Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
PERIOD: 1 TENSES REVIEW
I. THEORY
NO. TENSE FORM ADVERBS FOLLOWING
1.
Simple present
HTĐ
• Tobe : S + is/am/are
+ S + V/V
S, ES
…
- S + doesn’t /don’t + V …
? Do/Does + S + V … ?
- Every day/month/year/…
- Always, constantly, usually, often, generally, frequently, sometimes,
occasionally, seldom, rarely, never,
- Once/twice a week, how often, …
(Chú ý: thêm "ES" khi V kết thúc: s, sh, ch, o, x, z, (y) )
2.
Present continuous
HTTD
+ S + is/am/are + V
ing
…
- S + is/am/are + not + V
ing
…
? Is/am/are + S + V
ing
… ?
Now, right now, at the/this moment, at this time, at present, at the present time,

- At this time yesterday, at 7.00 a.m last week
- At that time, then
- When, while
5.
Present perfect
HTHT
+ S + has/have + P.P
- S + has/have + not + P.P
? Has/have + S + P.P ?
- Since + 1mốc thời gian , for + 1 khoảng thời gian
- Yet, ever, never, already, recently, lately, just, before,
- So far, until now, up to now, up to the present time
6.
Present perfect
continuous
HTHTTD
+ S + has/have + been + V
ing

- S +has/have+ not + been + V
ing

? Has/have + S + been + V
ing
?
Since + 1mốc thời gian, for + 1 khoảng thời gian, up to now
(thường dùng với V chỉ hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait,
stand, sit, try, …
7. Past pefect + S + had + P.P … - After + QKHT, QKĐ


- Tomorrow (morning, afternoon, evening)
- Next week/month/year/
- In 2 hours, in a few minutes/some days/…
- Some day, soon
10.
Future continuous
TLTD
+ S + will + be + V
ing

- S + will + not + be + V
ing

? Will + S + be + V
ing
?
- At this time tomorrow, at 8.00 a.m next Monday
- When
11.
Future perfect
TLHT
+ S + will + have + P.P …
- S + will + not + have + P.P …
? Will + S + have + P.P … ?
- Before/by + thời gian trong tương lai Ex: by next year
- TLHT, before/by the time + HTĐ
12.
Future perfect
continuous
TLHTTD

10. Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days
11. Don't call me in the afternoon. I usually (be) away in the afternoon
12. Mr. Clark (be) in New York 2 months ago. Mr. Rossi (be) in New York until 2 months ago
13. John (drive) that car ever since I (know) him
14. People (speak) English in most of Canada
15. The dog (wag) his tail whenever he (see) me
16. What you (do) when I (ring) you last night?
17. Up to then I never (see) such a fat man
18. I (not see) him last Monday
19. They had sold all the books when we (get) there
20. I think he (leave) as soon as he (know) the news
21. She (play) the piano when our guests (arrive) last night
22. He (come) and (see) you soon
23. I (come) as soon as I have finished my work. You (be) ready?
24. My mother (come) to stay with us next weekend
25. Where you (spend) your holidays next summer?
26. Violets (bloom) in spring
27. We (not live) in England for two years now
28. I (never forget) what you (just tell) me
29. They (prepare) the Christmas dinner at the moment
30. When I last (stay) in Cairo, I (ride) to the Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow) the day before
31. Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970
32. George (work) at a university so far
33. When he lived in Manchester, he (work) in a bank
34. Birds (build) their nests in summer and (fly) to the South in winter
35. I (lose) my key. (Can) you help me look for it?
36. My father (not smoke) for 5 years
37. My teacher wasn't at home when I (arrive). He (just go) out

3

+Nếu trong câu chủ động chủ ngữ là nobody, no one thì khi đổi sang bị động, động từ sẽ để ở thể phủ định.
Công thức chung : S+BE+past participle(P2)
I. CÁC CÔNG THỨC CỤ THỂ CỦA CÁC THÌ:
1. Đối với Hiện tại đơn giản : S + am/is/are+P2 2. Đối với Hiện tại tiếp diễn : S +am/is/are+being+P2

