HC VIN CÔNG NGH BU CHÍNH VIN THÔNG TING ANH
CHUYÊN NGÀNH QTKD
(Dùng cho sinh viên h đào to đi hc t xa)
Lu hành ni b HÀ NI - 2006

HC VIN CÔNG NGH BU CHÍNH VIN THÔNG


Cun sách ln đu tiên ra mt nên khó tránh khi nhng khim khuyt, rt mong nhn đc
s đóng góp ý kin ca đc gi và hc viên gn xa.
Chúng tôi xin chân thành cám n các bn đng nghip cng nh Ban lãnh đo Hc vin và
Trung tâm đào to Bu chính vi
n thông I đã to điu kin giúp đ đ chúng tôi hoàn thành tt
cun sách này.

Xin trân trng cám n.

Hà Ni, tháng 12 nm 2006
Nhóm tác gi


Unit 1: Economic activity 3
UNIT 1. ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
I. INTRODUCTION
Bn bt đu hc bài đu tiên ca phn ting Anh chuyên ngành Qun tr kinh doanh. Bài
đc b cc theo trình t nh sau: mc đích, bài đc 1, phn thc hành ngôn ng, bài đc 2, bài
luyn nghe, tóm tt ni dung bài hc, bng t vng, phn bài tp và đáp án cho tt c các bài tp.
Bn nên đc k mc đích ca bài hc. Phn này giúp bn bit đc ni dung s hc trong
bài. Khi bn đã nm rõ đc nhng ni dung này thì có ngha là bn đã đt đc mc đích ca bài
hc.
Trong bài 1 bn s hc v các hot đng kinh t: th nào là hot đng kinh t và các hot
đng kinh t to nên cái gì…
II. UNIT OBJECTIVES
Bài hc này bao gm các mc đích sau:
- T vng có liên quan đn lnh vc hot đng kinh t

dng các thông tin đã cho trong bài đc. Khi tr li các câu hi, bn vit tt các các câu tr li đó
ra, sau đó kim tra li trong phn đáp án xem đã đúng cha. Cui cùng bn hãy tp nói nhng câu
đã tr li cho tht thành tho và đc li bài khoá mt ln na trc khi chuyn sang phn tip
theo.
Exercise 1
1. Why do most people work?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What do they produce?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Where are goods produced?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. What do schools, hospitals and shops provide?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. What two different things can a man buy in, for example, a garage?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. What do we call the work which people do?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. What is an economic system the sum-total of?
…………………………………………………………………………………………..…
8. What two things can work provide for the worker?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
Exercise 2
Trong bài tp s 2, bn hãy đi các câu sau ging nh ví d đã cho. Trong trng hp này
c 2 câu đu có ngha nh nhau đu ch ra kh nng có th trong tng lai.
Unit 1: Economic activity 5
Example: Perhaps he will come.
He may come.
6
Ch ng Tân ng S hu
Ch ngi who whom whose
Ch vt which
what
that which
what
that whose
of which

Chúng ta có 2 câu đn:
Jack is a good boy. (Jack là mt đa tr ngoan.)
He is never idle. (Nó không bao gi li nhác.)
Chúng ta có th kt hp 2 câu riêng r này thành mt câu theo 2 cách khác nhau:
(a) Jack is a good boy and he is never idle.
(b) Jack is a good boy who is never idle.
Câu (a) là câu tp hp, câu (b) là câu phc hp. Rõ ràng là who làm công vic ca đi t
(thay th cho danh t boy) và ca liên t (ni 2 câu đn tr thành 2 mnh đ trong câu phc hp).
Boy là t đng trc ca who. Mnh đ bt
đu vi who là mnh đ ph quan h (relative clause),
và vì nó b ngha cho danh t boy, tc là làm công vic ca mt tính t, nên cng gi là mnh đ
ph tính t (adjective clause).
2.1. Who, whom, whose
a. Dùng cho ngi
- The man who spoke to you is my brother. (Ngi đã nói chuyn vi anh là anh trai ca
tôi.) (ch ng)
- The man to whom you spoke is my brother. (Ngi mà anh đã nói chuyn là anh tôi)
(tân ng)

- I have a pen the point of which is broken. (Tôi có cái bút mà đu ngòi bút b gãy).
Chú ý : trong ting Anh hin đi, whose đc dùng thay th cho “of which”
- The pen whose point was broken has been mended. (Cái bút mà đu ngòi bút b gãy đã
đc sa li).
2.4. What
a. Làm ch ng
- What is good for one person is not always good for another. (iu gì tt cho mt ngi
không phi luôn luôn tt cho mt ngi khác.)
b. Làm tân ng
-
Tell me what you want. (Hãy cho tôi bit anh cn cái gì.)
- I do not understand what he said. (Tôi không hiu điu anh ta nói.)
c. ôi khi đc dùng đ nhn mnh
- What you need is a holiday. (iu anh cn là mt ngày ngh.)
- What they ought to do is save more money. (iu h phi làm là đ dành nhiu tin
hn.)
2.5. That
a. Dùng thay th cho “who, whom. which”
- The man that (= who) stands at the door is my father. (Ngi đng  ca là cha tôi.)
- The man that (= whom) you see is my father. (Ngi mà anh thy là cha tôi.)
Unit 1: Economic activity 8
- The house that (= which) you see is my father’s. (Ngôi nhà mà anh thy là ca cha tôi.)
b. “That” không đng sau gii t
So sánh:
This is the house
of which
I spoke

