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CLAUSES OF CONCESSION
(Mệnh Đề Chỉ Sự Nhượng Bộ)
1. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ thường được giới thiệu bằng: although, though, even though,
even if.
Although / Though / Even though / Even + S + V, S + V.
Eg: a) Although / though / Even though / Even if he tried very hard, he couldn’t lift the box up.
b) He was lazy. He passed the test.
-> Although he was lazy, he passed the test.
c) We had a picnic. The weather was bad.
-> We had a picnic though the weather was bad.
2. Mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ có thể được rút gọn thành cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ bởi các giới từ : despite
, in spite of

+ noun phrase
Despite / In spite of + V.ing
+ the fact that + S + V
Eg:
- Despite/Inspite of her sadness, she managed to smiled.
- Despite/In spite of being sad, she managed to smile.
- We had a picnic in spite of the bad weather.
* Khi cả hai mệnh đề cùng một chủ ngữ ta có thể chuyển mệnh chính về dạng V.ing.
III- THE WAYS OF CHANGING A CLAUSE TO A PHRASE (cách đổi một mệnh đề thành cụm từ)
1- Mệnh đề có chủ từ là một đại từ (Pronoun) + be + adj khi đổi sang cụm từ ta bỏ BE, đổi chủ từ thành
tính từ sở hữu (possessive adj), đổi tính từ thành danh từ.
Ex1: Although he was lazy, he passed the test.

 Despite his laziness, he passed the test.
Ex2: Though she was poor, she lived a happy life.
 Despite her poverty, she lived a happy life.
2- Mệnh đề cú chủ từ là danh từ (noun) + be + adj khi chuyển sang cụm từ ta bỏ “Be”, đổi chủ từ thành sở

A. despite B. in spite of C. although D. A and B
9. _______Hudson led early, he lost the race.
A. though B. although C. eventhough D. all are correct
10. In spite of not speaking French, Mike decided to settle in Paris.
A. Eventhough Mike didn’t speak French, but he decided to settle in Paris.
B. Mike decided to settle in Paris despite he didn’t speak French.
C. Mike decided to settle in Paris though the fact that not speaking French.
D. Although Mike didn’t speak French; he decided to settle in Paris.
11. Mr Ba was late for the meeting though he took a taxi.
A. Even though taking a taxi, Mr Ba was late for the meeting.
B. In spite of taking a taxi, but Mr Ba was late for the meeting.
C. Mr Ba was late for the meeting despite the fact he took a taxi.
Subject + V(ordinary)
V-ing
There + be + Noun
-> x + Noun
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D. Mr Ba was late for the meeting although having taken a taxi.
12. We camt to the meeting on time though the traffic was heavy.
A. Despite the traffic was heavy; we came to the meeting on time.
B. In spite of the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time.
C. Even though the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time.
D. Although the traffic was heavy, but we came to the meeting on time.
13. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert whether he took a taxi or not.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Bill took a taxi to the concert, but he couldn’t catch it.
14. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car.
A. She doesn’t have enough money to buy the car she likes.

A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired
C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired
25. The children slept well, despite _____.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
26. She left him __________ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
27. _______ her lack of hard work, she was promoted.
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A. In spite B. Even though C. in spite of D. despite of
28. _______ they are brothers, they do not look like.
A. Although B. Even C. Despite D. In spite of
29. We are concerned with the problem of energy resouces ________ we must also think of our environment.
A. despite B. though C. as though D. but
30. ______ some Japanese women are successful in business, the majority of Japanese companies are run by
men.
A. But B. Even if C. If D. As though
Exercise 2: Combine these sentences using: though, although, even though
1. Lion dancing is very popular in Viet Nam. My friend Anny does not enjoy it.
=>

2. Bob always walks to work. He is living in the city.
=>

3. My house is near the beach. I rarely go swimming.
=>

4. My brother is working in Ha Noi. He comes home on every public holiday.
=>

5. Paul is an Australian, he enjoys Vietnamese New year.

5. She never takes any kind of exercise, but she is quite fit and healthy. (even though)
=>

6.The keyboard wasn’t working well. She tried to finish the letter (although)
=>

7.The forecast said it would rain. It turned out to be a beautiful day. (although)
=>

8.I’m no better. I’ve taken the bill. (even though)
=>

9. The traffic was bad. I arrived at the airport on time. (though)
=>

10. I didn’t get the job. I had all necessary qualifications. (though)
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=>

11. We enjoyed the vacation. It rained a lot. (although)
=>

12. She felt sick. She went to work. (though)
=>

13. I was really tired. I couldn’t sleep. (even though)
=>

14. He is very rich. He isn’t happy. (although)
=>

=> Despite

7. I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before.
=>In spite of

8. We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time.
=> Despite

9. Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting.
=>In spite of

10. Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until 9 o’clock.
=> Despite

11. Although the salary was low, he accepted the job.
=> Despite

12. In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends.
=> Though

13. In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner.
=> Although

14. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.
=> Even though

15. In spite of his hard work, Ba he failed his exam.
=> Though

16. In spite of the heavy rain, we decided to go to see the match.

26. Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire.
=> Despite

27. Tom will not pass the examination although he studies well.
=> In spite of

28. He is still fat though he has been on a diet for 2 years.
=> In spite of

29. Although his English was good, he wasn’t chosen.
=> However
30. Although Judy was severely disabled, she participated in many sports.
=> Despite
31. It doesn’t matter how hard she tries, she never beat Sue at tennis.
=> However
32. No matter what he says, nobody believes him.
=> Whatever
33. He always woke up early no matter how late he had gone to bed.
=> However
34. Melissa’s father was very busy, but he still played with her.
=> Busy
35. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
=>In spite of

36. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine.
=> Despite

37. We did the test well though it was difficult.
=>In spite of