PREPOSITION
(Above, over on to from through into out of by Below, under)
2. Giới từ chỉ nơi chốn:
a. On:
* ở trên (chạm vào, sát vào, bao phủ hoặc tạo thành một phần của bề mặt.
VD: On the wall / grass / table.
* ở ( một đại lộ, một con đường)
VD: on Tran Hung Dao Street.
* ở trên / trong hoặc một phương tiện chuyên chở.
VD: on the plane / train…
* trên / dựa trên
VD: on his back, on horse back …
b. At + địa chỉ :
VD: at 10 Ngo Quyen Street.
c. In + tên nước, tỉnh, thành phố.
VD: in viet Nam, in Ho Chi Minh city.
d. Một số giới từ chỉ vị trí khác:
above ( bên trên), around ( xung quanh), behind (đằng sau), below ( bên dưới), beside (bên cạnh), between (ở giữa),
far from (ở xa), in front of (trước mặt), in the middle of ( ở giữa), inside (bên trong), near (gần), next to (bên cạnh),
on the top of (trên đỉnh),
outside (bên ngoài), under (bên dưới).
1. Giới từ chỉ thời gian:at, on , in , from … to, for, by, after, between, till, until ….
a. At + một thời điểm cụ thể.
VD: at night/ three o’clock in the afternoon
b. In + tháng / năm / mùa
VD: In 1978 / June / summer
In + the morning / afternoon / evening
c. On + ngày trong tuần / ngày tháng năm.
VD : on Monday / January 4 th , 2007
d. From … to : từ … đến …
from + điểm thời gian + to + điểm thời gian

Proud of: tự hào
Ashamed of: hổ thẹn
Full of: đầy những
Short of: cạn kiệt
Jealous of: ghen tỵ với
Envious of: ghen tỵ với
Capable / incapable of: có
khả năng/ không có khả
năng
Aware / conscious of: ý thức
về
Confident of: tin tưởng
3. Adjective + at:
- Good / bad/ excellent/ clever at (= giỏi /
tốt / xuất sắc/ khéoléo về…)
- surprised/ astonished/ amazed/ shocked at
(or by): kinh ngạc
- skilful at: có kỹ năng về
- clumsy at: vụng về
- annoyed at : khó chựu về
5. Adjective + with:
Fed up with/ bored with: chán
Satisfied with: hài lòng
Delighted with: phấn khởi
Disappointed with; thất vọng
Crowded/ overcrowded with:
đông đúc
Covered with: bao phủ
Angry with: giận dữ
Contrasted with: tương phản

- qualified for: có phẩm chất
- Necessary for: cần thiết
- grateful for st: biết ơn về
7. Adjective + from:
- Absent from: vắng mặt
- different from: khác
- far from: xa
- safe from: an toàn
- Divorced from: ly dị,
làm xa rời
8. Adjective+ to:
Nice/kind/polite/ generous/ friendly/
unfriendly to
Harmful to: có hại
Similar to: tương tự
Be married/ engaged to sb (= thành hôn/
đính hôn)
Note: Nice/kind/polite/ generous of sb
to do st
9. Adjective + on:
Keen on: + n/ V-ing:
say mê
Dependent on + n/
V-ing: lệ thuộc
10. Một số trường hợp cần lưu
ý:
- be tired of: chán
EX: I’m tired of doing the same
work every day
- be tired from:mệt mỏi

Depend on: lệ thuộc vào / Rely on: tin cậy / Live on:
sống nhờ vào / keep on: tiếp tục
4. verbs + at:
- look at: /- glance at: liếc nhìn vào /- smile at: cuời /
-laugh at;cuời /- Shout at: lalối
- Point at: chĩa /-aim: nhằm
5. Verbs + of:
Consist of : bao gồm
- die of/ from: chết vì
- approve of: tán thành
- admire sb of st: khâm phục ai
- Complain to sb of / about st: phàn nàn
- think of/ about: nghĩ
accuse sb of st: tố cáo
- complain to sb about st: phàn nàn
- talk to: nói
6. Others:
- Look after + take care of: chăm sóc
- be/ get used to: quen
- suffer from; chịu đựng
- look up / for/ at/ forward to/ :
- put on/ off/: mặc/ hoãn lại
- blame sb for st: đỗ lỗi
- belong to: thuộc về
- congratulate sb on st: chúc mừng
- arrive at (station,bus, stop…) địa điểm nhỏ
- arrive in (London, Paris, Viet Nam ) địa điểm lớn
- turn into/ change into: hoá ra
- bring up: nuôi lớn
- agree with: đồng ý