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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
3. Đối với Hiện tại Hòan thành: S + have/has+been+P2 4. Đối với Quá khứ đơn giản: S + was/were+p2
5. Đối với Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/were+being+P2 6. Đối với Tương lai đơn giản: S + will+be+P2
7. Đối với Tương lai gần: S + to be+going to+Be+P2 8. Đối với Tương lai hòan thành: S + will have been+P2
9. Đối với Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had been+P2
Notes: Các thì HTHT tiếp diễn, TLHT tiếp diễn, TL tiếp diễn, QKHT tiếp diễn không đổi được sang bị động.
II/ THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA MODAL VERB
1/ Cấu trúc 1: S + modal Verb +Verb infinitive(Vinf)
Dùng để chỉ hành động xảy ra trong hiện tại hoặc tương lai. >>> Thể bị động S+modal verb + be +P2.
EX: I must do this homework.>> This homework must be done.
2/Cấu trúc 2: S + modal Verb + have +P2
Dùng để chỉ những hành động cần phải làm trong quá khứ hoặc đáng lẽ phải xảy ra nhưng không làm. Hoặc những hành động đoán biết
chắc hẳn phải xảy ra trong quá khứ. >>>Bị động: S + modal Verb + have been +P2
III/ CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT:
1/ It's your duty to+Vinf >>> bị động: You're supposed to+Vinf
EX: It's your duty to make tea today. >> You are supposed to make tea today.
2/ It's impossible to+Vinf >>>bị động: S + can't + be + P2
EX: It's impossible to solve this problem.>> This problem can't be solve.
3/ It's necessary to + Vinf >>> bị động: S + should/ must + be +P2
EX: It's necessary for you to type this letter. >> This letter should/ must be typed by you.
4/ Mệnh lệnh thức + Object. >>> bị động: S + should/must + be +P2.
EX: Turn on the lights! >> The lights should be turned on.
IV/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ MAKE/ LET.
Công thức chủ động : S + make/ let + sb+ Vinf. >>> Bị động: S + make/ let + to + Vinf.

EX: People said that he is a good doctor.>> It was said that he is a good doctor./ He was said to be a good doctor.
c/ Động từ trong clause ở thì QKDG hoặc HTHT: S + was/were + thought/ said/ supposed + to + have + P2.
EX: They thought he was one of famous singers.>> It was thought he was one of famous singers.
He was thought to have been one of famous singers.
IX/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA TÁM ĐỘNG TỪ ĐẶC BIỆT.
Các động từ : suggest, require, request, order, demand, insist(on), recommend.
Công thức: S + suggest/ recommend/ order/ require + that + clause.
( trong đó clause = S + Vinf + O)
>> Bị động: It + was/ will be/ has been/ is + P2( of 8 verb) + that + st + be + P2.
( trong đó "be" là không đổi vì động từ trong clause ở câu chủ động ở dạng Vinf)
EX: He suggested that she buy a new car.>> It was suggessted that a new car be bought.
X/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CẤU TRÚC CHỦ NGỮ GIẢ " IT".
Công thức: It + be + adj + for sb + to do st.>>Bị động: It + be + adj + for st + to be done.
EX: It is difficult for me to finish this test in one hour>> It is difficult for this problem to be finished this test in one hour.
XI/ BỊ ĐỘNG TRONG TRƯỜNG HỢP 2 TÂN NGỮ.
Trong đó : Oi = Indirect Object.
Od = Direct Object.
Công thức: S + V + Oi + Od >>Bị động: 1/ Oi + be + P2( of V) + Od
2/ Od + be + P2( of V) + to Oi. ( riêng động từ " buy" dùng giới từ " for").

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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
EX: My friend gave me a present on my birthday.>> A present was given to me by my friend on my birthday.
I was given a present on my birthday by my friend.(Theo Home of ELS)
Exercises with keys
1) Julia rescued three cats.Three cats were rescued.
2) The students handed in the reports.The reports were handed in.
3) Maria crashed into the blue car.The blue car was crashed into.
4) Alex learned the poem.The poem was learned.
5) Steven has forgotten the book.The book has been forgotten.

