CHINH SACH
DAN
TQC
CUA
DANG
VA
NHA
NiAJC
TRONG THdfl K( f)d(
M6(
TS
NGUYEN
DOC
Ai
hue hidn ehinh sach dan tdc trdn
nguydn tdc dodn kd't, binh ddng,
giijp
dd
Idn
nhau gitfa cdc dan tdc,
dudng
Id'i
ddi mdi
ciia
Dang tai Dai hdi VI
(12-1986) khdng djnh: " chinh
sdeh
dan
tde ludn ludn
Id
mdt bd phan trgng yd'u

sd thdng nhat lgi fch
ehung
la xay dung
nude
Viet
Nam "dan gidu, nudc manh, xa
hdi
cdng bdng, dan
chii,
van minh" ma edn
phdi bid't phat huy cac gia trj truyen thdng
quy bau
ciia
mdi thanh vidn,
ciia
ttmg dan
tde,
tao thdnh sire manh tdng hgp. Dai doan
ke't todn dan tde la mdt
bd
phan
eiia
dudng
Id'i
ddi mdi, la thanh qua
eiia
cdng
cude
ddi
mdi.

chi'nh
sach
cua Ddng va Nha nudc; nhidu van de
phire
tap ve dan tdc va tdn giao, van de dan sinh
btrc
xtic
dugc giai quyd't. Cdng tac van
ddng ngudi cd uy tfn trong ddng bao dan
tdc
thieu sd (DTTS), van ddng chirc sdc, tin
dd cac tdn giao dugc coi trgng. Nhd dd,
khd'i dai doan ke't toan dan tdc khdng
ngirng dugc cung cd va tang cudng tren co
sd, ndn tang
eiia
khd'i lidn minh cdng -
ndng - trf va thuc hidn tdt nguyen tde cac
dan tdc ddu binh ddng, doan kd't, hgp tac,
giiip dd nhau cting tidn bd.
Dudng
Id'i
ddi mdi diing ddn
ciia
Dang
la nggn cd doan ket, tap hgp nhan dan
trong thdi ki phat trien mdi
ciia
da't nudc.
Td chire dang va chinh quyen cac cap cd

dd, da phat huy duge
sire
manh
eiia
toan dan tdc nhdm thuc hien thdng lgi eae
mue
tieu phat trie'n kinh td- xa hdi dugc dat
ra trong mdi giai doan
ciia
each mang.
Lanh dao
plidt
trien ndn kinh te thj trudng
dinh hudng XHCN vdi xuat phdt diem
ciia
nen kinh te
tliap,
Ddng ta
chii
truong kd't
hgp sue manh dan tde vdi sire manh thdi
dai,
ke't hgp ndi luc vdi ngoai luc; trong dd,
npi lue ddng vai trd quye't djnh, ngoai luc
giif vai trd quan trgng. Nhd dd, ndn kinh
te'
cua nudc ta vdn giii duge tdc do tang
trudng eao trong thdi gian ddi, gidm duge
tiic dpng tieu cue
ciia

trudng dat 90%-95%. Gdn 100% xa mien
nui ed nha van hod hoac diem buu didn -
van hod; nhieu thdn, ban ed nha sinh hoat
cdng ddng; gdn 90% xa cd didn thoai;
100%
xa ed td ehiic co sd dang; gan 90%
thdn ban cd chi bd, gidm sd thdn, ban
khdng ed dang vidn. Ddi ngu edn bd ngudi
DTTS cd bude trudng thanh, ti
Id
edn bd
ngudi DTTS trong he thdng chinh trj d ede
cap ngdy edng dugc nang
Idn 3.
Cac chuang trinh, chfnh sach
eiia
Ddng
va Nha nude da tao co
hdi
dot phd giiip
ngudi ngheo dn dinh cude sdng. Nhieu hd
da thoat ngheo va vuon len lam gidu, gdp
phdn tieh cue vao su phat trid'n kinh te - xa
hgi vting DTTS, mien mii. Mgt sd chinh
sach dac bidt da va dang lam thay ddi can
bdn ddi sdng kinh te - xa hdi khu vuc mien
niii,
vting ddng bao DTTS. Nhidu chinh
sach dac bidt da tao nen hidu qud to
Idn,

