6LQKYLzQWKẳFKLQ
%áL/.LQ
/Sw79w+
*9K}QJGQ
7K6/4XF9ãQJ
/Ă,&z0vQ
&FQKNKRDKăFFFNV}YFFNWKXWYLzQOX{QTXDQWyP~QYLF
SKWWULQYQyQJFDRNKQxQJWÂQKWRQY[ạOWUzQP\WÂQKQKQJYQ~FKX\zQ
P{QUW~DGQJFDKă1K}QJ~YLW~}FPWFK}|QJWUQKEQJQJ{QQJOSWUQK
FSFDRQKPJLLTX\WQKQJYQ~QK}Y\WK}đQJWơQQKLXF{QJVằFYWKđLJLDQ
QKWOEzQFQKQKQJNLQWKằFVyXVFFDFKX\zQQJKQKNKRDKăFNWKXWQJ}đL
OSWUQKFÔQSKLKLXELWW}đQJWQYKWKơQJP\WÂQKYE P{QWRQKăFY
QKQJNQxQJFDOSWUQKw{LNKL~LX~ĐOQDQJLL~ơLYLFFQKFKX\zQP{QN
WKXW
wWR~LXNLQằQJGãQJQKDQKFKĐQJYKLXTXFKRFFQKFKX\zQP{Q
QJRLQJKQKWLQKăFFFFKX\zQJLDSKWWULQSKQPP~WKLWOSQKQJF{QJFã
WUJLảSQKQJPãF~ÂFKVạGãQJ~DGQJWUzQQKLXOĂQKYẳFFKX\zQP{QNKFQKDX
0$7/$%FàQJFKÂQKOSKQPPQK}Y\
7URQJTXWUQKWKẳFKLQOXQYxQ~}FVẳJLFDWK\K}QJGQHP~FKăQ
~WLj
7KĐFKLQWQKWRtQYqPmSKQJPWVTXtWUQK[ÔOô
WQKLXVEvQJ
0DWODE
'RNLQWKằFFÔQKQFKYWKđLJLDQ~KRQWKQKOXQYxQFĐJLLKQQzQ
FKFUQJOXQYxQQ\FÔQQKLXWKLXVĐWHPUWPRQJ~}FVẳJĐSWKQJWKQFD
WK\F{YEQE
0DWODEFĐWKOP~}FQKQJJKRW~QJUDVDRDLFĐWKVạGãQJPDWODE6DX~y\
HPVWUQKE\WURQJOXQYxQFDPQK
%LXGLQWÂQKLXUđLUF
,,
&FKWKơQJ[ạOWÂQKLX
+WKơQJWX\QWÂQK
+WKơQJWX\QWÂQKEWELQ
,,,
wLXFKVơ
wLXFK$6.
wLXFK36.
.WKXW3$0
&FEOăFFĐ~SằQJ[XQJFKLXGLKXKQ
&FEOăFFĐ~SằQJ[XQJFKLXGLY{KQ
%
,
7êQJTXDQ
,,
&{QJVXWSKêFDWÂQKLX3$0Vơ
,,,
wFWÂQKFDNzQKJLLKQYNzQKPR
,9
+WKơQJWK{QJWLQWKLWNFKRNzQKJLLKQExQJ
7KLWNWÂQKLXNK{QJFĐ,6,
7KLWNWÂQKLX~LXNKLQ,6,
9
&yQEQJWX\QWÂQK
9,
wLXELzQVĐQJPDQJ
9,,
wLXSKDVĐQJPDQJ
3K{Q,
3KqQOR{LWQKLX
7DFKLDWÂQKLXUDOPKDLQKĐPOQ7ÂQKLXOLzQWãFYWÂQKLXUđLUF
D
7QKLXOLlQWÂF
1XELQ~FOSFDVẳELXGLQWRQKăFFDWÂQKLXOOLzQWãFWKWÂQKLX
~Đ~}FJăLOWÂQKLXOLzQWãF
1XGẳDYRKPVơWDFĐWKSKyQORLWÂQKLXOLzQWãFUDOPKDLORL
7ÂQKLXW}|QJWẳ