Ví dụ: Paul sits on the left side of the room and Dave sits on the right.
∙ On television/ (the) radio: trên truyền hình/ trên đài phát thanh.
Ví dụ: The president’s “State of the Union Address” will be on television and on the radio tonight.
∙ On the telephone (on the phone): nói trên điện thoại, gọi điện thoại, nhà có mắc điện thoại.
Ví dụ: Is your house on the telephone ?- nhà cậu có mắc
Janet will be here soon; she is on the telephone.
∙ On the whole = in general : nói chung.
Ví dụ: On the whole, the rescue mission was well executed.
∙ On the other hand: tuy nhiên.
∙ on the one hand on the other hand : một mặt mặt khác.
Ví dụ: The present perfect aspect is never used to indicate a specific time; on the other hand, the simple past tense is.
∙ On sale 1- for sale : có bán, để bán.
2- bán hạ giá.
Ví dụ: The house will go on sale this weekend.
The regular price of the radio is $39.95, but today it’s on sale for $25.
∙ On foot: đi bộ.
Ví dụ: My car would not start so I came on foot.
* on fire: đang cháy
* On a diet: ăn kiêng
2. AT
at -ở tại (thường là bên ngoài, không xác định bằng in)
Ví dụ: Jane is at the bank.
∙ At + số nhà.
Ví dụ: George lives at 565 16 th Avenue.
∙ At + thời gian cụthể.
Ví dụ: The class begin at 5:15.
∙ At + home/ school/ work :ở nhà/ ở trường/ đang làm việc.
Ví dụ: Charles is at work and his roommate is at school. At night, they are usually at home.
∙ At + noon/ night: vào ban trưa/ vào ban đêm.
at noon (Mỹ) : đúng 12h trưa.

∙ be out of town : đi vắng.
Mr. Adams cannot see you this week because he is out of town.
∙ be out of date (cũ, lỗi thời) >< be up to date (mới, cập nhật, hợp thời)
Don’t use that dictionary. It is out of date. Find one that is up to date.
∙ be out of work : thất nghiệp.
I have been very unhappy since I have been out of work.
∙ be out of the question : không thể được.
Your request for an extension of credit is out of the question.
∙ be out of order: hỏng.
We had to use our neighbour’s telephone because ours was out of order.
5. BY
∙ Động từ chỉ chuyển động + by = đi ngang qua.
∙ Động từ tĩnh + by = ở gần, ở bên.
∙ by + thời gian cụ thể : trước lúc.
Ví dụ: We usually eat supper by six o’clock in the evening.
∙ Byđược dùng trong câu bị động để chỉ ra chủ thể gây hành động.
Ví dụ: Romeo and Juliet was writen by William Shakespeare.
∙ By + phương tiện giao thông (bus/ plane/ train/ car/ ship/ bike).
Ví dụ: We traveled to Boston by train.
∙ By then : trước lúc đó.
Ví dụ: I will graduate from the university in 1997. By then, I hope to have found a job.
∙ By way of = via : theo đường.
Ví dụ: We are driving to Atlanta by way of Baton Rouge.
∙ By the way : 1- tình cờ.
Ví dụ: By the way, I’ve got two tickets for Saturday’s game. Would you like to go with me?
-nhân đây, tiện đây.
∙ By far + tính từ so sánh : (dùng để nhấn mạnh).
Ví dụ: This book is by far the best on the subject.
∙ By accident / by mistake : tình cờ. >< on purpose (cố tình).
Ví dụ: Nobody will receive a check on Friday because the wrong cards were put into the computer by accident.