kd't qua tdt, ddi sdng ddng bdo DTTS ngheo
tung bude cdi thidn; trinh
dd ddi
ngu can
be
cap xa, thdn, ban dugc nang len. Ti
Id
hd
ngheo hdng nam gidm tu 3-4%. Tinh dd'n
hd't nam 2009, da ed khodng
110
xa
ciia
26
tinh da hoan thdnh cde mue tidu dau tu va
dugc dua ra khdi Chuong trinh
135^.
Ddng
bao cdc dan
tdc
ngay cang tin tudng vao su
lanh dao cua Dang va cdng cude ddi mdi
da't nudc, doan ke't cdng ddng, tich
cue
tham gia xay dung va bao vd To qudc.
Cdng tdc ddo tao, bdi dudng, nang cao
trinh do, tay nghe cho ngudi lao ddng, gidi
TAP
CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6c - SO 172 (5-2010)
25

ngheo tiep tuc gidm d tat ed eae vting, tinh,
thanh phd. Trong 2 nam 2006 - 2007, hd
ngheo tiep tue gidm binh quan trdn 300
nghin hd/nam, nam 2006
ti Id
hd ngheo
edn
15,5%,
nam 2007 edn 14,8%
(giam
dugc 7,2% so vdi cudi nam 2005). Trong
dd,
Tay
Bde cdn 32,4%, Ddng Bde 23,4%,
ddng bdng sdng Hdng 10%, Bde Trung Bd
23,4%,
duydn hdi midn Trung 16,2%, Tay
Nguydn
21,3%,
Ddng Nam
Bd
5,1%, ddng
bdng sdng Cim Long 12,9%. Mdt sd dja
phuong da co bdn xoa hd't sd
hd
ngheo theo
chudn qudc gia (nhu Da Ndng, Binh
Duong, thdnh phd Hd Chf Minh) va dp
dung chuan ngheo mdi
eiia

phdt
trien giao
due
thdng qua vide phdt hdnh cdng trai gido
due,
ddng gdp eua dan cu, cua doanh
nghiep, vd'n ttr ben ngoai. Co sd vat chat
cLia
nganh da dugc tang cudng, dac bidt la
dd'i vdi vung niii, vting ddng bao dan tdc
thieu so" . Danh gia
sir
lanh dao sau
nira
nhiem ki Dai
hdi
X, Hdi nghj Trung uang
9 khdng djnh: "Giao due d vting sau, vting
xa, vting kinh td' - xa
hdi
khd khan dupc
quan tam phdt trien hon.
Tliuc
hien nhidu
chinh sach hd trg hgc sinh ngheo, tre
khuyet tat, tre em cd hoan canh khd khan,
con em ddng bao cac dan tdc thieu
sd"^.
He thdng trudng dan
tdc ndi

mue
tidu qudc gia cham sdc
SLi:c
khoe nhan dan.
Nha nudc da tang cudng dau tu nang cap
cac
CO
sd y te, mang ludi kham chtfa benh
ttr trung uong dd'n tinh, huyen, xa.
Vide
thuc hidn ed kd't qua cac chuang trinh y td'
tai cdng ddng va kham chtra bdnh ban dau
cho ngudi bdnh cd the bao hiem y te, ngudi
ngheo tai xa da gdp phan tao dieu kien
d^
ngudi dan tiep can djch vu y te' ca ban co
chat lugng ban. Y te du phdng, edng tac
phdng, chdng djch benh dugc tang cudng;
da kjp thdi khdng che, ngan chan khdng de
djch tidu chay cap lan rdng, keo dai; phdng
chdng cd hidu qua cac benh sdt xua't huyet,
26
TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NUOC - SO 172 (5-2010)
NGHIEN
COU
- TRAO DOI
chan tay midng De'n nay, cd nude
ed
45%
so xa dat chudn qud'e