7ÂQKLXO}QJWạKR
7QKLXWutQJW
1XKPFDWÂQKLXOLzQWãFOOLzQWãFWKWÂQKLX~Đ~}FJăLO
WÂQKLXW}|QJWẳ
7QKLXOuÊQJWêKRz
1XKPFDWÂQKLXOLzQWãFOUđLUFWKWÂQKLX~Đ~}F
JăLOWÂQKLXO}QJWạKR
1K}Y\WÂQKLXVơOPWESKQQPWURQJWÂQKLXUđLUFYYY\WRQ
EOWKX\WYNWKXW[ạOWÂQKLXUđLUFFàQJEDRKPY~ảQJFKRFWÂQKLXVơ
%LXGLQWQKLXULU{F
D
%LXGLQWRtQKF
0WWÂQKLXUđLUF~}FELXGLQELPWG\FFJLWUÊWKẳFKRFSKằF
1XQĐ~}FKQKWKQKELFFJLWUÊWKẳFWKQĐ~}FJăLOWÂQKLXWKẳF
E
%LXGLQpWK
wWLQPLQKKRPWFFKWUẳFTXDQWURQJQKLXWU}đQJKSWDGQJELX
GLQ~âWKÊ
9Gă
F
%LXGLQEvQJGs\V
&FKELXGLQQ\OLWNzFFJLWUÊFD[QWKQKPWG\VơQK}VDX
[Q ^[Q[Q[Q`
9WÂQKLXUđLUFWKẳFFKWOFFG\VơQK}FFKELXGLQQ\QzQWD
WK}đQJJăLWÂQKLXUđLUFOG\[Q
,,
&zFKWKQJ[êOWQKLX
0WK[ạOWÂQKLXV[FOSPơLTXDQKQKyQTXJLDWÂQKLXYRY
+WKơQJWX\QWÂQKEWELQ
'RWÂQKNKWKLFDKWKơQJWX\QWÂQKEWELQFYOWKX\WOQWKẳFKQK
QzQWDFKQJKLzQFằXFFKWKơQJWX\QWÂQKEWELQFÔQFFKWKơQJSKLWX\QYK
WKơQJWX\QWÂQKWKD\~êLWKHRWKđLJLDQVNK{QJ~FSWLGRWÂQKSKằFWSFDFKảQJ
+WKQJWX\QWQK
0WKWKơQJ~}FJăLOKWKơQJWX\QWÂQKQXQĐWKRPQQJX\zQO[S
FKâQJJLVạJ
WYJ WO~SằQJFDKW}|QJằQJYLWF~QJ~XYROI WY
I
WWKKOWX\QWÂQKNKLYFKNKLQĐWKRPQ
7ÂQKWOKWKơQJWX\QWÂQK/YL~XYRIW~XUDJWWK
7
[Q
7F~QJ
~SằQJ
\Q
%LXGLQ[Q
QYL
Q
YLQFÔQOL
=
W ONKRQJWKđLJLDQWU
,,,
oLXFKV
oWYQv
.WKXW~LXFKVơ~}FVạGãQJ~~LXFKVĐQJPDQJFĐWKOPELQGQJ
ELzQ~WQVơKRFSKDFDVĐQJWKQKWáQJPằFJLQ~RQPFGFĐQKLXV|~â
~LXFKQK}QJYLFSKyQWÂFKFFSK}|QJWKằFQ\WXẵWKXFYRGQJ~LXFKYWFK
VĐQJ&ĐKDLORLFK\XO
/RLNWKS&RKHUHQW7FKVĐQJ~âQJEWK}đQJ~}FGQJWURQJ~LXFK
GÊFKSKD36.YLJLWKLWEJLL~LXFKJĐFSKDFDVĐQJPDQJFĐTXDQKFơ
~ÊQKYLJĐFSKDVĐQJPDQJSKÂDSKW
/RL NK{QJ NW KS 1RQFRKHUHQW7FKVĐQJ ~}đQJ EDRVạGãQJ~ WFK
VĐQJ~LXFKGÊFKELzQ~$6.KRF~LXFKGÊFKWQ)6.