Ví dụ: We are going to sit in the fifteen row of the auditorium.
∙ In the event that : trong trường hợp.
Ví dụ: In the event that you win the prize, you will be notified by mail.
∙ In case : để phòng khi,để ngộ nhỡ.
Ví dụ: I will give you the key to the house so you will have it in case I arrive a little late.
∙ Be/ get in touch/ contact with : tiếp xúc, liên lạc, gặp gỡ với ai.
Ví dụ: It’s very difficult to get in touch with Jenny because she works all day.
∙ In fact: = actually: thực ra
∙ In general: nói chung
∙ In meantime: đồng thời
USEFUL PREPOSITIONS 9
Unit 1
take somebody to some place : đưa ai tới nơi nào
at the end of
the week : cuối tuần
to depend on : tùy thuộc vào
to be rich in : giàu có, phong phú về
to befamous for : nổi tiếng về
to be keep in touch (with sb) : giữ liên lạc (với ai)
Unit 2
different from
: khác với > < the same as
(giống)
to be named after
: được đặt tên theo
to be proud of
: tự hào về
in
many ways : về nhiều phương diện
over

* order sb to do sth : ra lệnh cho ai làm gì
respond to sb / sth : đáp lại
communicate with sb : giao tiếp
limit sb / sth to : giới hạn vào / ở
be accessible to : tiếp cận được
Unit 6
disappointedat
/about
sth : thất vọng về việc gì
disappointedin
sth : thất vọng trong việc gì
persuade sbof
sth : thuyết phục ai làm việc gì
provide sbwith
sth : cung cấp cho ai thứ gì
reduce sth to
sth : thu giảm điều gìđến mức nào
prevent sbfrom
doing sth : ngăn cản ai làm điều gì
Unit 7
apply to
somewhere for sth : nộp đơn vào đâu để xin việc gì
apply sth to sth : áp dụng điều gì cho cái gì
do sth on one’s profit : làm việc gì vì lợi ích của ai
profitable to sb : có lợi cho ai
replace sth / sb with
sth / sb : thay cái gì / ai bằng cái gì /ai
Unit 8
throughout
the year : suốt năm

14. There is a meeting 9 a.m. and 2 p.m. (in, till, between, at)
15. We have lived in Hanoi 4 years. (in, since, for, at)
16. She was born 16 th January. (in, of, at, on)
17. I’ve studied French last week. (for, since, in)
18. arrived at the bus stop at 4 the afternoon. (in, at, on, to)
19. What did she do the weekend? (on, in, to, for)
II. Put a circle round the letter of the correct word
a. The play begins…………………………… half past seven
A.on B. in C. at D. to
b. The meeting of the History Society takes place…………………two o’clock on Friday
A. between B. from C. after D. since
c. This shop is open…………………………….nine o’clock on Friday evenings
A. until B. though C. since D. during
d. There is an English examination………………………… Friday,11 th December.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
e. The school library is open at any time between four o’clock……………………half past five
A. from B. and C. to D. until
f. “Back to the Future” is at the Odeon …………………….two weeks in October.
A. since B. through C. as D. for
1-Use prepositions to complete the sentences
a. They turn _____ the water to repair a pipe.
b. It’s cold in here. Turn ______the heating, please.
c. Who’s going to look ______ the children while you’re away.
d. He is looking______ his pen all morning.
2-bài tập :
1. Complete the sentences. Use the verbs given: turn off, go on, look for, look after, turn down
a. After graduating from college, he want to ________ a job.
b. “ Please ________ the radio, it’s too loud”
c. Remember to ________ all lights before you leave your room.
d. Don’t be depressed by your result ________ studying or you’ll get even worse ones.