DTTS. Hoat
dpng van hoa
d co sd va
phong trao "Todn
clan
dodn
ke't
xdy
dUng
din sdng vdn hod
d
khu
ddn cu", cdc
hoat ddng
the'
due,
the
thao
cd
budc phdt trid'n. Bdo
chf,
xuat
bdn,
phat thanh, truyen hinh phat trien nhanh,
phong phii,
da
dang,
ed
nhidu ddng
gdp

ciia
cdch mang
Viet Nam. Sdng "Tdt ddi dep dao", "Ddng
hanh cting dan tde" ludn
Id
truyen thdng,
la
mue tieu ehung
cua eae td
chirc
tdn
gido
d
Viet Nam
va la co sd
hod nhap, ciing
cd
va
tang cudng khd'i
dai
doan
kd't
giua ddng
bao
ed tfn
ngudng,
tdn
giao
vdi
ddng

tdn giao sdng "Dep dao" cting chfnh
la
gop phdn
lam cho cae gid trj dao
diic,
van
hoa tdt dep
ciia
dan tdc dugc nhan
rdng
phd
bie'n, dugc hien thue
hod
trong
xa
hdi,
gdp
phdn Cling
cd va
tang cudng viing chde
khdi dai doan kd't toan dan.
Ngoai
ra,
thue hidn ehfnh sach
dan tdc
cua Dang
va Nha
nude,
td
chiic

\'a
Nhd nude
tdn vinh cdng
lao to
Idn ciia
cac
DTTS
ddi
vdi thdng
lgi
ehung
ciia
each mang Viet
Nam.
Tuy nhidn, vide thuc hidn ehinh sach
dan
tdc ciia
Ddng
va Nhd
nudc trong thdi
gian vtra
qua vdn cdn
mdt
sd bat
cap,
yd'u
kem
cdn
khdc phue
nhu:

binh quan
cd
nude.
Mdt so
ehinh sach
trg
giiip ngudi
ngheo,
hd
ngheo, vting ngheo chua dugc
td
chirc thuc hien
tdt^.
- Cdng tac bdo vd
va
cham sdc sire khoe
nhan
dan cdn
nhidu
bat
cap.
He
thdng
y te'
chain dot mdi, chat lugng djch vu
y
td'ehua
dap
ung nhu cdu
ngay edng

Id
hdi-
Cdc thid't ehe van
hoa cdn
thieu, khai
thae,
sir
dung chua hieu
qud.
Mirc hudng
thu van hod
ciia
nhan
dan edn
thap,
ehdnh lech
Idn
gitra
cdc
vting,
cdc
tdng
ldp dan cu.
Chat lugng phong trdo
"Todn
ddn dodn
ke't
xdy
dUng
ddi sdng vdn

trudng ), qudn
ly bdo
chf (cd
bdo viet, phdt thanh, truyen
hinh, internet,
blog),
xuat
ban edn
nhieu
mat budng ldng,
de nay
sinh tidu
cue va
khuynh hudng khdng lanh manh,
rat
bat
lgi
vd cdng
tac
chinh trj,
tu
tudng.
- Cdng
tac bao vd an
ninh
ndi
bd, an
ninh kinh te,
an
ninh ndng thdn, nhdt

ddng
vidn Viet kieu ddu tu tai Viet
Nam trong nhting ngdnh,
linh
vuc ma Viet
Nam dang rat thidu
De tidp tuc thuc hidn tdt ehinh sach dan
tde eua Ddng va Nha nude, cdc cap
iiy,
chfnh quyen va doan the' cdn tap trung mdt
sd ndi dung
chii
yd'u sau:
- Phat huy mgi ngudn luc de thiic day
tang trudng kinh te, kim ehe lam phat, phdt
trien nen kinh te
tin
trudng djnh hudng
XHCN
phti
hgp vdi dae did'm, dieu kien
eiia
ttmg vung, bdo ddm cho ddng bao cae
dan tde khai thdc the manh
ciia
dja phuong
ldm giau cho minh va cho dat nudc, tham
gia tieh cue vao su nghiep ddi mdi, xay
dung vd bdo vd vung chdc Td qudc Vidt
Nam XHCN.