7URQJPWP\SKWVơE~LXFKVS[SFKXôLVơQKÊSKyQWKQKPWE
W}|QJằQJJâPPELzQ~VĐQJPDQJPSKDVĐQJPDQJKRFPGLWQJLQ~RQWáWQ
VơVĐQJPDQJKRFKQK6LQ'R~ĐFĐWK~}DUDGQJNLX~LXFKNKFQKDX~ĐO
$6.36.)6.
oLXFKNKRzGFKELrQv$6.
6L$ 'L$$&RV
W
'L70ằFWKằLFDGQJVĐQJQKLXFĐ~UQJ7
*LVạVơPằFOWÂQKLXQKÊSKyQWKWQVơVĐQJPDQJW}|QJTXDQ~Q~
UQJ7FDGQJVĐQJYX{QJQKÊSKyQQK}VDX
(
)
(
16
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
0
2
0
ffT
ffTSin
ffT
ffTSin
ffff
A
PSD
ASK
'QJSKª
oLXFKNKRzGFKSKD36.
36.KDLWUQJWKL%36.
6W $
FRV
ω
W
ϕ
6W $
FRV
ϕ
FRV
ω
Wl$ VLQ
ϕ
FRV
π
ω
W
W%VLQ
ω
W
7KQKSKQ~©QJSKDl7KQKSKQFXSK}|QJ
6W G,FRV
ω
WG4VLQ
ω
W
6tvNKLEvLXFK
I
.zQKGQ
1KQ[W
7X\QKLzQWURQJ436.YQFÔQWâQWLVẳFKX\QWLSSKD
WKẳFWFĐWK
KQ FKEQJ SKDFX SK}|QJ OFKB2436. KRF ~LX FK FẳF WLX 06. 7KẳF W
2436.~ĐOYLFO\VPFKXNẵWÂQKLXFXSK}|QJG4
9D
ID
IV
≥
ID
Y±LIDWQV¬F¼F~LF´DW¢QKLX~XYR
IVWQV¬O\PX
3K3$0
7DELWUQJWQV¬O\PXOWQV¬V§QJPDQJPV§QJPDQJ~y\O[XQJF§WQ
V¬IVYO[XQJYX{QJY±LFKXN½F§WU¬QJYELzQ~F´DQ§L~}²F~LXFKE±L
W¢QKLX~XYRDQDORJ9\SKªF´DW¢QKLX3$0W©QWLFDRK|QWQV¬FDRQKWF´D
W¢QKLXYIV
≥
ID1§J©PFFWKQKSKQF|EQYWKQKSKQEFFDR
%O¨FWK{QJWKS¯ESKQWKXFKFKRTXDWKQKSKQWKSW¸lIVWROLW¢Q
KLXDQDORJ
1XIVIDSKªF´DV§QJVWU³POzQPWSKQSKªW¢QKLXYROPPRW¢QKLXNKL
WKX~}²F
9
W I
7¢QKLXYRYSKªF´DQ§
9U
IVIV
±
IDW
9U
KQ
;Q <Q
9LKQO~SằQJ[XQJFDKWKơQJ
1XKPWUX\Q~W+=~}F~QKJLWUzQYÔQJWUÔQ~|QYÊ~ơLYL=
WKFKảQJWDFĐ~SằQJWQVơ+H
()
()
()
jw
jw
jw
eX
eY
eH
=
4XDQKWUzQFKRWK\UQJYLFSKyQEơWQVơFDELzQ~YSKDFDWÂQ
1
0
N
n
n
ZnhZH
WằFO
()
[][ ]
NNnhL
==
1
,
0
WDWK\UQJ+=FKFĐFF~LPFẳFWLJơFWRFDPWSKQJ=9\FF~LPFẳF
Q\OX{QQPWURQJYÔQJWURQJYÔQJWUÔQ~|QYÊFKRQzQKWKơQJOX{QêQ~ÊQK
