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JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, Hue University, N
0
61, 2010 STUDY OF THE HYPERTENSION SITUATION
AT DONGHA TOWN, QUANGTRI PROVINCE IN 2008
Le Thi Thu Trang,Tran Kim Phung
Quang Tri Health Service
SUMMARY
Hypertension has been a leading risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CDV)
and a main cause of deaths from heart complications as well. The prevalence rate of
hypertension has been increasing throughout the world over and also in Vietnam, yet no
research into this issue has ever been carried out in Quangtri. An investigation named "A Study
of the hypertension situation at Dongha town, Quangtri in 2008" was conducted
accordingly.The study aimed to investigate the rate of hypertension in Dongha, Quangtri and
explore the relationship between hypertension and several CVD risk factors in Dongha,
Quangtri. Study design: A cross-sectional investigation and analysis. Subjects: 461 men and
women aged ≥ 25 years residing at Dongha, Quang Tri. Methods: All enrolled participants
underwent measurements of height, weight, waist and BMI calculation, blood pressure, and
were quantitatively tested for a fasting venous blood glucose in the morning, and lipid
components. Evaluations were based on criteria issued by the WHO, NCEP ATPIII and the
Vietnam national heart association. Results: The hypertension rate was 26.68% and increased
with age, the age groups of 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64 and ≥ 65 accounted for 7.5%, 15.6%,
30.3%, 38.4% and

42.5% respectively. Risk factors related to hypertension included:
overweight (OR = 2.19), android obesity (OR = 2.34), dyslipidemia of at least one lipid

2.1. Subjects: 461 men and women aging ≥ 25 years and residing at Dongha,
Quangtri
2.2. Methods
Design: cross-sectional investigation and analysis, simple random sampling.
Diagnosis and classification of HT according to JNC VI. All enrolled participants
underwent measurements of height, weight, waist and body mass index(BMI)
calculation, and were quantitatively tested for morning fasting venous blood glucose,
and lipid components. Evaluations were based on criteria issued by WHO, NCEP
ATPIII, WPRO and the Vietnam national heart association.
Collected data were statistically analysed.
3. Results
3.1. Rate of hypertension
Table 1. General rate of Hypertension in Dongha to compare with other region and country
Places n HT Percentage

p
Dongha, Quangtri,Vietnam (2008) 461 123 26.68
Khanhhoa, Vietnam (2004) [1] 856 204 23.83 > 0.05
Vietnam (2008) [5] 9797 2661 27.2 > 0.05
Prevalence rate of HT at Dongha was similar to other regions in Vietnam. 483
Table 2. Hypertension classification
Blood pressure (mm Hg) Dongha Vietnam p
Normal: < 130/< 85
278/461
(60.3%)
6244/9797
(63.73%)

9797
(100%)

Rates of HT in stages were the same as other places in Vietnam.
3.2. Relationship between HT and other cardiovascular risk factors
3.2.1. Relationship between HT and anthropometric risk factors
Table 3. Gender
Male Female p
Normal
n 116 160
< 0,05
Percentage (%) 55.24 63.75
High normal
N 30 32
> 0,05
Percentage (%) 14.29 12.75
HT
Stage 1
n 35 34
> 0,05
Percentage (%)

16.67 13.35
Stage 2
N 23 17
> 0,05
Percentage (%)

10.95 6.77
Stage 3


Subtotal

25-34 93 20,2
78
(83.9%)
8 (8.6%) 6 (6.5%)

0 1 7 (7.5%)

35-44 90 19,5
67
(74.4%)
9 (10%)
12
(13.3%)
1 1
14
(15.6%)
45-54 99 21,5
59
(59.6%)
10
(10.1%)
16
(16.1%)
11
(11.1%)

3

60
(13%)
69 (15%)

40
(8.7%)

14 (3%)OR(95%CI)
Dongha 1.82 (1.48-2.23)
Vietnam 1.39 (1.176-1.592)
p
Dongha <0.001
Vietnam <0.001
Rates of HT and severe HT both increased on aging.
Table 5. Body mass index (BMI)
BMI HT (n) Normal BP (n) Total
< 23 67 277 344
 23 56 61 117
Total 123 338 461 485