12. The librarian said that they were starting a new system because people were not returning book.
13. The police asked each of us about his movement on the night of the crime.
14. Someone will server refreshments.
15. People must not leave bicycles in the hall.
16. Members may keep books for three week. After that they must return them.
17. The burglars had cut an enormous hole in the steel door.
18. Ive bought a harp. They are delivering it this afternoon. (Do not change the first sentence.)
19. Someone has already told him top report for duty at six.
20. They rang the church bells as a flood warning.
21. No one can do anything unless someone gives us more information.
22. People are spending far more money on food now than they spent ten years ago.
23. The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of the month.
24. They will say nothing more about the matter if someone returns the stolen gun.
25. It is high time someone told him to stop behaving like a child.
26. A thief stole my dog and brought him back only when I offer 20 pounds reward for him.
27. The judge gave him two weeks in which to pay the fine.
28. They make these artificial flowers of silk.
29. They cant make tea with cold water.
30. The thief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant.
31. somebody has taken away some of my books.
32. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
33. They have to repair the engine of the car.
PERIOD 3 Reported speech
Quy tắc chung:
+ Đối với câu trần thuật thì thêm liên từ that hoặc không. Dùng động từ say that ( to smb that ) , tell smb that.
+ Đối với câu hỏi có từ để hỏi thì dùng từ để hỏi đó làm liên từ, với câu không có từ để hỏi thì dùng liên từ If hoặc Whether, dùng động từ nh : ask,
enquire, want to know Với câu cảm thán thì dùng : Exclaim.
+ Đối với câu mệnh lệnh thức dùng : tell, ask, order, advise, beg . smb ( not ) to do smt.
+ Với tất cả các loại câu phải lùi một thời ( Trừ khi động từ ở câu chính ở thời hiện tại ( vdụ: I say / she is saying .) Nói chung câu điều kiện If / wish /
as if ( loại 2 / 3) không đổi thì : vdụ she said, I would complain If I were you

11. Happy birthday
12. Good luck
13. Welcome to Mongcai.
14. Hello! Hi / Good morning
15. What a fine day it is ! ( câu cảm thán)
16. Bye !
17. Lets not
18. Dont let people cheat you .
19. Let them go.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
advised smb to do smt ( nếu có ý nghĩa khuyên răn )
.

* Th× trong mÖnh ®Ò phô kh«ng ®æi khi:
- §éng tõ trong c©u nãi trùc tiÕp cã thêi gain x¸c ®Þnh: - Mét ch©n lý / might / used to / would rather
Ex: He said , ‘ I was born in 1980’ → He said that he was born in 1980
- C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 2/ 3 / c©u gi¶ ®Þnh wish
Ex: she said ‘ I wish I were rich’ → that she wished she were rich
Chó ý: Cßn nhiÒu trêng hîp, tuú theo ng÷ c¶nh ®Ó thÝch hîp c©u gi¸n tiÕp (thank you so much)
1. ‘I’ve no idea what the time is but I’ll dial 1080 and find out’ said his daughter.
2. he said, ‘ my wife has just been made a judge.’
3. ‘I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready,’ she replied
4. ‘I have a German lesson this afternoon and I haven’t done my homework yet,’ said the boy.
5. ‘If you let the iron get too hot you will scorch your clothes.’ I warned her.
6. ‘You haven’t given me quite enough. The bill is for $16 and you have paid me only $10’ he pointed out.
7. ‘ Do you play the guitar?’ said Peter.
8. ‘Will you have time to play regularly?’ he said .
9. ‘Did you play for your school team?’ said Bill.
10. “Put your pistol on the table,’ said the director.
11. ‘ Please book me a seat in a non- smoker,’ said the traveller.
12. ‘Don’t forget your sandwiches,’ said his mother.
13. ‘ Don’t go near the water, children,’ she said.
14. ‘Search the house,’ said the police.
15. ‘ Don’t make mountains out of molehills,’ he said.
16. ‘ Put down that gun. It is loaded,’ she ordered.
17. ‘ Can the children get dinner at school, John?’ said Janes.
18. ‘ Is there a bus- stop in your town, James ?’ I wanted to know.
19. ‘ How often does it meet?’ George said to her.

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Ti liu Bi dng hc sinh gii Ting Anh lp 9
20. Were your own boys happy here? Linda said to Maria.
21. Open the safe! The raiders order the clerk.

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Ti liu Bi dng hc sinh gii Ting Anh lp 9
1. Type 1 (i u ki n lo i 1): Present Real Conditional (Điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại)
- Cõu iu kin cú thc l cõu m ngi núi dựng din t mt hnh ng hoc mt tỡnh hung thng xy ra (thúi quen) hoc s xy ra (trong
tng lai) nu iu kin mnh chớnh c tho món. Nu núi v tng lai, dng cõu ny c s dng khi núi n mt iu kin cú th thc hin
c hoc cú th xy ra.
Ex: - If he t