'RFKLXGLFDKQOKXKQQzQQXKQONK{QJQKyQTX
KQ
YLQ
WKWDFĐWK~}DQĐYQKyQTXEQJFFKFKX\QYJơFWR~WURQJPLQQJLWUÊ
~XWLzQNKFFDKQPYQ~PER+H
NK{QJ~êL+QK
ằQJWQVơ+H
FDQĐFĐSKDWX\QWÂQK&àQJY\WÂQKLXTXDGLWK{QJFDEOăF
V[XWKLQFKÂQK[F~XUDYL~WU~FKRELYFKảQJWD~ELWFKÂQK[F~S
ằQJSKDFDQĐ
*LVạKQO~SằQJ[XQJFDEOăF),5[F~ÊQKYLFFPXQ 1
7ằFO
()
[][ ]
N
NnhL
==
1,0
+PWUX\Q~WFDQĐQK}VDX
() () () () ( )
()
11
1
0
1 10
=
+++==
N
N
n
n
H
+
=
1XKQOWKẳFWKWKHRWÂQKFKWELQ~êL)RXULHU~ơLYLWÂQKLXWDFĐ
() ()
jwjw
eHeH
=
()
[]
()
[]
jwjw
eHeH
arg
a
rg
=
KRF
() ( )
=
GR
()
eeAeH
=
KQ
%OFVFvzSơQJ[XQJFKLXGwLYsK{Q
&FWÂQKFKWWêQJTXWFDEOăF
ắ
%OFV,,5
7D[WEOăFVơ,,5WKẳFKLQ~}FYPWYWOWằFOFFEOăFVơêQ~ÊQK
YQKyQTX
7ÂQKQKyQTXFDEOăF~}F~PERQXWKRPQ~LXNLQVDX
KQ YLQ
7ÂQKêQ~ÊQK~}F~PEREL~SằQJ[XQJKQWKRPQ~LXNLQVDX
()
=
<
n
nh
ắ
j
ez
jwjw
eHeH
=
=
()
(){}
(){}
jw
e
jw
m
eHR
eHI
arctgw
=
&
zFSKutQJSKzSWQJKÊSOFV,,5WâEOFWutQJW
7URQJSKQQ\VQJKLzQFằXNYFFSK}|QJSKSFKX\Q~êLKPWUX\Q
~WFDPWKWKơQJW}|QJWẳ+
VVDQJKPWUX\Q~WFDKWKơQJVơ+='R~Đ
3K}|QJSKSELQ~êLVRQJWX\Q
*LVạ\
WOPWWÂQKLXW}|QJWẳY\~RKPEFQKWFD\ WO
()
()
dt
t
dy
ty
a
a
=
'
WDFĐWKYLW\
WG}LGQJWÂFKSKyQFD\h W
=
E
D
D
'LQWÂFKJLDPXQ7 YQ7
7
4XDQKJLºD
()
ZH
Y
()
s
H
a
() () ()
1
1
1
12
0
0
−
−
+
12
−
−
+
−
=
z
z
Ts
s
&FKW¢QKG³QJTXLWFKQKWKDQJ
6|~©
•
+QKPLQKKRFKRELXWK»F
=
E
=
=
=
D
D
E
∆
∆
W
\ W
W Q7
∆
\ W
3K}|QJSKSQ\OEQVDRF´DSK}|QJSKSW»FOELQ~ªLWU¼FWLSFF
~LPF¼FY~LPNK{QJF´DKPWUX\Q~WF´DEO¨FW}|QJW¼+
VWURQJPWSKQJ
VWKQKFF~LPF¼FY~LPNK{QJF´DKPWUX\Q~WF´DEO¨F+=WURQJPW
SKQJ]
()
()
()
∏
∏
=
=
−
−
=
N
k
pk
M
r
or
a
ss
ss
CsH
1
1
6|~©WK¼FKLQ
D
D
E
3K{Q
*LLWKLXFKXQJYPDWODE
,
7PKLXYFmQJW\PDWKZRUN