I. Fill in each gap with a suitable preposition.
1. Maryam was really impressed the beauty of Hue.
2. It seems difficult me to meet her now.
3. He doesn't depend his parents.
4. If you have any trouble, ask help.
5. This guidebook is full useful information.
6. We still keep in touch each other although we live away each other.
7. He will go to China the end this week.
8. She went out saying a word.
9. What do you often do the weekends?
10. She was born September 15 th .
11. Don’t laugh ……… her or she’ll get angry.
12. It’s very difficult to find work _____________________the moment.
13. In many ways you take _____________________your mother.
14. Parents are naturally anxious ____________________their children.
15. I’m sure you will succeed ____________________this entrance test.
16. We try to prevent people _____________________littering.
17. I’m going to complain to the principal____________________this
18. This computer is still _____________________guarantee.
19. Money isnot essential _____________________happiness.
20. She is ______________________far the best teacher I have ever had.
21 Where's your father?
-He's work
22. We're talking to Lan's family
23. A farmer works hard morning night
24. My mother is a teacher . She works a primary school
25. Mr Tuan is a journalist. He writes " Nhan Dan".
26. I found a place us to live in Hue
27. It is the highest building the citycenter .
28. Bob and I come the same town but my accent is different his

59. The canoe overturned and everyone fell the deep water.
60. How going to Ben Thanh Market this afternoon?
61. I couldn’t meet Mrs. Chi because she's
62. I'll come to pick her at 8 o'clock
63. They named their daughter their favorite singers.
64. The passage is written English
65. Whom does she fall ……. love………?
66. Why are you always jealous ……….the disabled?
67. He is just getting ………….his severe illness
68. He complained ……… the children …………the mess they've made.
69. My parents first went ………Greek…………a short holiday ………2003
70. Measuring money must be very difficult to carry ……
71. In this respect, French differs…… English
72. I'll come……to pick her up at 8 o'clock.
73. The passage is written ……English .
74. Mr Duc Thanh is thinking of exporting rice …… India.
75. As I was coming out of the room, I collided……somebody who was coming in.
76. The people next door are furious …… us……making so much noise last night.
77. When I realized I was wrong. I apologized ……them……my mistake.
78. She works quite hard. You can’t accuse her ……being lazy.
79. It’s stupid …… her to go out without a coat in such cold weather.
80. I was absent ……… class yesterday.
II.Choose the best answer A, B, C or D:
1. Malaysia is divided two regions.
A. to B. on C. in D. into
2. It's very kind you to say so!
A. in B. to C. for D. of
3. Can you tell me how many chapters this book consists ?
A. of B. to C. with D. in
4. Jeans have never been … fashion because a lot of people are still fond of wearing them.

19.He was a tennis player when he was young. He … tennis when he was young.
A. plays B. used to play C. has played D. likes to play
20. My sister is studying hard … her exam.
A. in B. for C. at D. to
21. I have studied English … more than three years.
A. for B. in C. since D. at
22. I am very proud my school.
A.from B.at C.of D.off
23. .He laughs a lot because her funny face.
A.of B.off C.in D.on
.24. Lan used to walk the mosque her way to primary school.
A.to B.on C.in D.at
25. It seems very difficult for me to have a trip abroad. It all depends my parents.Any way we’ll keep touch.
A.on-in B.in-in C.on-on D.of-off
27. It’s very cold………… night…………….the moon.
A. to/in B. in/to C. on/at D. at/on
28. Thuy's grandmother turned the television _________ to see the weather forecast.
A. off B. on C. up D. down
29. What are the main differences the tow cities?
A. in B. at C. between
D. with
30. Remember …………. the door before you leave.
A. to lock B. lock C. locked D. locking
31. She has come here ………… yesterday.
A. in B. since C. for D. on
32. Lan didn’t come to the party because she had to look…… her younger brother.
a. at b. for c. forward d. after
33. Mrs . Hoa will stay in London Monday Friday .
A . between –to B . from –to C. on –until D. on -to
34. It doesn’t rain the dry season.

