Unit 1, 3, 9
1 To do or complete something. To carry out <v>
2 The system of taxing people. Taxation <n>
3 The amount of money you have available to spend. Budget <n>
4 Firmly fixed or not likely to move or change. Stable <adj>
5 Government or all ordinary people. Public <adj or n>
6 The systematic distribution of a limited quantity resources
over various time periods
Allocation <n>
7 To provide the money needed for something to happen. To finance <v>
8 To carry out, to put a plan or system into operation. To implement <v>
9 Limiting the freedom of someone or preventing something
from growing.
Restrictive <adj>
10 A useful or valuable quality, skill or person. Asset <n>
11 To persuade someone to do something. To induce <v>
12 Property in the form of land or buildings. Real – estate <n>
13 Too much Excessive <adj>
14 In the end Eventually <adv>
15 Someone who takes part in an activity Participant (n)
16 Cause to occur rapidly Rush (v)
17 Act in such a way as to have an effect on each other Interact (v)
18 A person or organization that uses goods or service. Consumer (n)
19 Advantage; additional benefits that consumers receive when
purchasing
Well-being (n)
20 Materials, resourcefulness; available things in nature can use
it when we need
Resources (n)
21 To suppose; give opinions for people to consider. Assume (v)
22 Capable of being exchanged for another or for something

that noise.
Foodstuff (n)
Any substance that is used as food or
to make food
They lack basic foodstuffs, such as bread
and milk.
Insurance (n)
An agreement in which you pay
company money and they pay your
costs if you have an accident, injury,
etc. life/health/car/travel insurance
The insurance doesn't cover you for (=
include) household items
Net (adj)
Left when there is nothing else to be
subtracted
I earn £15 000 gross, but my net income
(= income that is left after tax has been
paid) is about £12 000
Resident (n)
A person who lives or has their home
in a place
The hotel bar was only open to residents
Express (v)
To show a feeling, opinion or fact I would like to express my thanks for your
kindness.
Survive (v) To continue to live or exist Of six people injured in the crash, only two
survived.
Raw material (n) A base material that is used to make
the product

is not very good.
Intend (v) Have as one’s purpose We intend to visit my parents
nextweekend.
Fairly (adv) Moderately or quietly He works fairly well.
Back up To reinforce All people in a town back up him to
become a president.
Afford (v) Can or able to do sth If the apartment discount fifty
pecent, i afford to buy it.
Doubt (n or v) Uncertainly, undecided state of mind He doubt at I am not telling the
truth.
Desire (n or v) Expression a wish I desire to speak english well.
Intend (v) Have as one’s purpose We intend to go camping.
Make sense (v) Be intelligible or practicable Her explain makes sense so she
were chosen.
Supply (v) To provide something that is wanted or needed,
often in large quantities and over a long period
of time
Electrical power is supplied by
underground cables
Existence (n) When something or someone exists Many people question the existence
of God
Percentage (n) An amount of something, often expressed as a What percentage of women return
number out of 100 to work after having a baby?
Extract (v) A substance taken from a plant, flower, etc. and
used especially in food or medicine
They used to extract iron ore from
this site.
Parallel (v) To happen at the same time as something else,
or be similar or equal to something else
The events of the last ten days in

Keep track of
(v)
Keep (or fail to keep) fully aware of or informed
about
She had keep all track of time and
had fallen asleep
Inflow (n) The movement of a large number of people or
things or a large amount of money into a place
-Enormous inflows of foreign
investment
- the inflow of migrant workers
Outflow (n) A large amount of money, liquid, or people that
moves or its transferred out of a place
-an outflow of foreign currency
-capital outflow took place on a
very large scale
Bottom line (n) The final total of an account or balance sheet The rise in turnover failed to add to
the company’ bottom line
Merchandise
(n)
Goods to be bought and sold Shops which offered an astonishing
range of merchandise
Load (v) Fill (a vehicle, ship, container, etc.) with a large
amount of something
They go to Calais to load up their
vans with cheap beer
Cross (v) Go or extend across or to the other side of (an
area, stretch of water, etc)
She has crossed the Atlantic twice
Unprofitable

have a certain value
Update (V) -Bring up to date; supply with recent information
She always updates new trends in
fashion field in over the world
Decline (V) Go down in value
Currently, the price of rice is
declining gradually
Expect (V) Look forward somebody or something
They are expecting another child in
January
Investor (N)
Someone who commits capital in order to gain
financial returns
Investors always want to earn
much money as much as possible
Event (N)
Something that happens at a given place and
time
She takes part in many important
event in the music field
Chaos (N) -A state of extreme confusion and disorder
During periods of economic chaos,
traders and investors try to buy
hard currencies which is expected
to keeps it value in time of trouble
Constantly
(adv)
Always, unfailingly, at any time, all the time Our leaders constantly bear in
mind the welfare of our nation
Spread (n or v) Not equal The spread of the gap between rich

/ kraɪsɪs /
A time of great danger, difficulty The Third World debt
crisis
Khủng hoảng
booming
/ buming /
a sudden increase in trade and
economic activity
a booming in house
prices
Bùng nổ
Compete to try to be more successful or Several companies are Cạnh tranh với
with
/ kəmpit wɪð
better than sb else Competing for the
contract
Bid up
/ bɪd ʌp/
To offer to pay a
particular price for sth
She bid up $10 000 for
the painting.
Tăng giá
Lead to
/ lid /

To go with or in front of a person to
show the way
Let me lead the way. Dẫn đến
runaway

Hai con số
Response (n)
/rɪˈspɒns/
an answer or reaction Responses to our
advertisement have
been disappointing.
câu trả lời,
phản ứng
Austerity (n)
/ɔːˈster.ɪ.ti/
a situation when people do
not have much money to
spend because there are bad
economic conditions
ex: austerity measures
and economic reforms
thắt lưng buộc
bụng
Surge
/ sɜdʒ /
( of prices, profits, etc. ) to
suddenly increase in value
Share prices surged. Tăng mạnh
Circulation
/ sɜkjəleɪʃn /
the movement of blood
around the body
circulation of
commodities(hh)
Sự lưu thông

Afterwards
The fact of a lot of people,
money or things arriving
somewhere
Sự chảy đến, xô
đến
Desirable (adj)
/dɪˈzaɪərəbl/
Worth having or doing The house has many
desirable featur
Thèm muốn,
khao khát
Extent (n)
/ɪkˈstent/
how large, important,
serious
It is difficult to assess
the full extent of the
damage.
khoảng rộng,
khu vực
Austerity
/ ɒsterəti /
a situation when people do
not have much money to
spend because there are bad
economic conditions
Austerity policy
Chính sách cắt giảm
Chặt chẽ

sth to make sth continue at
the same level, standard,
etc.
The two countries have
always maintained close
relations.
Duy trì
Outstanding
/ aʊtstændɪŋ /
not yet paid, done, solved,
etc
We decided to leave the
debt outstanding.
Chưa được chi
trả
Accomplish
/ əkʌmplɪʃ /
to succeed in doing or
completing sth
I don't feel I've
accomplished very
much today.
Hoàn thành
Agricultural
/ æɡrɪkʌltʃə(r) /
farming Thuộc nông
nghiệp
Disease
/ dɪziz /
something that is very