r i e s much more, he w ill im pr o

v e his English.
- If I h a v e money, I w ill b u y a new motorbike.
IF CLAUSE (Mnh If)
MAIN CLAUSE (Mnh chớnh)
Simple Present
S + V[-e/es]
S + dont / doesnt + V(inf)
Simple Future
S + will + V(inf)
S + will not + V(inf)
Will + S + V(inf)?
Dng bi tp : V(inf) + OR + Clause (Simple Future)
= Unless you + V(inf) , Clause (Simple Future)
= If you dont + V(inf) , Clause (Simple Future)
Vớ d : Study hard or you will fail the exam.
= Unless you study hard , you will fail the exam. = If you dont study hard , you will fail the exam.
Cut your hair or they wont let you in.
= Unless you cut your hair , they wont let you in. = If you dont cut your hair , they wont let you in.
Ghi chỳ :- Sau mnh If hoc m nh Unless phi cú du phy (,)
- Sau Unless khụng c dựng dng ph nh (Vớ d : khụng c vit Unless you dont write)

* Chỳ ý rng cng cú th th hin mt iu kin khụng cú thc m khụng dựng
if
. Trong trnghp ú, tr ng t
had
c a lờn u cõu, ng

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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
trước chủ ngữ. Mệnh đềđiều kiện sẽ đứng trước mệnh đề chính.
Ex: - Had we k n o

w n that you were there, we w o

u l d h a v e wr i tt

e n you a letter.
- Had h e s t

ud i e d harder for the test, he w o

u l d h a v e passe d it.
Lưu ý: Câu điều kiện không phải lúc nào cũng tuân theo qui luật trên. Trong một số trường hợp đặc biệt, một vế của điều kiện là quá khứ nhưng vế còn
lại có thểở hiện tại (do thời gian qui định).
Ex: - If she h ad caug h t the train, she w o

u l d b e here by n o

w .
TYPE 2,3
(Lo¹i 2,3)


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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
15. If he (work)……………………… hard today can he have a holiday tomorrow?
16. If you (not like)……………………. this one I'll bring you another.
17. She won't open the door unless she (know) ……………………….who it is.
II. Conditional sentences: type 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1 If I had a typewriter I (type)………………… it myself.
2 If I (know)………………………… his address I'd give it to you.
3 He (look) ……………………………a lot better if he shaved more often
4. If he worked more slowly he (not make) ………………………………so many mistakes.
5. I shouldn't drink that wine if I (be) ……………………… you.
6. More tourists would come to this country if it (have)……………………… a better climate
7. If I (win)…………………… a big prize in a lottery I'd give up my job.
8. What you (do)……………………… if you found a burglar in your house?
9. I could tell you what this means if I (know)……………………………. Greek.
10. If he knew that it was dangerous he (not come)……………………………
11. I could get a job easily if I (have) ………………………a degree.
12. If we had more rain our crops (grow)…………………………. faster.
13. What would you do if the lift (get) ……………………… stuck between two floors?
14. If you (paint)………………………… the walls white the room would be much brighter.
15. I'd climb over the wall if there (not be) ……………………….so much broken glass on t of it.
III. Conditional sentences: type 3
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1 If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) …………………… you.
2.You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) ……………………… here last week.
3 I shouldn't have believed it if I (not see)…………………… it with my own eyes.
4 If he had asked you, you (accept)?
5. If I (know) …………………………… that you were coming I'd have baked a cake.
6. If I (had) ……………………….a map I would have been all right.

I. THEORY
DẠNG 1 : NỐI 2 CÂU
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho 2 câu riêng biệt và yêu cầu mình dùng đại từ quan hệ nối chúng lại với nhau. Các bước làm dạng này như sau:
Bước 1 :Chọn 2 từ giống nhau ở 2 câu :Câu đầu phải chọn danh từ, câu sau thường là đại từ ( he ,she ,it ,they )
ví dụ :The man is my father. You met him yesterday.
BƯỚC 2 :Thế who,which vào chữ đã chọn ở câu sau, rồi đem (who ,which ) ra đầu câu The man is my father. You met him yesterday.
Ta thấy him là tan ngu chi người, làm túc từ nên thế whom vào
-> The man is my father.You met whom yesterday.Đem whom ra đầu câu -> The man is my father whom You met yesterday.
Bước 3 :Đem nguyên câu sau đặt ngay phía sau danh từ đã chọn ở câu trước The man is my father. whom You met yesterday
-> The man whom You met yesterday is my father
DẠNG 2 : ĐIỀN VÀO CHỔ TRỐNG
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho sẳn một câu đã được nối với nhau nhưng chừa chỗ trống để hoc sinh điền đại từ quan hệ vào. Các bước làm dạng này như

