ptg
Image Backgrounds 238
Specifying Backgrounds for Elements
241
Using Images As Bullets
242
What Is an Imagemap?
243
ImageMaps and Text-Only Browsers
244
Getting an Image
244
Determining Your Coordinates
245
The <map> and <area> Tags
248
The usemap Attribute
249
Image Etiquette
254
Summary
255
Workshop
256
Q&A
256
Quiz
257
Quiz Answers
258
Exercises

280
Aligning Your Table Content
282
Table Alignment
282
Cell Alignment
283
Caption Alignment
286
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Spanning Multiple Rows or Columns 287
More Advanced Table Enhancements
296
Grouping and Aligning Columns
296
Grouping and Aligning Rows
300
Other Table Elements and Attributes
303
How Tables Are Used
303
Summary
304
Workshop
309
Q&A
309

Hidden Form Fields
329
The File Upload Control
329
Using Other Form Controls
330
Using the button Element
330
Creating Large Text-Entry Fields with textarea
331
Creating Menus with select and option
332
Grouping Controls with fieldset and legend
340
Changing the Default Form Navigation
341
Using Access Keys
342
Creating disabled and readonly Controls
342
Contents
xi
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ptg
Applying Cascading Style Sheet Properties to Form Elements 343
Planning Your Forms
349
Summary
350
Workshop

367
Using the <source> Element
369
Embedding Flash Using the <object> Tag
370
Alternative Content for the <object> Tag
374
The <embed> Tag
375
Embedding Flash Movies Using SWFObject
376
Flash Video Players
378
JW Player
378
Using Flowplayer
380
Using the <object> Tag with the <video> Tag
382
Embedding Audio in Your Pages
383
The <audio> Tag
383
Flash Audio Players
384
Summary
385
Workshop
386
Q&A

Q&A
408
Quiz
409
Quiz Answers
409
Exercises
410
PART IV: Using JavaScript and Ajax
LESSON 14: Introducing JavaScript 411
Why Would You Want to Use JavaScript? 412
Ease of Use
412
Increasing Server Efficiency
413
Integration with the Browser
413
The <script> Tag
414
The Structure of a JavaScript Script
414
The src Attribute
415
The JavaScript Language
415
Operators and Expressions
417
Variables
418
Control Structures

Hiding and Showing Elements
443
Adding New Content to a Page
452
Summary
456
Workshop
456
Q&A
456
Quiz
457
Quiz Answers
457
Exercises
457
LESSON 16: Using JavaScript Libraries 459
What Are JavaScript Libraries? 460
Reviewing the Popular JavaScript Libraries
460
jQuery
461
Dojo
461
Yahoo! UI
461
Prototype
461
Other Libraries
462

481
Summary
485
Workshop
485
Q&A
485
Quiz
486
Quiz Answers
486
Exercises
487
LESSON 17: Working with Frames and Linked Windows 489
What Are Frames? 490
Working with Linked Windows
491
The <base> Tag
496
Working with Frames
498
The <frameset> Tag
499
The <frame> Tag
502
The <noframes> Tag
503
Changing Frame Borders
504
Creating Complex Framesets

535
Validating Your Pages
535
HTML Tidy
538
Writing for Online Publication
538
Write Clearly and Be Brief
539
Organize Your Pages for Quick Scanning
539
Make Each Page Stand on Its Own
541
Be Careful with Emphasis
541
Don’t Use Browser-Specific Terminology
542
Spell Check and Proofread Your Pages
543
Design and Page Layout
543
Use Headings as Headings
543
Group Related Information Visually
544
Use a Consistent Layout
545
Using Links
546
Use Link Menus with Descriptive Text

558
Don’t Create Too Many or Too Few Pages
558
Sign Your Pages
561
Summary
562
Workshop
564
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Q&A 564
Quiz
565
Quiz Answers
565
Exercises
566
LESSON 19: Designing for the Real World 567
What Is the Real World, Anyway? 568
Considering User Experience Level
569
Add a Search Engine
569
Use Concise, Sensible URLs
570
Navigation Provides Context
572

Images
584
Designing for Accessibility
586
Use Color
586
Fonts
586
Take Advantage of All HTML Tags
587
Frames and Linked Windows
587
Forms
587
Validating Your Sites for Accessibility
588
Summary
590
Workshop
590
Contents
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ptg
Q&A 590
Quiz
591
Quiz Answers
592
Exercises

I Can’t Access the Server
603
I Can’t Access Files
603
I Can’t Access Images
604
My Links Don’t Work
604
My Files Are Being Displayed Incorrectly
605
Registering and Advertising Your Web Pages
605
Getting Links from Other Sites
606
Promoting Your Site Through Social Media
606
Creating a Facebook Page for Your Site
607
Site Indexes and Search Engines
609
Google
609
Yahoo!
610
Microsoft Bing
610
Ask.com
610
Search Engine Optimization
611

621
The PHP Language
622
Comments
622
Variables
623
Arrays
624
Strings
626
Conditional Statements
628
PHP Conditional Operators
629
Loops
630
foreach Loops
630
for Loops
631
while and do while Loops
632
Controlling Loop Execution
632
Built-in Functions
633
User-Defined Functions
634
Returning Values