2
35.96
OR (95%CI)
Dongha 3.8 (2.45-5.87)

P
Dongha < 0.005
Vietnam 0.004
Dyslipidemia of at least one component was significantly associated with HT. 486
Table 8. Elevated total cholesterolemia
HT Normal BP Total
Yes 58 88 146
No 65 250 315
Total 123 338 461

2
18.59
OR (95%CI)
Dongha 2.53 (1.66-3.87)
Vietnam 2.28 (1.492-3.479)
P
Dongha < 0.001
Vietnam < 0.001
Hypercholesterolemia was significantly associated with HT
Table 9. Elevated lower density lipoprotein – cholesterol(LDL-C)
HT Normal BP Total
Yes 40 62 102
No 83 276 359
Total 123 338 461

2
10.52


2
14,33
OR (95%CI)
Dongha 2.25 (1.48-3.43)
Vietnam 1.55 (1.554-2.122)
P
Dongha < 0.001
Vietnam 0.008
Elevated triglyceridemia was significantly associated with HT
3.3. Relationship between hypertension with elevated blood glucose
Table 12. Relationships between hypertension and diabetes (DM) and fasting glucose
intolerance (FGI)
HT
DM and FGI DM FGI
Yes No Yes No Yes No
Yes 41 82 23 100 18 105
No 66 272 33 305 33 305
OR (95%CI) 2.06 (1.3÷3.25) 2.13(1.2÷3.76) 1.58 (0.68÷2.92)
p < 0.005 < 0.05 > 0.05
HT was significantly correlated with elevated blood glucose (DM and FGI) and
DM; but not with single FGI. Prevalence rates of HT in elevated blood glucose, DM
and FGI persons were respectively 38.3%, 41% and 35.3%.
488
4. Discussions
Prevalence the rate of HT in persons  25 years at Dongha (26.7%) was
relatively similar to other regions in Vietnam. Rates of stage-1, -2 and -3 HT were 15%,

Reduced HDL-C was not a risk factor of HT. Rates of HT in those with and
without reduced HDL-C were approximately the same (31.3% vs. 27.2%, respectively).
Rates of HT in groups with hypertriglyceridemia and with normal 489
triglyceridemia were 78//225 = 34.7% and 45/336 = 13.4% respectively.
Diabetes mellitus and fasting glucose intolerance: Fasting blood glucose
levels  6.1mmol/l were significantly associated with HT. The rate of HT in those with
fasting blood glucose levels  6.1mmol/l was 41/107 = 38.3%, in diabetics being 23/56
= 41%, in those with FGI being 18/41 = 35.3%. Sanjay Vikrant [10] and Kaplan M.N.
[7] supposed that insulin resistance and elevated blood glucose were related to HT. The
NHANES III study reported 71% of diabetics had HT [7].
5. Conclusions
5.1. Rate of HT was 26.68%.
5.2. Rates of HT in age groups of 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64 and  65
respectively accounted for 7.5%, 15.6%, 30.3%, 38.4% and 42.5%.
5.3. Risk factors associated with HT: Overweight (OR=3.8, 95%CI = 2.45-5.87,
p<0.001), android obesity (OR = 2.34, 95%CI=1.46-3.37, p < 0.001), Dyslipidemia of
at least one component (OR = 2.19, 95%CI= 1.3-3.71, p < 0.005), hypercholesterolemia
(OR = 2.53 95%CI = 1.66-3.87, p < 0,001), elevated LDL-C (OR = 2.15, 95%CI
=1.35-3.4, p < 0.005) and hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 2.25, 95%CI = 1.48-3.43, p <
0.001).
5.4. DM, elevated blood glucose of  6.1 mmol/l were obviously associated with
HT and rates of HT in these two circumstances were 41% and 38.3%, respectively.
REFERENCES
1. Tran Van Huy, Truong Tan Minh (2004), Epidemiology of main cardiovascular
risk factors in adults in Khanh Hoa province, Journal of Vietnam Cardiology, No.
37/2004, 580-596.
2. Huynh Van Minh, Pham Gia Khai, Nguyen Huy Dung, ,(2008), Vietnam heart