ngữ pháp cơ bản tiếng anh lớp 8 học kì II
1. Cách sử dụng của " in order (not) to và so as (not) to + V ":
in order (not) to + V (để,nhằm mục đích làm (hoặc không) làm gì )
so as (not) to
VD : I get up early in order to / so as to go to the class on time
I get up early in order not to be late for the class.
2. Thì t ơng lai đơn giản :
a, Diễn tả hành động sẽ sảy ra trong tơng lai :
Từ nhận biết : tomorrow , next+ thời gian, in the future , in 2015,in 2020
( + ) S + will/ shall +V
(-) S + will/ shall + not +V Yes ,S + will / shall
(?) Will/ shall + S + +V ?
No,S + will / shall + not
Viết tắt: will not = won't ; shall not = shan't
b , thì tơng lai đơn giản diễn tả lời hứa :
VD: Lan promises . She will study harder
c , thì tơng lai đơn giản diễn tả lời đề nghị , yêu cầu:
VD: Will you turn on the light please? - sure.
Shall I get you a drink ? - No, thanks.
3. Mệnh đề tính từ:
a, Adjective + an infinitive ( tính từ đi với động từ nguyên thể )
VD: It is difficult to answer these questions
It + be + adj + to + V
b,Tính từ + mệnh đề that
VD: She is happy that she is the best student in the class.
S + be + adjective + That + S + V(chia theo thì của câu) (mệnh đề tính từ)
4. Câu bị động ;
a. Thì hiện tại đơn : S + is , am , are + VpII + + ( by + o )
b, Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn : S + is , am , are + being + VpII + + ( by + O)
c, Thì hiện tại hoàn thành : S + have/ has + been + VpII + + (by + O)
d, Thì quá khứ đơn : S + was/ were + VpII + + ( by + O )

Form: S + Was/ Were + Ving
Cách nhận biết: + at 8.00 yesterday ,/ last / ago/ in the past ; at this time + yesterday ,/ last / ago
When + S + V(ed) ; S + Was/ Were + Ving
S + Was/ Were + Ving While + S + Was/ Were + Ving
cách sử dụng: diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong qúa khứ,hoặc diễn tả một hành
động đang diễn ra trong qúa khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào.hay hai hành động cùng sảy ra
8. Câu gián tiếp :
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a, Statements ( câu khẳng định và câu phủ định): S + said +( that) + S + V(lùi một thì)
b.Câu hỏi đoán: Yes / No questions : S + asked + If /whether+ S + V (lùi một thì)
c. Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi : S + asked + Wh - + S + V (lùi một thì)
d,Câu yêu cầu , đề nghị: S + asked/ told / requested +O +(not) to + V(nguyên thể)
Cách lùi thì của động từ:
+ HTĐ QKĐ + QKĐ QKHT
+ HTHT QKHT + Will Would
+ HTTD QKTD + Can Could
+ May might + Ought to / should giữ nguyên.
+Must had to
9. Các chủ ngữ , tân ngữ , đại từ sở hữu phải chuyển trong câu gián tiếp:
I he/ she You I , We We they
my his/ her you me/ us our their
me him/ her your my/ our us them
Danh từ riêng , they, it Không phải chuyển (,giữ nguyên.)
Cách chuyển các trạng từ chỉ thời gian , và đại từ bất định:
tomorrow the next day/ the following day here there
next + thời gian the following + thời gian now then
yesterday the day before / the previous day today that day
thời gian+ ago the previous+ thời gian this that
last + thời gian the previous+ thời gian
10, Những động từ ,từ theo sau + to + V : agree,/arrange

She works hard.

