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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Candidate’s statement . .i
Acknowledgement . .ii
Abstract . . .iii
Table of contents . .iv
Appendix . .vi
List of abbreviations and tables . .vii
 
Part A: INTRODUCTION 1
1. Rationale 1
2. Aims of the study 1
3. Scope of the study 1
4. Research questions of the study 2
5. Methods of study 2
6. Design of study 2
Part B: DEVELOPMENT 4
CHAPTER 1 : LITERATURE REVIEW 4
1.1. Communicative approach to language teachers 4
1.1.1. What is meant by Communication? 4
1.1.2. Communicative Language Teaching 5
1.1.2.1. Nature of Communicative Language Teaching 5
1.1.2.2. The Techniques of Communicative Language Teaching 5
1.2. Definition of pair work and group work 6
1.3. Advantages and disadvantages of pair and group work 7
1.3.1. The advantages of pairwork and groupwork 7
1.3.2. Disadvantages 8
1.4. How to organize pair work and group work : 9
1.4.1. Preparation for group work: 9
1.4.2. Steps of organizing pair work and group work : 11
1.5. Difficulties in organizing pair work and group work and suggested solutions 12
1.5.1. Difficulties : 12
1.5.2. Solution : 13
CHAPTER 2 : PRACTICAL RESEARCH 14
2.1. Background of the study 14
2.1.1. Description of the English syllabus in PVN school. 14
2.1.2. Description of the students at PVN school 14
2.1.3. Description of the teachers at the PVN 15
2.1.4. Description of physical setting 15
2.2. Design and methodology 16
2.2.1. The participants 16
2.2.2. Research instruments 16
2.2.3. Data analysis 17
2.3. Presentation of statistical results 17
2.3.1. Questionnaires 17
2.3.2. Classroom observation 25
2.3.3. Examples of pair work and group work 26
CHAPTER 3 : FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS 30
3.1. FINDINGS 30
3.1.1. How teachers at PVN school organize pairwork and groupwork 30
3.1.2. Difficulties from teachers 32
3.1.3. Difficulties from students 32
3.1.3. Objective factors 33
3.2. SUGGESTIONS 33
3.2.1. General suggestions 33
3.2.2. Some suggested exercises in working in pair and group 35
Part C : CONCLUSION 38
1. Summary of the study 38
2. Limitations of the study 39
3. Suggestions for further study 39
REFERENCES 40
 
 


