --- (C), (D)
4. born in GERMANY / attended university in
SWITZERLAND / left GERMANY / moved to USA
05
1. (A) 2. (B)
3. Yes --- (B), (C), (D); No --- (A)
4. Why? His body NEEDS MORE OXYGEN / Why?
Oxygen CLEANS YOUR BLOOD / How to get
more Oxygen? BREATH DEEPLY
06
1. (C) 2. (D)
3. Largest --- (C), (D); Smallest --- (A), (B)
4. Where: lies between ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC,
300 km north of ANTARCTICA / Facts: 1500 km
wide at equator, has 12 countries
07
1. (D) 2. (B)
3. Category --- (A); Process --- (B), (C), (D)
4. When? NEXT WEEK / Where? STUDENT CENTER /
What? students photos of NATURE, STUDENTS,
PROFESSORS, BUILDINGS
08
1. (D) 2. (C)
3. China --- (C); Rome --- (A); The Bible --- (B)
4. information about NUMBERS OF PEOPLE / helps
GOVERNMENTS / early examples from CHINA,
THE BIBLE, ROMAN EMPIRE

Walk BACKWARDS --- Strengthens the BACK of
your legs
06
1. normally --- (B), (D); slowly --- (A), (C)
2. (C) 3. (B)
4. how fast? 2,200 km/h, once a day it TURNS
AROUND / SLOWER than Earth’s, moon gets
TWO WEEKS of night and TWO WEEKS of day
07
1. Man --- (B), (C); Woman --- (A), (D)
2. (A) 3. (A)
4. TV SHOW (George Washington) / INTERNET (too
many sites) / VIDEO (professor could recommend
one)
08
1. Detail --- (B); Color --- (C); Movement --- (A)
2. (B) 3. (D)
4. How to REMEMBER things better
Give objects THREE qualities
DETAIL COLOR MOVEMENT
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Answer Key