49. He is very worried …………his new job because he is not quite prepared …………….working
A. on/ over B. to / off C. about / for D. in / at
50. The students are very………….of doing a lot of homework.
A. bored B. tired C. interested D. good
51. Are you …… about your examination?
A. interested B. fed up C. tired D. worried
52. We are very ……with the result of the football match.
A. excited B. pleased C. worried D. afraid
53. Some people are very ………… of traveling by air.
A. worried B. excited C. afraid D. interested
54. While I am waiting…… my bus, I often listen ……….music.
A. on / at B. for / to C. toward/ about D. upon/ in
55. The final examination will be held ……… June 12 th , 2009.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
56. How many languages are there ……………the world?
A. in B. on C. over D. through
57. Egypt is famous ………ancient pyramids.
A. on B. to C. from D. for
58. The boys looks very proud …………his success at school.
A. on B. of C. at D. in
59. When the trucks leave the place, the ground is covered ………….trash.
A. in B. by C. with D. of
60. Thuy’s grandma turned the TV … to see the weather forecast.
A. off B. up C. on D. down
61. The hurrican took several days to blow itself …………
A. in B. out C. down D. off
62. It was the biggest eruption of Vesuvius ………some years.
A. for B. since C. in D. from
63. On Passover, Jewish people celebrate freedom ………… slavery.
A. on B. to C. for D. from

79. My little sister is very good ………… drawing.
A. in B. at C. of D. on
80. The children have all worn ………their shoes.
A. in B. on C. with D. out
81. Many accidents are brought………….by carelessness.
A. about B. up C. along D. into
82. Let’s Concentrate………….solving this problem.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
83. The United States became independent ………… England in 1776.
A. on B. with C. of D. to
84. John F. Kennedy ewas the first Presedent of the United States to be born ……… the twentieth century.
A. on B. at C. in D. since
85. Never put…………till tomorrow what you can do today.
A. off B. over C. out D. away
86. Thanks …………the financial aid he received, he was able to attend the university.
A. for B. to C. about D. of
87. I’m afraid I have to leave ………….a few days’time.
A.in B. on C. at D. after
88. He usually drops …………to see me at least once a week.
A. to B. on C. out D. in
89. Smoking has destructive effect ……… your health.
A. for B. in C. on D. to
90. Were you surprised ………….the grade you received?
A. on B. at C. in D. with
91. My car broke …………at the crossroads and I couldn’t start it again.
A. in B. out C. down D. up
92. I’m sorry; I wasn’t paying close attention ……… what you said.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
93. Ifyou’re not satisfied ……… your essay, I suggest that you rewrite it.
A. with B. of C. to D. at

Câu 2: According to the article by Michael Specter, you should _________ to take full advantage
of the Internet.
A. learn to type fast
B. learn to use the Internet services
C. learn English
D. learn the names of some websites
Câu 3: Learning to use a language fluently and confidently may take ________.
A. a few days
B. a few hours
C. a few weeks
D. a few years
Câu 4: If you do not know English very well, you will______ when using the Internet.
A. be laughed at
B. have many difficulties
C. feel more comfortable
D. spend a few days
Câu 5: Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. “English and the Internet”
B. “Ways to take full advantage of the Internet”
C. “Practising your English on the Internet”
D. “How to use Internet services”
ĐÁP ÁN:1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A
2. Today we take electricity for granted and perhaps we do not realize just how useful this discovery has been. Steam
was the first invention that replaced wind power. It was used to drive engines and was passed through pipes and radiators
to warm rooms. Petrol mixed with air was the next invention that provided power. Exploded in a cylinder, it drove a
motor engine. Beyond these simple and direct uses, those forms have not much adaptability.
On the other hand, we make use of electricity in thousands of ways. From the powerful voltages that drive our electric
trains to the tiny current needed to work a simple calculator, and from the huge electric magnet in steel works that can
lift 10 tons to the tiny electric magnet in a doorbell, all are powered by electricity. An electric current can be made with
equal ease to heat a huge mass of molten metal in a furnace, or to boil a jug for a cup of coffee.

Question 4: What do we call machines that make electricity?
A. Voltages. B. Electric magnets.
C. Generators or turbines. D. Pipes and radiators.
Question 5: The main forms of power used to generate electricity in Australia are ______.
A. atomic power and water
B. water and coal
C. sunlight and wind power
D. wind and gas
Question 6: The word "they" in the last paragraph refers to ______.
A. harmful effects
B. the tides
C. scientists
D. new ways
Question 7: Electric magnets are used in steel works to ______.
A. lift heavy weights up to ten tons
B. test the steel for strength
C. heat the molten steel
D. boil a jug of water
Question 8: The advantage of harnessing the power of the tides and of sunlight to generate electricity is that they
______.
A. do not pollute the environment B. are more reliable
C. are more adaptable D. do not require attention
Question 9: Which of the following power sources causes pollution by emitting harmful gases?
A. Sunlight.
B. Petrol.
C. Water.
D. Wind.
Question 10: The best title for this passage could be ______.
A. “Types of Power Plants”
B. “Electricity: Harmful Effects on Our Life”