&{QJW\0$7+:25.6~}FWKQKOSYRQxPOPWF{QJW\KQJ
~XYYLFFXQJFSYSKWWULQSKQPPNĂWKXWFKRP\WÂQK&{QJW\FĐK|Q
QKyQYLzQ~DQJOPYLFFKRKDLYxQSKÔQJFKÂQK0Y$QK4XơF
0ăLFKLWLWYYLFWêFKằFQKyQVẳ~RWRYSKWWULQ[LQOLzQOFWL
:(%6,7(KWWSZZZ0DWKZRUNVFRP
,,
&nV0$7/$%
*LLWKLXFKXQJY0$7/$%
)UHTXHQF\'RPDLQ6\VWHP,GHQWLILFDWLRQ7RROER[JâPFF0ILOHV
FKRYLFP{SKƠQJFFKWKơQJWÂQKWRQWUzQF|VSKS~R~SằQJWQVơ
FDKWKơQJ
)X]]\/RJLF7RROER[FXQJFSPWWSKS~\~FFF{QJFãFKR
YLFWKLWNP{SKƠQJYSKyQWÂFKFFKWKơQJORJLFPđ
+LJK2GHU6SHFWUDO$QDO\VLV7RROER[FXQJFSFFF{QJFãFKRYLF
[ạOWÂQKLXGQJSKêEFFDR&FSK}|QJSKSQ\~FELWKXGãQJFKR
SKyQWÂFKFFWÂQKLXFĐQJXâQJơFWáPWTXWUQKSKLWX\QKD\EÊQKLXSKL
*DXVVLDQ1RQ*DXVVLDQ[yPQKS
,PDJH3URFHVVLQJ7RROER[FKằDFFF{QJFãSKãFYãFKRYLF[ạO
QK1ĐEDRJâPFFF{QJFãFKRYLFWKLWNFFEOăFYO}XWUQK
QyQJFSQKSKyQWÂFKYWKLWN
0RGHO3UHGLFWLYH&RQWURO7RROER[~FELWKXÂFKFKRFFằQJGãQJ
~LXNKLQYLQKLXELQLQSXWYRXWSXWPSKQOQOFFJLLKQQKWO
WURQJNĂWKXWKRFKW
WKơQJ~LXNKLQEQJ5RER
1JRLUDFÔQFĐFF7RROER[NKFQK}
1$*)RXQGDWLRQ7RROER[6LPXOLQN
6LPXOLQN5HDOWLPH:RUNVKRS6SOLQH7RROER[6DWLFV7RROER[
722/%2;6,08/,1.OSKQPUQJFD0$7/$%VạGãQJ~P{
SKƠQJFFKWKơQJ~QJKăFPWFFKQKDQKFKĐQJYWLQOL
0WNKQxQJFàQJFQSKLQKF~QFD0$7/$%OELXGLQGDWDEQJ
~âWKÊKDLFKLXOQEDFKLXEQJFFOQKKPNK~|QJLQ
+QK.KLpQJ0$7/$%WURQJPmLWUoQJ:,1'2:6
+QK*LDRGLQELXWoQJFD0$7/$%9HUVLRQ
9LF NK¯L ~QJ 0$7/$% WURQJ P{L WU}®QJ :,1'2:6 ~}²F WK¼F KLQ
EQJFFKQKSFKXWYRLFRQKD\F¤QJ¨LOELXW}²QJK6DXNKLNK¯L~QJWUzQ
PQKQKV[XWKLQJLDRGLQELXW}²QJF´D0$7/$%K
*LDRGLQV¹V·QJF´D0$7/$%V¹G·QJF¹DVª
WẳQKW~ÊQKY~}FJăLOFK}|QJWUQK7URQJFK}|QJWUQKFKằDQKLXFyXOQKY
QKQJKPFKằFQxQJ~JLLQKQJELWRQOQK|Q&FFyXOQKWURQJ0$7/$%
UWPQKFĐQKQJYQ~FKFQFyXOQKO~~JLLTX\W