f. That đc dùng khi t đng trc gm c ngi ln vt
- The book was about the men and the animals that the author had met on his travel.
(Quyn sách y nói v ngi và nhng con vt mà tác gi đã gp trong chuyn du lch
ca ông ta.)
g. That dùng sau đi t nghi vn who và what
Unit 1: Economic activity 9
- Who is that person that you must respect? (Ngi y là ai mà anh phi kính trng?)
- What is this that worries you so? (ó là vic gì mà làm anh lo lng đn th?)
h. That dùng sau ln m đu bng It is, It was
- It is the teacher that is imporant, not the kind of school he teaches in. (chính thy giáo
mi quan trng, ch không phi trng mà thy giáo dy.)
- Was it you that broke the window? (Có phi anh đã làm v ca s không?)
Sau khi bn đã đc k phn cu trúc 1, bn hãy làm các bài tp sau đây:
Exercise 1
Combine these pairs of sentences as in the example ( Bn hãy ni 2 câu thành m
t câu có s
dng đi t quan h which theo nh ví d mu.)
Example: The services are useful. The workers provide services.
The services which the workers provide are useful.

a. The goods are essential. They need the goods.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. The schools and hospitals are essential. They provide schools and hospitals.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. The goods are valuable. He buys the goods.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. The money buys essential commodities. People can earn this money.

h. The taxi driver was friendly. He took me to the airport.
………………………………………………………………………………………………

Exercise 3: Vit li các câu sau s dng đi t quan h whose
a. I apologized to the woman. I spilled her coffee.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. The man called the police. His wallet was stolen.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. I met the woman. Her husband is the president of the corporation.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. The professor is excellent. I am taking her course.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
e. Mr. North teaches a class for students. Their native language is not English.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
f. I come from a country. Its history goes back thousands of years.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
g. The people were nice. We visited their house.
Unit 1: Economic activity 11
………………………………………………………………………………………………
h. I live in a dormitory. Its residents come from many countries.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
i. I have to call the man. I accidently picked up his umbrella after the meeting.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
j. The man poured a glass of water on his face. His beard caught on fire when he lit a
cigarrette.
………………………………………………………………………………………………


is the sum-total of what people do and what people want. The work people undertake either
provides what people need or provides the money with which they can buy essential commodities.
Of course, most people hope to earn enough money to buy commodities and services which are
non-essential but provide some particular personal satisfaction, like toys for children, visits to the
cinema.
Exercise 1
Trong bài tp này có 10 câu, bn hãy quyt đnh xem câu nào đúng, câu nào sai và sa li
câu sai cho đúng.
1. Most people produce either goods or services.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Services are either agricultural or manufactured.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Education and medicine are provided by schools and hospitals.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Cars and paper are agricultural goods.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Paper is non- agricultural commodity.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The work which people do is called an economic system.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. A city has its own economic system.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Economic activity is the sum-total of what people do and want.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. The work people undertake provides them with money, or with what they need.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Most people do not want to buy non-essential commodities and services.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2
Trong bài tp s 2, bn s làm bài luyn thêm vi các đi t which và that. Bn hãy thay th

2.2:
a. The goods which they wanted were essential minerals.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. The schools and hospitals which they provide are essential.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. The goods which he buys are valuable.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. The money which the people earned bought many commodities.
Unit 1: Economic activity 14
………………………………………………………………………………………………
e. The goods and services which people produce are very useful.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
f. The work which we all do is called economic activity.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
g. The work which most people do provides them with money.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
h. The economic activities which people undertake make up the economic system of a town,
city, country or a larger area.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
i. The economic system which people belong to is the sum-total of their needs and actions.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
j. The work which he undertook was useful but non-essential.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 3: Dch bài đc 2 sang ting Vit. Nu gp t mi nào mà bn còn cha rõ ngha
thì hãy tra li t trong phn Vocabulary.
4. LISTENING: Introducing Transworld
Ann Bell làm vic cho vn phòng Transworld Freight  Manchester. Cô y đang nói

o. She handled airfreight.
p. He dealt with customers’ accounts.

Now say the past tense of these regular and irregular verbs like this:
Laboratory
P: Do R: Did

Exercise 2: Present simple and present progressive
Write and read your answers to Exercise 1 in the present, like this:

P: What does Anne do?
P: What else does she do?
P: What’s Nick doing in the picture?
P: What else is he doing?
R: She takes shorthand.
R: She types letters.
R: He’s sitting at a table.
R: He's eating a sandwich.
Laboratory drill A
P: Nick’s sitting at a table.
He’s typing a letter.
P: Sandra works in reception.
Laboratory drill B
P: She handled airfreight.
Laboratory drill C
P: He sat at a table.