B. almost 100
C. almost 1/3
D. almost 90
03. What are the gases that Venus’s atmosphere mostly consists of?
A. Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen.
B. Carbon dioxide and oxygen.
C. Nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen.
D. Carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
04. What can possibly be the reason that there is so much carbon dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere?
A. There is no oxygen.
B. The temperatures are too high.
C. There is no water and life on Venus.
D. There is no oxygen and water on Venus.
05. What may be the explanation of low air pressure on earth?
A. Oxygen readily available
B. Water evaporating
C. Carbon dioxide dissolved in water
D. Precipitation
06. According to the passage, what causes Venus’ surface pressure?
A. Dissolving rocks
B. Frequent heavy rain
C. Its distance from the Sun
D. The composition of its atmosphere
07. What is the writer’s purpose with the sentence “If this carbon dioxide were released from the Earth’s
rocks, ”?
A. To present a situation that is contrary to fact.
B. To convince readers that a certain process in harmless.
C. To describe an event that took place long ago.
D. To explain what is likely to happen in the future.
08. What may cause the disappearance of the water on Venus?

adaptability to changing environments. It is time for us humans, who may not survive another 1, 000 years at the rate we
are damaging the planet, to cast away our fears and begin considering the protection of sharks as an important part of a
program for protection of all our natural environments.
51. About how long have sharks lived on the planet?
A. 25 million years
B. 150 million years
C. 350 million years
D. 500 million years
52. With which of the following topics is this passage primarily concerned?
A. Sharks are efficient creatures with bad reputations.
B. Sharks are some of the oldest creatures on earth.
C. Sharks illustrate a problem in wildlife protection.
D. The campaign to save dolphins was not extended to save sharks.
53. Which of the following is most similar to the meaning of the word ‘warped’ in Para.1?
A. distorted
B. wasteful
C. extravagant
D. wanton
54. In Para. 2, the word ‘protested’ is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. prescribed
B. objected to
C. protected
D. reflected on
55. In Para. 2, the word ‘generated' could be best replaced by __________.
A. consumed
B. absorbed
C. designated
D. produced
56. How did environmentalists manage to protect dolphins?
A. They prevented fisherman from selling them for meat.

of land (36) ___ four miles of water.
There’s so much water in the surface of our earth that we (37) ___ to use two words to describe. We use the word
SEAS (38) ___ those parts of water surface which (39) ___ only few hundreds of mile, the word OCEANS to describe
the huge area of water (40) ___ are thousands of miles wide and very deep.
1. A. cover B. surface C. outer D. outside
2. A. four-fives B. four-fifth C. four fifths D. fourth-fifths
3. A. it is B. it’s C. its D. them are
4. A. many B. much C. few D. too
5. A. to move B. move C. moved D. moving
6. A. there are B. there is C. there has D. have
7. A. must B. should C. have D. would
8. A. describing B. describes C. describe D. to describe
9. A. is B. are C. has D. will be
10. A. that’s B. which C. where D. whose
7.ISAAC NEWTON
Isaac Newton, one of the __(1)__ scientists, was born __(2)__ December 25
th
, 1642 in a small village __(3)__ Wool
Thorpe in England. His father was a poor __(4)__. When the boy was fourteen, his father died. Newton __(5)__ school
and helped his mother on the farm. __(6)__ he was fun __(7)__ physics and mathematics, Newton was sent to school.
__(8)__ he left high school, Newton studied at Cambridge University. In 1667 he became __(9)__ professor on
mathematics at the university. His greatest discovery is the __(10)__ of gravitation. He died in 1727.
1. A. great B. greatest C. most great D. greater
2. A. in B. on C. at D. a and b
3. A. in B. at C. on D. of
4. A. farmer B. apprentice C. bookbinder D. blacksmith
5. A. went B. sent C. left D. run
6. A. So B. So that C. Because D. Because of
7. A. in B. of C. at D. about
8. A. For B. While C. Before D. After