&F P{ SKƠQJ WURQJ 0$7/$% ~}F GQJ KQK QK WR ~ NK{QJ JLDQ
FKLX'YFKLX'
&tFSKPFKƯFQjQJYqFtFOQKFKX\lQGQJFKRKWKQJ
D
&FSKÂPFKằFQxQJ
&WUO3KRzF
&WUOQKRzF
&WUOIKRzF
&WUOEKRzF
&KX\QFRQWUVDQJWUzLPWWâ
&KX\QFRQWUYvXGQJ
;RzFKRvQGQJFXLFÔQJ
E
&FOQKKWKơQJ
&FOQKWUzQFàQJQK}VDXQ\~}FYLWUDWáFạDVêOQKFD0$7/$%
&DVHVHQRII
&DVHVHQRQ
&OF
&OI
&RPSXWHU
([LW KRzF
4XLW
'âQJFKutQJWUQKNKLQUtLYwRWQKWU{QJOSNKsQJNWWKĐF
;HPWUÊJLĐS
1KSGôOLXWâEwQSKP
7xLFzFELQvảOuXWURQJPWILOHvuDYwRYÔQJOwPYLF
1JâQJW{PWKLFKutQJWUQK
/uXJLôFzFELQYwRILOHFWrQOwPDWODEPDW
/QKFKRSKS[HPFzFFKutQJWUQKPXPLQKKR{NKxQpQJOwP
YLFFƠD0$7/$%
/QKvYwRFêDVVR{QWKxRGÔQJvYLWPWFKutQJWUQK
&tFELQWURQJ0$7/$%
7zQFFELQWURQJ0$7/$%FĐWKGLNÂWẳEDRJâPFFFKFLFQJ
FFFKVơFàQJQK}PWYLNÂWẳ~FELWNKFQK}QJSKLOX{QEW~XEQJFKFL
7zQFFKP~~}F~WFàQJFĐWK~}FVạGãQJOPWzQFDELQYL~LXNLQKP
Q\VNK{QJ~}FVạGãQJWURQJVXơWTXWUQKWâQWLFDELQFKR~QNKLFĐOQK
&OHDU[RFFELQWURQJEQKKD\[RWzQFFELQ
%QKWK}đQJ0$7/$%FĐVẳSKyQELWFFELQWRELFKFLWK}đQJY
FKFLKRD&FOQKWURQJ0$7/$%QĐLFKXQJWK}đQJVạGãQJFKFLWK}đQJ9LF
wOQKD\FKLXGLFDELQYHFW|FàQJQK}PDWUQFĐWK~}F[F~ÊQK
WK{QJTXDPWVơKPFĐVQFD0$7/$%
VL]H$
>PQ@ VL]H$
VL]H$S
VL]H[
OHQJK[
OHQJK$
&KRPWYHFWRUFKơDNFKWKuÂFPDWUQ$3KQWêvXWLrQ
FƠDYHFWRUOwVKwQJFƠDPDWUQSKQWêWKơKDLOwVFW
FƠDPDWUQ
9vWKWURQJWR{v[\
3ORW[\]
9vWKWKHRWR{v[\]
7LWOH
ouDFzFWLrXvYwRWURQJKQKY
[ODEHO
ouDFzFQKảQWKHRFKLX[FêDvWK
\ODEHO
ouDFzFQKảQWKHRFKLX\FƠDvWK
]ODEHO
ouDFzFQKảQWKHRFKLX]FƠDvWK
*ULG
+LQWKOuÂLWUrQGWK
3ORW\
9vWKWKHR\ETXDFKVWKHR\
1X\OwVSKơFFRPSOH[WKvWKvuÊFYOwSKQWKFYwSKQxR
FƠD\
3ORW[\6
oLP
6DR
;
&KôFzL[
2
&KôFzLR
'XFQJ
ouQJQWOLQ
ouQJQWvơW
ouQJFKPJ{FK