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rk .Observation is done in classes of different aims and purposes : teaching speaking, teaching reading, teaching listening, teaching grammar and teaching writing, the researcher has to design the Classroom Observation Sheet before observing classes.The classes observed must be from grade 10 to 12 and with all eight teachers of English in PVN upper secondary school.The classes observed must not be prepared especially for being obseved.
2.2.3. Data analysis
Data analysis is not simply a single description of the collected data. In fact, it is the process by which the researcher interprets the data collected from the survey questionnaires. The scheme and coding catergories in this research emerged from an examination of data rather than being pre- determined and imposed on the data.
2.3. Presentation of statistical results
2.3.1. Questionnaires
2.3.1.1. The result of language teaching survey questionnaires
Table 1 : The results of the language teaching survey
No
Questions
Options
Number of teachers
Percent (%)
1
How long do you usually spend on pair work and group work?
a. 5 minutes per period
0
0
b. 10 minutes per period
2
25
c. 15 minutes per period
2
25
d. More than 15 minutes per period
3
37,5
e. Other Options : from 5 to 15 minutes per period
1
11,3
2
In your opinion, What are the main benefits of the pair work and group work ?
a. To make students more motivative
2
25
b. To make the class more interesting
4
50
c. To Giúp the learning process
2
25
d. To Giúp the teaching process
0
0
e. To kill the time
0
0
f. Other option
0
0
3
Which activities do you often use pair work and group work ?
a. Speaking
8
100
b. Writing
4
50
c. Reading
3
37,5
d. Listening
3
37,5
e. Other option :
0
0
4
How do you create pairwork and group work ?
a. Students at the same tables
2
25
b. Students from different tables
1
11,3
c. Students sitting next to each other
4
50
d. Students sitting far from each other
0
0
e. Students in different rows
1
11,3
f. Good students with good ones. Weak students with the weak ones
0
0
g. Good students with the weak ones
0
0
h. Other options
0
0
5
In your opinion, pair work and groupwork are most useful for teaching ...
a. Grammar
8
100
b. Pronunciation
3
37,5
c. Vocabulary
1
11,3
d. Translation
1
11,3
e. Reading
4
50
f. Writing
3
37,5
g. Speaking
8
100
h. Listening
2
25
i. Other options
0
0
6
To use pair work and group work successfully in a secondary school, the teacher has to….
a. Have awareness of the work
3
37,5
b. Good preparation
6
75
c. Make the work suitable to the students
5
62,5
d. Give clear instruction with examples
4
50
e. Control the work
3
37,5
f. Create the competitive sense
1
11,3
g. Other option
0
0
7
How do you often prepare materials for pair work and group work in your classes ?
a. Use the information given in the textbook
7
87,5
b. Use the same topics as in the textbook but not the same copies
4
50%
c. Take an extract or information from another reference books
1
11,3
d. Self- Design
2
25
e. Collaborate with your coleagues or get their opinions
2
25
f. Other option
0
0
8
How useful do you think pair work and group work are to improve learning at your school ?
a. It is a vital activity in language teaching
2
25
b. It is one of the important and useful activities in language teaching
5
62,5
c. It is a good activity to be applied
2
25
d. It is neither good nor bad
0
0
e. Its usefulness is not clear
0
0
f. It has no use
0
0
9
Is it easy to use pair work and group work in language teaching ?
a.Very easy
0
0
b. Not very easy
5
62,5
c. Easy
3
37,5
d. Difficult
1
11,3
e. Very difficult
0
0
f. Other option
0
0
10
The factors which effect most on the success of a pair work and group work are… ?
a.Teaching experience
3
37,5
b. The age of the teacher
1
11,3
c. The language proficiency of the teacher
1
11,3
d. The teacher’s ability of organizing
1
11,3
e. The hardship of the students
4
21,1
f. The cooperation of the students
6
75
g. The language proficiency of the students
5
62,5
h. Other options
0
0
The questionaires results Giúp the author know the attitude, the knowledge and the understanding of pairwork and groupwork of the teachers in PVN high school. For the question about the time amount for pair work and group work in a class, none of them chose 5 minutes, most of the teachers (87,5%) consider 10 minutes or more is suitable time for working in pairs or groups. One person chose from 5 to 15 minutes.
Question 2 is about the benefit of pair work and group work in language classes. 50% of them saw the benefits of these activities in making class more interesting and 50% consider pairwork and groupwork helping in motivating students and learning process. The teachers seemed not to find the benefits of pair work and group work in teaching process.
In question 3, all teachers use pairwork and group work for teaching speaking in every lesson. Some of them use pair work and group work for another skills depending on the features of each lesson.
Question 4 mentions about the way to organize pair work and group work. Most teachers (75%) choose students sitting next to each others (students sitting at the same tables, at the tables next to each others). The teachers seem not to notice grouping students depending on abilities, hobies. They only focus on seats.
With the same view as in option 3, the teachers in this school thought that pair work and group work is the most useful for teaching grammar and speaking (100%), and then reading, writing, listening…
In the next question, 75% of the teachers saya that in order to make pair work and group work successful, the teachers’ preparation is the most important factor. 62,5% of the teachers consider making the work suitable to the students important and the next, less important is the teacher’s awareness of the work, clear instruction with examples and controlling the work. They paid little attention to create the competitive sense.
To prepare for pair work and group work, most of the teachers (87,5%) use the information given in the textbook. Half of the teachers (50%) use the same topics as in the textbook but not the same copies. Some of them take an extract or information from another commercial books, design by themselves, or collaborate with their colleagues or get their opinions.
With the same point of view of question 2, in question 8, most of the teachers considered pair work and group work as one of the most important and useful activities in language classes. Some of them think it as a vital activity in language teaching.
After answering all questions about the time, the benefits, the usefulness… of pair work and group work, all teachers see that pair work and group work are neither easy nor difficult to be applied in language classes. The cooperation of the students, the hardship of the students and the language proficiency of the students are main factors affecting the success of pair work and group work The other factors have little influence on it
2.3.1.2. The result of language learning survey questionnaires
120 sheets of language learning survey questionnaires were delivered for students in all three grades 10, 11, 12. Forty students were chosen from each grade, twenty of them from level A and another twenty from level B. The students were from eight classes taught by different teachers. Students were choosen freely in order to have different abilities of English study with different attitudes to English learning. They are of course both sexes.
Table 2 : Characteristics of the students participating in the language learning survey
Grade
Number
Sex
English study result of the previous term
Male
Female
Excellent
Good
Fare
Bad
10
A
20
10
10
2
8
8
2
B
20
6
14
1
9
9
1
11
A
20
8
12
3
7
6
4
B
20
9
11
1
12
6
1
12
A
20
5
15
0
15
5
0
B
20
4
16
0
12
5
3
Table 3 : The result of the language learning survey
No
Questions
Options
Number of
students
Percent
%
1
What do you think it is an appropriate time for pair work and group work ?
1. 5 minutes per period
5
4,2
2. 10 minutes per period
39
32,5
3. 15 minutes per period
45
37,5
4. More than 15 minutes period
20
16,7
5. Other options
11
9,2
2
What are the main benefits of the pair work and group work ?
1. To make students more motivative
21
17,5
2. To make the class more interesting
60
50
3. To Giúp the learning process
35
29,2
4. To Giúp the teaching process
4
3,4
5. To kill the time
0
0
6. Other options
0
0
3
Which activities do you often work in pairs and groups ?
1. Speaking
100
83,3
2. Writing
90
75
3. Reading
120
100...

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