9.DROUGHT IN THE UNITED STATES
The Southwestern States of the United States suffered one of the worst droughts in their history from 1931 to
1938. The drought (41) ______ the entire country. Few food crops could be grown. Food became (42)______, and prices
went up (43) ______ the nation. Hundreds of families in the Dust Bowl region had to be moved to farms in other areas
with the help of the federal government. In 1944, drought brought great damage to (44)______ all Latin America. The
drought moved to Australia and then to Europe, (45)______ it continued throughout the summer of 1945. From 1950 to
1954 in the
United States, the South and Southwest suffered a (46)______ drought. Hundreds of cattle ranchers had to ship
their cattle to other regions because (47)______ lands had no grass. The federal government again (48)______ an
emergency drought-relief program. It offered farmers (49)______ credit and seed grains (50)______ low prices.
1. A. pushed B. incurred C. occurred D. affected
2. A. scarce B. mystified C. hidden D. uncommon
3. A. over B. throughout C. all D. across
4. A. near B. totally C. almost D. factually
5. A. which B. that C. where D. when
6. A. heavy B. sharp C. strict D. severe
7. A. pasture B. culture C. moisture D. manure
8. A. carried B. conducted C. convened D. conformed
9. A. emergency B. crisis C. tension D. disaster
10. A. to B. in C. over D. at
10.DRUGS
Drugs are one of the (56) ________ profession’s most valuable tools. Doctors prescribe drugs to (57) ________
or prevent many diseases. Every year, penicillin and other (58) ________ drugs save the lives of countless victims of
pneumonia and other dangerous infectious diseases. Vaccines prevent attacks by such diseases as (59) ________, polio,
and smallpox. The use of these and many other drugs (60) ________ helped millions of people live longer, healthier
lives than would (61) ________ have been possible.
Almost all our most important drugs, however, were unknown before the 1900’s. For example, the sulfa drugs and
antibiotics did not come into use (62) ________ the late 1930’s and early 1940’s. Before that time, about 25 percent of
all pneumonia victims in the United States died of the disease. The new drugs quickly reduced the (63) ________ rate
from pneumonia to less than 5 percent. Polio vaccine was introduced in 1955. At that time, polio struck about 30,000 to

45. A. refer B. rotate C. resort D. revolve
46. A. progresses B. transmits C. remits D. emits
47. A. signifies B. signs C. registers D. presents
48. A. predicates B. indicates C. abdicates D. implicates
49. A. traced B. trailed C. found D. explored
50. A. While B. As C. Because D. Until
12.ANGER ON THE ROADS
The anger that descends on people when they get behind the steering wheel of a car used to be (41)________ as a
joke. But the laughter is getting noticeably quieter (42)________ that the problem has become increasingly widespread.
Stuck in a traffic jam, with family cars inching their (43)________ past, the driver of a fast sports car begin to
lose his temper. (44)________ the capabilities of his car, there is nothing he can do. The outcome is anger.
Many people live in (45)________ of losing control. This is true of many situations but driving is a good
example. People think that the car might not start, it might break (46)________ or, someone might run into it. Before
anything even happens, people have worked themselves up into a (47)________of anxiety. And when something does
happen, they are (48)________ to explode. In fact, it’s their anxiety about losing control that makes them lose control.
This isn’t to say that all offenders have psychological problems or drive powerful sports cars. In fact, most of
them are (49)________ ordinary human beings who have no history of violence. There is (50)________ something deep
in our nature that awakens when we start up a car engine.
41. A. found B. thought C. treated D. intended
42. A. once B. even C. since D. now
43. A. path B. way C. course D. route
44. A. However B. Besides C. Although D. Despite
45. A. worry B. fright C. fear D. concern
46. A. up B. down C. out D. off
47. A. state B. condition C. feeling D. case
48. A. good B. prepared C. near D. ready
49. A. purely B. fully C. exactly D. perfectly
50. A. openly B. directly C. clearly D. frankly
Reading and gap fill