Tiếng anh chuyên ngành Thổ nhưỡngvà Môi trường đất
NXB Đại học quốc gia Hà Nội 2007.
Tr 55 – 65.Tài liệu trong Thư viện điện tử ĐH Khoa học Tự nhiên có thể được sử dụng cho mục đích
học tập và nghiên cứu cá nhân. Nghiêm cấm mọi hình thức sao chép, in ấn phục vụ các
mục đích khác nếu không được sự chấp thuận của nhà xuất bản và tác giả. Mục lục

Unit 6 The Greenhouse effect 2
A. READING 2
I Comprehension questions 3
II True - False sentences 4
III Increasing your vocabulary 5
B. WRITING 6
I Sentence-transforming 6
II Sentence - correcting 7
C. FURTHER PRACTIVE 8
D. TRANSLATE 10
I Translate into Vietnamese 10
II Translate into English 10
E. VOCABULARY 11


2

have such a harmful effect? When living creatures breathe out or when things are burned, CO
2

enters the atmosphere. Until recently all of this was absorbed by plants, which converted it back
into oxygen.
However, the balance of nature has been disturbed. In power stations, in factories and in our
cars, we are burning more and more fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) and this produces huge
quantities of CO
2
-18 billion tons of it enter the atmosphere every year. Added to this, the
destruction of forests means that less CO
2
can be converted into oxygen by plants. So, the amount
of CO
2
in the atmosphere is increasing every year.
As sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, the surface of the Earth is warmed. Some of this
heat escapes back into space, but the rest is trapped by CO
2
, which acts like the glass in a
greenhouse, allowing sunshine and heat to pass in but not out again. Consequently, the
temperature rises.
As the temperature rises, the amount of water vapor in the air will increase and this too will
absorb more of the Earth's heat. The oceans too will become warmer and store more heat, so that
they increase the warming effect.
According to Dr. Syukuro Manabe of Princeton University, the polar icecaps will start to
melt and the oceans will expand as more snow and ice melt. Because the exposed ground,
formerly covered in snow, won't reflect the heat so well it will absorb more sunlight and this will

3. What is expected by 2025? 4. Why can less carbon dioxide be converted into oxygen by plants? 5. What happen when we are burning fossil fuels in power stations, in factories and in cars? 6. What is trapped by CO
2
when sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere? Why does the
temperature rise? 7. What do they predict by 2050? What will this have effect on? 8. What will absorb more of the Earth's heat as the temperature rises? What increase the
warming effect? 9. Which parts of the USA may tolerate worse conditions for agriculture? 10. What do the experts think about the "Greenhouse effect"? II True - False sentences
Decide whether the following statements are true "T" or false "F". Correct the false

3. Pollution can only be prevented international laws.
4. I love all animals dogs.
5. Tropical forests are being destroyed the demand for hardwood for furniture.
6. the weather forecast, it's going to snow.
7. Just a minute, I'll go you and hold the door open.
8. Hello. I'm phoning Mr Brown. He asked me to give you a message.
9. People should protect trees cutting them down.
10. They have two cats four pet rabbits.
11. pets. I don't think that people should keep them in small apartments.
12. conservation, I believe that the government should impose controls.
(Taken from "Progress to first Certificate" by Leo Jones)
B. WRITING
I Sentence-transforming
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the
sentence printed before it.
1. A road is so narrow that cars can not park here.
The road is too narrow 2. They ought to make it wider at this point.
It is 3. There is too little space here to make the road wider.
There isn't 4. It is possible to cut down a lot of trees on both sides.
A lot of


A B C D
C. FURTHER PRACTIVE
Exercise 1: Read the following sentences about the different forms of energy available. Match
the sentences in Part I with the correct sentences in Part II and write the correct letter in each
space.
Part I.
1. Muscles and wood were the first sources of energy used by early man.
2. Coal made the Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century possible.
3. Today we depend on oil more than any other fuel.
4. Gas is considered as a "mineral" because, together with coal, it is part of the Earth's crust.
5. Hydroelectric power is used to produce electricity.
6. Geothermal energy is produced from the heat stored in the Earth's core.
7. The wind was used as a power source over 1,300 years ago in Pesia when the first windmill
was built to turn a millstone.
8. Waves have enormous power.
9. Incoming tides can be trapped behind a dam across a bay or an estuary.
10. A huge amount of solar energy reaches the Earth's outer atmosphere.
11. Nuclear fuels, such as uranium-235 and plutonium, can be made to produce immense heat
by a process called "fission"
Part II.
A. Like oil, it is a fossil fuel and is thus a non-renewable source of energy.
B. One danger, however, is in getting rid of the radioactive wastes which are produced.
C. They increase and decrease more slowly than the wind, thus making them easier to use as a
source of energy.
D. It was the first fossil fuel to be used to power machinery.
E. However, it is thinly spread and collecting it in countries like Britain and northern Europe
is still difficult and expensive.
F. It is used as fuel in cars, ships and airplanes, and even in rockets.
G. It is produced by the fall of water trapped in a dam.
H. It took thousands of years to progress to using coal on a large scale. II Translate into English
1. Nhà kính là toà nhà mà các mặt bên và mái của nó được làm bằng kính vì thế mà nhiệt
độ bên trong nhà được tăng cường. Nhà kính được sử dụng để trồng các loại cây cần nhiệt độ
cao. Con người có thể gây ra sự thay đổi đối với khí hậu. Sự thay đổi này là do việc tăng mức
cacbon điôxít trong khí quyển, do vậy làm tăng nhiệt độ bề mặt trái đất. Và điều này có thể làm
thay đổi hiện tượng mà chúng ta vẫn thường biết đến đó là "hiệu ứng nhà kính". 2. Hiệu ứng nhà kính không còn là một hiện tượng mới mẻ. Trong vài thế kỷ qua, các nhà
khoa học đã nhận ra rằng lớp khí bao bọc xung quanh trái đất một cách tự nhiên như một tấm
chăn , chặn năng lượng phản chiếu của mặt trời lại, ngăn nó không thể thoát vào không trung.
Điều này làm cho trái đất của chúng ta đủ ấm cho con người, cho thực vật và động vật. Tuy
nhiên, hoạt động gần đây của con người đã làm tăng sự tập trung của khí hiệu ứng nhà kính và
tăng khả năng cản sức nóng của chúng. E. VOCABULARY
actually (adv) : thực sự
balance (v) : làm cân bằng
climate (n) : khí hậu

worldwide (adj) : toàn thế giới