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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
sau:+ Nhìn danh từ phía trứơc (kế bên chỗ trống) xem người hay vật ( hoặc cả hai ):- Nếu vật thì ta điền WHICH / THAT
The dog __________ runs ( thấy phiá trứoc là dog nên dùng WHICH / THAT)Nếu là : REASON, CAUSE thì dùng WHY
The reason ________ he came ( dùng WHY )Nếu là thơì gian thì dùng WHEN-Nếu là nơi chốn thì dùng WHERE
Lưu ý : - WHEN , WHERE , WHY không làm chủ từ, do đó nếu ta thấy phía sau chưa có chủ từ thì ta phải dùng WHICH / THAT chứ không được dùng
WHEN , WHERE , WHY.Do you know the city _______ is near here ?
Ta nhận thấy city là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội vàng mà điền WHERE vào nhé ( cái này bị dính bẩy nhiều lắm đấy ! ). Hãy nhìn tiếp phía sau và ta thấy kế
bên nó là IS ( động từ ) tức là chữ IS đó chưa có chủ từ, và chữ mà ta điền vào sẽ làm chủ từ cho nó -> không thể điền WHERE mà phải dùng WHICH
/THAT ( nếu không bị cấm kỵ )-> Do you know the city __WHICH / THAT_____ is near here ?
- Nếu ta thấy rõ ràng là thời gian, nơi chốn nhưng xem kỹ phía sau động từ người ta có chừa lại giới từ hay không, nếu có thì không đựoc dùng WHEN ,
WHERE, WHY mà phải dùng WHICH / THAT
The house ________ I live in is nice .Ta thấy house là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội điền WHERE nhé, nhìn sau thấy ngừoi ta còn chừa lại giới từ IN nên
phải dùng WHICH /THAT-> The house ___which/that_____ I live in is nice
Nhưng đôi khi ngưoì ta lại đem giới từ lên để trứoc thì cũng không đựoc dùng WHERE nữa nhé :
The house in ___which_____ I live is nice - Nếu là NGƯỜI thì ta tiếp tục nhìn phía sau xem có chủ từ chưa ? nếu có chủ từ rồi thì ta dùng WHOM /
THAT, nếu chưa có chủ từ thì ta điền WHO / THAT.

5. Khi nào bắt buộc dùng THAT- Khi danh từ mà nó thay thế gồm 2 danh từ trở lên trong đó vừa có ngừơi vừa có vật
The men and the horses that That thay thế cho : người và ngựa
6. Khi nào nên dùng THAT- Khi đầu câu là IT trong dạng nhấn mạnh (Cleft sentences) It is My father that made the table.
- Khi đứng trước đó là : all, both, each, many, most, neither, none, part, someone, something, so sánh nhất
There is something that must be done This the most beautiful girl that I've ever met.
II. Exercises:Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns
1. Brenda is a friend.I went on holiday with her > ……………………………………………
2. This is Mr Smith. His son Bill plays in our team >………………………………………………
3. Her book was published last year. It became a best seller >………………………………………………
4.This is the bank. We borrowed the money from it >……………………………………………….
5. I told you about a person. She is at the door >……………………………………………….
6. Jack’s car had broken down. He had to take a bus >………………………………………………
7. I lent you a book. The book was written by one my friends >………………………………………………
8. Some boys were arrested. They have been released >………………………………………………….
9. Do you know a restaurant? We can have a good meal there >………………………………………………….
10. I don’t remember the day. I left school on that day >…………………………………………………
11/ This is the man. I met him in Paris
12/ I wanted the painting. You bought it
13/ This is the chair. My parents gave it to me
14/ She’s the woman. She telephoned the police
15/ He’s the person. He wanted to buy your house
16/ We threw out the computer. It never worked properly
17/ Are you the man ? The man won the first prize
18/ The man was badly injured. He was driving the car
19/ The children broke the window. They live in the next street
20/ That’s the woman. I was telling you about her
21/ Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other

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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9

10) There are six reports which have to be typed today. -There are six reports to be typed today.
Bai tap II) Combine these pairs of sentences, using the relative pronoun.
a. The student is from China. He studies Vietnamese.
b. We are learning sentences. They contain adjective clauses.
c. The girl is smart. Her eyes are bright.

