PHAT
HUY TINH TLJ CHU
CUA
NGUOI
HOC
TH(!)NG
QUA CAC HOAT
DONG
PHAN HOI
BAI
VIET
NGUYEN MAI HOA
Hoc vien Khoa San Dai hoc - DHNN
Dat van de
Trong tbdi gian qua, ddi mdi
phuong
phap giang day la mot trong
nhflng ndi dung quan trgng trong qua trinh nang cao chat
lugng
giao
due.
Dae biet trong viec giang day cac mdn thuc hanh tieng, trgng tam
cua ddi mdi phuong phap giang day la
nbam
nang cao vai trd va tinh
chii
dgng
ticb cue ciia
ngudi hgc. Day la mot trong nhflng trgng tam
ddi hoi ngudi giao vien phai thiet
kc'

sinh vien va sinh vien cbd dgi va tie'p nhan su phan hdi cua giao
vien
mot cac
thu
dgng. Tuy nbien, viec phan hdi nhu vay cung kbdng mang
lai
bieu qua nhu mong dgi. Sinh vien
van
lap
lai
nhflng
Idi
minh da
dugc sua.
Chinb tfl thuc te do chung tdi
nghl
rang can phai cd mot each tiep
430
can nao do de phat buy tinh tu chu cua sinh vien trong viec phan hdi
thi viec phan hdi bai viet cua sinh vien kbdng nhflng se giup cac em
chfla
Idi
ma con dem lai dgng
luc
viet va nang cao ky nang viet, va
hon ca la ky nang ngdn ngfl. Do vay, trong pham vi bai viet nay chung
tdi xin gidi thieu mot sd boat dgng phan hdi bai viet cua sinh vien
nbam phat trien
tinh
tu chu cua sinh vien.

canh
dd, phan hdi cd bieu qua con cd tac dung
khuyen khich va thuc day qua trinh hgc tap.
Tuy nbien, neu chung ta nbin nhan viec phan hdi bai viet cua sinh
vien chi don thuan la mot boat ddng giang day ngdn ngfl va ky nang
ngdn ngfl do ngudi giao vien dam nhiem thi chua phat buy dugc vai
trd cua ngudi hgc. Ngudi giao vien mdi chi dflng lai d mflc do truyen
tai tbdng tin den ngudi hgc va ngudi hgc ddng vai trd thu ddng trong
qua trinh nay va chua phat buy dugc tinh tu chu.
Quan niem va vai trd cua tinh
ti/chu
cua ngudi
hgc
Khai niem ve tinh tu
chii
cua ngudi hgc da dugc de cap den nhieu
trong nhflng nam qua va trd thanh de tai gay nhieu chu y trong qua
431
trinh day va hgc ngoai ngfl. Cd
nbidu
y kien khac
nhau
ve tinh tu chu.
Cd y kie'n cho
ring
tinh tu chu ddng nbat vdi kha nang tu hgc. Trong
khi,
mot sd ngudi khac lai cho rang tu chu trong lap hgc cd
ngbia
la

cbfle
ciia
ngudi giao vien. Nhu Hurd (1998) cho
ring
"chung ta khdng the
cho
ring
tat ca hgc sinh deu san sang va cd the hgc mot each thuc
sir".
Chinh vi vay, ngudi
thiy
cd vai trd quan trgng trong viec tao dieu kien
va
CO
hdi cho ngudi hgc nang cao kha nang dd. Ngudi hgc phai dugc
hudng
din
lam the nao de tu nang cao bieu qua hgc tap cua minh, tu
danh gia va tu thuc hien nhflng thay ddi can thie't trong qua trinh hgc
cua rieng minh.
Tom lai, viec phat buy tinh tu chu cua ngudi hgc ddng vai trd
quan trgng trong viec ap dung phuong phap giang day lay ngudi hgc
lam trung tam, dac biet trong cac gid day vie't va viec phan hdi bai viet
ciia
sinh vien. Tuy nbien van de dat ra la phat trien tinh tu chu cua
ngudi hgc nhu the nao. Do vay trong pham vi bai viet nay chung tdi
ggi y mot sd cac boat ddng
nhim
nang cao tinh chu ddng ticb cue cua
ngudi hgc tbdng qua viec phan hdi bai vie't.