mien nui, nang cao chat lugng va hidu qua
giao due, dao tao, nhat la he thdng trudng
phd thdng dan tdc ndi tru cac cap; dua
chuang trinh day nghe vao cac trudng dan
tdc
ndi
trii; tiep tuc thue hidn tdt chinh sdeh
uu tidn,
cir
tuyen con em ddng bao cac
DTTS vao hgc tai cac trudng dai hgc va cao
ddng. Thuc hidn chfnh sach uu tidn,
khuyen khfch ddi vdi can
bd
la ngudi
DTTS,
can
bd
cdng tdc d vting DTTS va
mien niii. Cd chinh sach vdi ngudi cd uy
tin trong cdng ddng, ke ca
mdt
so chire sdc
tdn gido, gia lang, trudng ban.
- Ddu tu bdo tdn va phat trid'n gid trj van
hda cua cdng ddng cac dan
tdc
Viet Nam
va
ciia

cude
sdng. Nha
nudc cd chfnh sach uu dai dac bidt vd vd'n,
midn gidm thue've cung
iing
vat tu, chuyen
giao cdng nghd tidn tien va tidu thu san
phdm, ke cd xuat khau cho ba con cae dan
tdc;
bao dam luong thuc eho cdc vting van
tai khd khan, thidu thdn luang thuc, tao
didu kidn de ddng bao khdng quay lai cupc
28
TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6C - SO 172 (5-2010)
sdng du canh, du eu, phat nuang lam rdy
nhu trudc kia.
Thuc hidn dudng
Id'i
ddi
mdi.
Dang ta
tie'p tuc khdng
djnli:
"Dang ta ludn coi van
de dan tde va doan kd't ede dan tde la van
de ehid'n luge, co ban, lau dai cua su nghidp
each
mang nudc ta. Cac dan tde trong dai
gia
dinh

Thuc hidn ehfnh sdeh dan tde
trong giai doan hidn nay cdn qudn triet
phuong cham: Lay mue tidu xay dung mdt
nudc Viet Nam hda binh,
ddc
lap, thdng
nha't, toan ven lanh thd, dan gidu, nude
manh, dan
chii,
cdng bdng, van minh lam
diem tuong
ddngQ
1.
Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Van kien Dai hpi
thai ki
doi
moi,
NXB. CTQG. Ha
Noi,
2005, tr.
101.
2,
6, 8. Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Van kien Hpi
nghi lan thif chfn Ban Chap hanh Trung uong khoa
X, NXB. CTQG, H 2009, tr. 77-78, 36, 31.
3.
Chinh sach dan tpc cua Dang va Nha nudc ta:
http://baolangson.
vn/node/195.
4,

CONG VU
(Tie'p
theo trang
12).
De bao ddm eho
ddi
ngu CB,CC thue su
la "edng
bde"
ciia
dan, Chien luge cung ehi
ro:
"Tliuc
hien tdt quy chd' dan chu, md
rpng dan
ehii
true tid'p d co sd, bao ddm eho
dan tid'p xiic dd ddng vdi cac co quan cdng
quyen, cd dieu kidn kiem tra cdn bd, cdng
chirc,
nha't la nhung ngudi true tid'p lam
vide vdi
dan"!^.
Nhung quan diem chf dao
ciia
Dang da
duge Nha nudc trien khai thuc hidn ttr
vide
ban hanh cac van ban phdp luat de didu
chinli cde quan he ve cdng vu, edng ehirc

3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Sdd, T5, tr.
240-241,
269,
277,273,277,270,282.
4.
Sdd, t.4, tr. 57
5.
Sdd, t.4, tr. 57
II
13. Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien
Dang'thai
ki
ddi
mdi, NXB. CTQG, H. 2005,
tr.378,
217-218.
12.
Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Van kien Dai
hoi dai bieu toan quoc
lan
thif IX, NXB CTQG,
H.
2001,
tr.
135.
TAP
CHI QUAN LY NHA NU6c - SO 172 (5-2010)
29