SUBJECT
+
FREQADV
:a) Karen
always
seldom
mrely
hardly ever
almost never
not ever,
neve*
1-3
FREQUENCY ADVERBS
VERB
tells
the truth.
:c) Do
you
alwrrys
eat breakfast?
:d)
Ann
usually doesn't eat
breakfast.
:e) Sue
dossn't
ahwys
eat breakfast.
:f)
CORRECT:
Anna

I
sometimes
get
up
at 6:30.
Sometimss
I
get
up
at 6:30.
I
get
up
at 6:30
sometimes.
The other adverbs in the list (the ones not
marked by
"t")
rarely occur at the beginning or
end of a sentence. Their usual position is
in
the
middle of a sentence.
Frequency adverbs usually come between the
subject and the simple present verb (except
main verb be).
Frequency adverbs follow be in the simple
present (am,
is,
are) and simple past (was, were).

The meaning
of
frequency adverbs. (Chart
1-3)
Directions: Answer the questions. Discuss the meaning of
the
frequency adverbs.
What
is
something
that.
. .
1.
you
seldom
do?
2.
you often do before you go to bed?
3.
a
polite person often does?
4.
a
polite person never does?
5.
I
frequently
do
in
class?

in
italics
to the sentence. Put the word in its usual midsentence
position.
dwyr
1.
always
Tom
A
studies at home in the evening.
2.
always
Tom is at home in the evening.
3.
usually
The mail comes at noon.
4.
unrallj
The mail is here by noon.
5.
generally
I
eat lunch around one o'clock.
6.
genemlly
Tom
is
in
the lunch room around one o'clock.
7.

j.
rarely
i
e. sometimes
h. never k. seldom
2.
I
don't eat breakfast.
a. usually b. always c. seldom d. ever
3.
My roommate isn't home in the evening.
a. generally b. sometimes c. always d. hardly ever
EXERCISE
12.
Using the slmple present with frequency adverbs. (Charts
1-1
+
1-3)
Directions:
Work
in
pairs. Use frequency adverbs to talk about yourself.
Speaker
A:
Your book is open. Tell your classmate about yourself, using the given ideas
and frequency adverbs.
Speaker
B:
Your book is closed. Repeat the information Speaker
A

SPEAKER
B
(book
closed):
I
seldom walk to school.
I
usually take the bus.
OR
I
usually
walk to school too.
10
CHAPTER
1
1.
wear a suit to class
w',?iw
2.
go
to sleep before eleven-thirty
.
~:&:
3.
get at least one e-mail a day
4. read in bed before
I
go to sleep
5.
listen to the radio in the morning

Exumple:
What are some of the things you do when you get up in the morning?
+
I
generally turn on the news.
I
alevays brush
my
teeth.
I
seldom make my bed.
I
usually
rake
a shower.
I
never take
a
bath.
PART
I.
What are some
thii
you do
.
.
.
1.
when you get ready to go to bed at night?
2.

-
-
~
~
@)
PLURAL:
KUO
birak,
three
birak,
mavy
birds,
aU
birds,
etc.
(c)
Birds
sing.
(d)
A
bird
sings.
(e)
A
bird
sings
outside my window.
It
rings
loudly.

in
(-,
.
A
singular
verb
ends in
-s,
as in (d).
A
singular verb follows a singular subject.
Add
-s
to the simple present verb
if
the subject
is
(1)
a
singular noun (e.g.,
a
bird,
Ann,
Tom)
or
(2)
he,
she, or
it.*
*He,

2.
Plants grow.
-*
"plants"
=
a
plural
noun
3.
Ann
listens to the radio
in
the morning.
4.
The students at this school work hard.
5.
A doctor helps sick people.
6.
Planets revolve around the
sun.
7.
A dictionary lists words in alphabetical order.
8.
MI.
Lee likes to go to Forest Park
in
the spring. He takes the bus. He sits on a bench
near a pond and feeds the birds. Ducks
swim
toward him for food, and pigeons land

12
CHAPTER
1
I
1-5
SPELLING
OF
FINAL
-SI-ES
.
.
. . . .
.
.~.
.
.
~.
I
speak
+
speaks
@)
ride
+
rides
write
-t
writes
(c) catch
+

wusu
ru
uaurr
vstv~.
INCORRECT:
oisites, speakes
Many verbs end in
-s.
Final
-s
is simply added.
Final
-us
is added to words that end in
-ch, -sh, -s,
y
and
-z.
PRONUNCIATION
NOTE:
Final
-ap
is pronounced /ad and adds a
syllable.*
If a word ends in a consonant
+
-y,
change the
y
to

a,
e, i, o,
u.
Consonmts
=
all
other
letten
in the alphabet.
EXERCISE
16.
Simple present verbs: using
final
41-ES. (Charts
1-4
and
1-5)
Directions:
Underline the verb in each sentence. Add final
-81-os
to the verb
if
necessary.
Do not change any other words.
1.
A
dog
M.
+
bavks

a
lot of questions
in
class every day.
10.
Mr.
Cook watch game shows onTV every evening.

i\
'+&b.;
2
11.
Music consist of pleasant sounds.
-?,,
,
~,
,,
.
;LA
ni
'
g.::.,
,
/.,;
ST.
.,
.
,
.


on a slip of paper. Then close your
book.
Walk around the classroom and read your words aloud to classmates. You are looking
for the other half of your sentence.
When you find the person with the other half, combine the information on your two
slips of paper into a sentence. Write the sentence on the chalkboard or on a piece of
paper. Make changes in the verb
if
necessary.
Exatnple
(using
item
1
and
8):
A
star shines in the sky at night.
1. astar
2. causes air pollution
3.
stretch when you pull on it
4.
a hotel
5. newspaper ink
6.
supports
a
huge variety of marine life
7. a bee
8. shine

1-5)
.
-
Directions:
Create
three
sentences about d;e activity shown
in
eachbicture. Work
in
pks,
in groups, or as a class.
Senrmce
1:
Activity
in
progress:
Describe what the person
in
the picture is doing.
Sentence
2:
Usual
eequency:
Describe how often this person probably does this activity.
Sentence
3:
Generalization:
Make
a

Sentence
3:
People
m'm
for enjoyment and exercise. Swimming
in
the ocean
is
fun.
Present
nme
15