ngoai y tudng dd.
Chfla
Idi
theo cap - Pair work correction activities: Sau khi sinh
vien viet bai, giao vien
yeu
cau sinh vien chfla
Idi
cua nhau. Giao vien
luu
y sinh vien mot sd tieu chi danh gia bai vie't cua ngudi khac. Vi du
nhu khi chfla bai khdng chi quan tam tdi
Idi
ngfl phap, cau
true
cau,
ma cdn nen xem bd cue, cac y cd
sip
xep
Idgic
kbdng v.v va v.v
Sau khi da dgc bai cua ban va neu nhflng danh gia cua minh, giao vien
gianh mot it tbdi gian de sinh vien vie't bai va sinh vien chfla bai, trao
ddi vdi nhau. Trong cac boat ddng nay ngudi giao vien ddng vai trd
nhu mot ngudi trg giup trong qua trinh hgc cua sinh vien. Muc dich
cua boat ddng nay
nhIm
nang cao y thflc lam viec chia se, kha nang
danh gia va tu phan ticb van de cua sinh vien. Sinh vien lam chu qua
trinh phan hdi bai vie't cua ban va tu lam chu qua trinh tu sfla

cic
nhdm khac.
Chua
Idi
cho cd
Idp
- Whole class correction activities
Sau khi
yeu clu
hgc sinh viet bai,
gilo
vien cd the' ggi mot hoac
bai hgc sinh
len
bang viet bai cua minh de' ca
Idp
cung chfla. Cd the
gilo vien tu
chep
mot bai cua sinh vien bang, kbdng
neu
ten sinh vien
dd de sinh vien dd ngai khi bai
ciia
minh dugc
neu
len lap. Khi tie'n
hanh boat ddng nay ddi hdi ngudi giao vien phai kheo
leo,
Idi

cua sinh vien trong viec tu
dinb
gil bai vie't cua minh. Ve van de
giao vien phan hdi bai viet cua sinh vien, mot sd nghien cflu
gin
day
cho thay
ring cIc
thu thuat dua ra
Idi
nhan xet
giln
tie'p cua gilo vien
nhu
dInh
dlu,
gach chan giup sinh vien
phit
trien kha nang tu chfla
Idi
cua minh (Ferris va Hedgcock, 1998). Chung tdi cung cho
ring
khi
tie'n hanh chua bli cho sinh vien, gilo vien khdng sfla bli vie't tflng
cau, tflng tfl ma chung tdi chi gach chan dudi nhflng tfl hay cau true,
bay nhflng y
didn
dat chua dat
yeu
cau. Sau khi

el ngoai
Idp.
Nang cao tinh tu chu trong cac hoat ddng phan hdi bai
vie't la can thiet va cd bieu
qui
trong
qui
trinh nang cao chat lugng
day va hgc. Phat buy tinh ticb cue cua sinh vien trong viec
phin
hdi
bai vie't khdng nhflng cd the
gilm
dugc mot phan cdng viec cua gilo
vien ma quan trgng hon ca la sinh vien cd the chu ddng va lam chu
qua trinh hgc tap cua minh.
Phieu danh gia
Your name:
Peer evaluation sheet
Paragraph title / topic:
A. Organization and content
1.
Topic sentence: Is there a clear topic
sentence? Does it have a controlling
idea?
2.
Supporting sentences: Is the main
idea clear? Does the writer need to add
more details to explain it?
3.

Dornyei, Z.(2001). Motivational
strategis
in the language classroom.
Cambridge: Cambridege University Press.
Ferris,
D and Hedgcock J. S. (1998). Teacher response to student
writing: Issues in oral and written feedback. In Teaching ESL
compositions: Purpose, process and practice (pl23-141) Mahwab,
New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Ferris,
D.R. (1997). The influence of teacher commentary on student
revision. TESOL
Quarterly,3\
(2), p 315-339.
Haimer,
J.(2004). The
practice
of
English Language
teaching.
London:
Longman.
Reid, J. M. (1993). Responding to student writing. In teaching
ESL writing (p. 205-225). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice
Hall Regents.
Tu, T. C. (2005). Giving learner-friendly written feedback to
students of intermediate level in their writing process. College of
Foreign Languages.
Ur, P. (1996). A course in language teaching: Practice and
theoiy.