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Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
d. Saturday is the day. Boys and girls go together on that day.
e. This is the village. I was born in it.
f. I' ve sent him to letters. He has received neither of them.
g. Last year I visited a country. It is very beautiful.
h. In the middle of the village there is a well. The villagers take water from this well to drink.
1) Combine these pairs of sentences, using the relative pronoun.
a. The student is from China. He studies Vietnamese.=>The student who studies Vietnamese is from China.
b. We are learning sentences. They contain adjective clauses.=>We are learning sentences which contain adjective clauses.
c. The girl is smart. Her eyes are bright.=> The girl whose eyes are bright is smart.
d. Saturday is the day. Boys and girls go together on that day.=> Saturday is the day on which Boys and girls go together.
e. This is the village. I was born in it.=>This is the village where I was born.
f. I' ve sent him two letters. He has received neither of them.=> I' ve sent him two letters neither of which He has received .
g. Last year I visited a country. It is very beautiful.=> Last year I visited a country which is very beautiful.
h. In the middle of the village there is a well. The villagers take water from this well to drink.
=> In the middle of the village there is a well from which The villagers take water to drink.

PERIOD6 côm tõ vµ mÖnh ®Ò trong tiÕng anh
* Clauses and phrases:
 Noun + be + adj è The/ (her, his, their … ) + Adj + noun
 Pronoun + be +Adj è The/ (her, his, their … ) + Noun ( of the adj )
 Pronoun + Verb + (adv) è The/ (her, his, their … ) + Adj (of the adv) + Noun ( of the verb)
 Pronoun +Verb + (O) è V-ing ( same Subject)

1.(Because/So / Because of) Pelly was tired , he went to bed.
2. .He passed the exam ( because / so / because of ) he had a good teacher.
3.We stayed in ( because / because of ) the rain.
4 He was able to go to university ( because / because of) his aunts help.
5.The price of oranges is high, __________ frost damage. (because, because of)
II.> Phrases and clauses of concession .( Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ sự nh ợng bộ)
1>. Cụm từ chỉ sự nhợng bộ thờng đợc bắt đầu bằng giới từ : Inspite of/ Despite ( mặc dù , cho dù)
In spite of
Despite + N/ N phrase / Gerund phrase.
Ex: - The woman tries to climb the mountain even though she is old. The woman tries to climb the mountain inspite of her old age.
- Although Nga is tired, she still begins her work on time. Despite being tired, Nga still begins her work on time.
Mệnh đề có Inspite of/ Despite + Noun/ Noun Phrase (concession) có thể đợc đặt ở sau mệnh đề chính.
2 Clauses of concession = Adverbial clauses of Concession ( mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhợng bộ)
a. mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhợng bộ là mệnh đề phụ chỉ sự tơng phản của hai hành động trong câu. Mệnh đề này thờng bắt
đầu bằng từ nối : Athough , Even though, No matter, Whatever, ( Dù , cho dù).

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Ti liu Bi dng hc sinh gii Ting Anh lp 9
b. Cấu Trúc :
1.
Although/ though / even though + Clause
Ex:
1. Although the weather was very bad, we had a picnic.
2. No matter + who/ what/ when/ where/ why/ how ( adj/ adv) + S + V
Whatever (+N) + S +V
Note : Mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng No Matter or whatever th ờng đợc đặt trớc mệnh đề chính.
Ex : No matter who you are, I still love you.No matter what she says, I dont believe her.
Whatever others may say, you are certainly right.
N0tes.: Though, Although, Even Though, Even If
+ But , Despite , In Spite Of ( Adj + Noun , V-Ing , Possessive + Noun, The + Noun)

2
+ V ( S chổ ngửụứi)-> In spite of + Possessive adj / possessive case + NOUN + , S
2
+ V
Ex: Although he was ill, he still went to work. ( although) -> In spite of his illness, he still went to work.
d/ Although +IT + BE+ ADJ + S
2
+ V -> In spite of + THE + NOUN + , S
2
+ V ( Nounchũ thụứi tieỏt )
* Noun + Y = Adj ( fog, rain, storm, sun, cloud, snow, wind, )
Ex: Although it was foggy, the flight was not delayed. ( although) -> In spite of the fog, the flight was not delayed.
e/ Although + S + V + NOUN = Whatever + NOUN + S + V,
Ex: We must study well though we have any kinds of difficulties. ( whatever) -> Whatever ( kinds of ) difficulties we have, we must study well .
f/ Whatever + NOUN + S + V = No Matter What + NOUN + S + V,
Ex: No matter what experience he has , he cant repair that machine. -> Whatever experience he has , he cant repair that machine.
Exercises:
I. Combine each pair of sentences below, using the conjuntion given in parentheses:
1. She is very rich. He isnt happy > Although
2. She is very rich. He isnt happy > No matter
3. She cant answer my question. She is very intelligent > Although
4. He does anything. He is always tries his best. No matter