R: Oh? What’s he doing exactly?

R: Oh? What does she do exactly?

P: Could you send a price list please?
Laboratory drill B
P: Send a price list

R: I'll send it at once.

R: Could you send a price list please?
Exercise 5 Telephone enquiries
Listen to the disk and fill in the missing words in this telephone conversation
Transworld: Transworld. Can I help you?
Caller:
1
........... I saw your
2
................... for a junior accounts clerk in this morning's paper.
T: Oh yes.
Unit 1: Economic activity 17
C:
3
.................... to apply for the
4
.....................
5
.................... send me an application form
please?
T: Certainly.
C: And could you tell me

assistant manager n phó phòng, tr lý trng phòng
assume v gi đnh
assumption n gi đnh
belong to v thuc v ai…
bill n hoá đn
business firm n hãng kinh doanh
commodity n hàng hoá
coordinate v phi hp, điu phi
Unit 1: Economic activity 18
correspondence n th tín
customs clerk n nhân viên hi quan
customs documentation n chng t hi quan
customs official n viên chc hi quan
decision-making adj ra quyt đnh
derive from v thu đc t
docks n bn tàu
earn one’s living expr kim sng
either…….. or conj hoc…hoc
essential adj quan trng, thit yu
export manager n trng phòng xut khu
exports n hàng xut khu
farm n trang tri
freight forwarder n đi lý, (hãng, ngi) chuyn hàng
given adj nht đnh
goods n hàng hoá
handle v x lý, buôn bán
household n h gia đình

sum-total n tng
transform v chuyn đi, bin đi, thay đi
undertake v tri qua
utility n đ tho dng
well-being adj phúc li
CONSOLIDATION EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Read the following passage and do the exercises
Competitive market capitalism contains two major decision-making units whose actions are
coordinated through market exchange. The first is the business firm, which buys resources from
households and transforms resource inputs into outputs of products and services that it sells to
households. The second is the household, which owns and sells resources to firms and purchases
outputs from them.
The two kinds of market relations, as well as the two basic units of economic decesion-
making, are interdependent. The demand for resource inputs is derived from the demand for final
products because firms produce to sell (at a profit) to consumers. Resource inputs, in turn, are
required to create outputs. Consumers are able and willing to purchase products because they
have incomes. Consumers obtain income through the sale or loan of their resource to firms, who
in turn organize and coordinate factors of production to produce outputs from these outputs.
Competitive market captalism is based on some basic assumptions. One assumption is that
both firms and households desire to maximize their economic well-being through market
Unit 1: Economic activity 20
exchange. Business firms are assumed to pursue profit maximization and households try to
maximize utility or satisfaction. Both try to buy at the lowest possible price (for a given quality of
goods) and to sell at the highest possible price. The other major assumption is that markets are
competitive, which means there are many buyers and sellers, products are substituable, buyers and
sellers have a lot of knowledge of the market and resources are able to move freely between users.
Exercise 1.1: Answer the following questions based on the above text

21
4. Who (paragraph 2): ……………………………………………………………………
5. Which (paragraph 3): ……………………………………………………………………
Exercise 2: Read the text and answer the following questions.
Economics is a science. This science is based upon on the facts of our everyday lives.
Economists study our everyday lives. They study the system which affects our lives. The
economists try to describe the facts of the economy in which we live. He tries to explain how the
system works. His method should be objective and scientific. We need food, clothes and shelter.
If we could get food, clothes and shelter without working, we probably would not work. But even
when we have these essential things, we may want other things. If we had them, these other things
(like radios, books and toys for the children) might make life more enjoyable. The science of
economics is concerned with all our material needs and wants. It is not just concerned with basic
needs like food, clothes and shelter.
1. What is economics?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What is it based upon?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. What two things do economists study?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What do they try to do?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. What do they try to explain?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. What should the methods of the economists be like?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. What three essential things do we need?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. What would happen if we could get these essentials without working?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. What might make life more enjoyable?

economic system of which we are part. They try to describe the facts of our economy in which we
live, and explain how it all works. The economist’s methods should of course be strictly objective
and scientific.
We need food, clothes and shelter. We probably would not go to work if we could satisfy
these basic needs without working. But even when we have satisfied such basic needs, we may
still want other things. Our lives may be more enjoyable if we had such things as radios, books
and toys for the children. Human beings certainly have a wide and very complex range of wants.
The science of economics is concerned with all our material needs: it is concerned with the desire
to have a radio as well as the basic necessity of having enough food to eat.
1. Economics is a scientific study.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Economists try to understand only part of the economic system.
Unit 1: Economic activity 23
………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. If we could satisfy our basic need without working, we would still work.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Radios, books and toys are basic commodities.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The range of human wants is very complex.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Clothes and shelter are non-essential human needs.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Economic studies are essentially non-scientific.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Economists study the general life of our communities.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 6: Translate the text in the exercise 5 into Vietnamese