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Ti liu Bi dng hc sinh gii Ting Anh lp 9
5. She says anything. I dont believe her. ( No matter
6. He tried . He was not successful. -> Although
III> . Phrases and clauses fo purpose.
(Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.)
1.Nếu muốn diễn tả mục đích khẳng định, ta dun một cụm từ bắt đầu bằng to , In order to , so as to.

Tài liệu Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 9
Notes: Khi ®éng tõ trong mƯnh ®Ị chÝnh ë th× present th× ta dïng will/ can ë mƯnh ®Ị chØ mơc ®Ých.“ ”
Khi ®éng tõ trong mƯnh ®Ị chÝnh ë th× qu¸ khø th× ta dïng would/ could ë mƯnh ®Ị chØ mơc ®Ých.
So That , In Order That, In Case……… + To – Inf, In Order To- Inf, So As Not To – Inf.
Ex: David signed the paper. He wanted to work at the construction company. -> David signed the paper so that he wanted to work at the construction
company. -> David signed the paper ( in order to ) to work at the construction company.
1/ S
1
+ V ………………………. S
2
+ want / hope + To-V
1
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….So That + S
2
+ can / could + V
1
-> S
1
+ V ………………………. + To/ In order to-V
1
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….So As Not + To-V
1
( Khi mđề sau ở phủ đònh)
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….LEST + S

3. Mr Thompson is learning Vietnamese. He wishes to read the Tale of Kieu > Mr Thompson is learning Vietnamese in order to read the “ Tale of Kieu”
4. Please shut the door. I don’t want the dog to go out of the house > Please shut the door so that the dog won’t go out of the house.
5. The farmer built a high wall around his garden. The fruits wouldn’t be stolen >
IV.
Phrases and clauses of result
. ( Cơm tõ vµ mƯnh ®Ị chØ kÕt qu¶)
I. Phrases of result: Cơm tõ chØ kÕt qu¶ thêng cã Too (Qu¸) hc Enough ( §đ).“ ” “ ”
1. Too : ( qu¸ kh«ng thĨ)
S + be ( look, seem, become, get ) + too + adj ( + for + O) + To do st.
S + V(Thêng) + too + adv + ( for + O) + to do st.
Ex : He is too short to play basketball. Tom ran too slowly to become the winner of the race.
This book is too dull for you to read. Lu ý ; Too thêng ®ỵc dïng trong c©u cã nghÜa phđ ®Þnh : qu¸ Kh«ng thĨ“ ”
2.Enough: ( ®đ ®Ĩ cã thĨ)
S + be + adj + enough ( +for + O) + to do st.
S + V + adv + enough ( + for+ O) + to do st.

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Ti liu Bi dng hc sinh gii Ting Anh lp 9
Ex : Mary isnt old enough to drive a car.She speaks English well enough to be an interpreter. It is cold enough to wear a heavy jacket.
II> Clauses of Result : Adverbial clauses of result.( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả là mệnh đề phụ để chỉ kết quả do hành động của mệnh đề chính gây ra.
1. So That. ( quá đến nỗi).
S + Be + so + adj + that + S + V
main clause adverbial clause of result
Ex : It was so dark that I couldnt see anything.The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
Chú ý : Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là các động từ chỉ tri giác nh ; look, appear, seem, taste, smell, sound , ta dùng công thức nh Be.
The little girl looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for her.
1 Dựng vi tớnh t v phú t:
Terry ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.Judy worked so diligently that she received an increase in salary.
She is so beautiful that anyone sees her once will never forget her.The little boy looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for him

or otherwise
And furthermore
And therefore
But nevertheless
But anyway
+ Nếu nối giữa hai mệnh đề, đằng trước chúng phải có dấu phẩy He was exhausted, and therefore his judgement was not very good.
+ Nhưng nếu nối giữa hai từ đơn thì không The missing piece is small but nevertheless significant.

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