3. Tính từ + Mệnh đề
Một số tính từ chỉ cảm giác như: glad, happy, pleased, delighted, excited, sorry, disappointed, amazed, có
thể có một mệnh đề theo sau
Ex: We are glad that everyone came back home safely.
TAG QUESTIONS - (Câu hỏi đuôi)
1. Qui tắc chung: Câu nói và phần đuôi luôn ở dạng đối nhau
- câu nói khẳng định → phần đuôi phủ định
- câu nói phủ định → phần đuôi khẳng định
Ex: Mary can’t drive a car, can she?
Children like playing with sand, don’t they?
Note: Khi câu nói có từ phủ định như: seldom, rarely, hardly, no, never, phần đuôi phải ở dạng khẳng định
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Ex: He seldom goes to the movies, does he?
Your son has never told lies, has he?
2. Trường hợp đặc biệt:
- Phần đuôi của “I am” là “aren’t I”
Ex: I am going to do it again, am I?
- Câu mệnh lệnh có phần đuôi là “WON’T YOU” để diễn tả lời mời và có phần đuôi là “WILL YOU” để
diễn tả lời yêu cầu
Ex: Have a piece of cake, won’t you?
Open the door, will you?
- Phần duôi của câu “Let’s” là “Shall we”
Ex: Let’s go swimming, shall we?
So sánh hơn, so sánh nhất
1. So sánh hơn:
a. Tính từ ngắn:
S + V + adj+ER + than ….
Ex: This book is smaller than that book.

Ex: She is busier than me.
This is the easiest exercise in the test.
WISH CLAUSES - (Mệnh đề mong ước)
Có 3 dạng câu mong ước:
- Mong ước không thật ở hiện tại:
Khẳng định: S + wish(es) + S + V2/-ed + O (to be: were / weren’t)
Phủ định: S + wish(es) + S + didn’t + V1

- Mong ước không thật ở quá khứ:
Khẳng định: S + wish(es) + S + had + V3/-ed
Phủ định: S + wish(es) + S + hadn’t + V3/-ed

- Mong ước không thật trong tương lai
Khẳng định: S+ wish(es) + S + would + V1
Phủ định: S + wish(es) + S + wouldn’t + V1

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Ex: 1. I wish I were on the beach now.
2. She wishes she could speak French.
3. My parents didn’t understand me.
– I wish my parents had understood me.
4. I don’t have a computer.
– I wish I had a computer.
5. What a pity! She won’t come with us tomorrow.
– We wish she would come with us tomorrow.
ADVERB CLAUSES OF RESULT - (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả bắt đầu bằng các từ so, therefore (vì vậy, vì thế)
Ex:
1/ He can’t go to school because he is ill.
→ He is ill, so he can’t go to school.

On 14
th
February
On this / that day
- dùng chỉ buổi trong ngày
On Sunday evenings
On Christmas Day
On New Year’s Day
On my birthday
3. IN:
- dùng chỉ buổi trong ngày
In the morning / the afternoon / the evening
- dùng cho tháng, mùa, năm, thế kỷ
In August / June / October …
In the summer / winter / spring / autumn
In 2010
In the 19
th
century
- dùng chỉ thời gian trong tương lai
In a moment / in a few minutes / in an hour / in a day / in a week / in six months
In the end cuối cùng
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* Note:
On time đúng giờ (không trễ)
Các giới từ khác:
- till: mãi đến, cho đến
- from … to / up to: từ ….đến ….
- between ….and … : giữa
UNIT 9

A. enjoy B. will enjoy C. are enjoying D. is going to enjoy
18. That bag looks heavy. I _________you with it.
A. will help B. am going to help C. am helping D. help
19. Calm _________and tell me what happened.
A. out B. down C. in D. up
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20. Sam was trying hard _________.
A. not to laugh B. to not laugh C. not laughing D. to not laughing
21. You _________forget what I told you. It’s very important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. don’t have to D. can’t
22. Cool the burns immediately so as to _________tissue damage.
A. ease B. relieve C. minimize D. maximize
23. _________is a long stick that someone put under their arm to help them walk when they have hurt their
leg.
A. Crutch B. Wheelchair C. Stretcher D. Bandage
24. These medicines can _________your headache.
A. ease B. elevate C. revive D. affect
25. Don’t overheat the victim with blankets or coat.
A. make someone too hot B. make someone too cold
C. hurt someone D. destroy someone
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
26. He is going to get to work earlier in order impress the boss.
A B C D
27. They are planting trees by the roadside so that reduce the traffic noise.
A B C D
28. It’s a secret between us and I promise I don’t tell anybody.
A B C D
29. You don’t have to keep medicines where children can get them.
A B C D
30. The room got quietly when the professor came.

40. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer has broken his leg because he kicked the goal post.
B. He was brought to the hospital last Sunday.
C. He doesn’t like the nurses and the doctors there.
D. He had a small operation and he will be all right.
THE END
ANSWER KEYS
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. ambulance B. bandage C. damage D. patient
2. A. hit B. tight C. injection D. sting
3. A. forget B. present C. overheat D. emergency
4. A. faint B. aid C. pain D. wheelchair
5. A. watch B. school C. chart D. handkerchief
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
6. They moved to the big city _________well-paying jobs.
A. in order to get B. for getting C. in order not to get D. so that getting
7. _________is a type of bed used for carrying the sick or injured people.
A. Stretcher B. Ambulance C. Bandage D. Crutch
8. I think I _________home across the park.
A. walk B. will walk C. am walking D. walking
9. She _________tight to the handrail.
A. held B. caught C. kept D. touched
10. I forgot thanking them _________helping me.
A. about B. for C. of D. on
11. She covered her knees_________a handkerchief.
A. in B. under C. with D. of
12. The farmers look for other work_________get more money for their family.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so as not to D. so that
13. She has been _________for days after the accident.
A. conscious B. unconscious C. consciously D. unconsciously

27. They are planting trees by the roadside so that reduce the traffic noise. [so as to]
A B C D
28. It’s a secret between us and I promise I don’t tell anybody. [won’t]
A B C D
29. You don’t have to keep medicines where children can get them. [no words]
A B C D
30. The room got quietly when the professor came. [quiet]
A B C D
Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Yesterday, when I was riding along a busy street, I saw an (31)_____. A woman was knocked down when she
crossed the street at a zebra crossing. Many people stopped (32)_____ their help. A police man arrived and asked a
young man to telephone for an (33)_____. While waiting for the ambulance, the policeman and some people tried
to (34)_____the bleeding. They used a handkerchief to cover the wound, then put pressure on it. and held it
tightly. They tried to talk to her in order to keep her (35)_____. After about three minutes, the ambulance arrived
and the woman was taken to the hospital.
31. A. accident B. event C. ambulance D. emergency
32. A. offer B. offering C. to offering D. to offer
33. A. ambulance B. first-aid C. arrangement D. address
34. A. cut B. hold C. stop D. cover
35. A. awake B. unconscious C. asleep D. warm
Read the following passage and choose the best answers to each of the questions below.
I’m in the hospital! I’ve broken my leg! But don’t worry. I’ll be all right. I’ve been here since last Sunday. I
had an accident at a football match. I tried to kick the ball but I kicked the goal post! The pain was quite bad, so
Dad brought me to the hospital the same day. I had a small operation three days ago. The nurses and doctors have
been really nice, but the food’s disgusting. I prefer Mum’s cooking!
goal post (n) cột khung thành /operation (n) ca phẫu thuật
36. Where is the writer?
A. He’s going on a vacation. B. He’s at home.
C. He’s in hospital. D. He’s at school.
37. What has happened to him?

11. We will begin ________a brief discussion of the problems.
A. from B. with C. at D. on
12. Tree leaves ________to wrap things.
A. should used B. should be used C. should been used D. should be use
13. ________is a wonderful natural fertilizer.
A. Compost B. Plastic C. Envelope D. Garbage
14. Glass is broken up, melted and made into new________.
A. silverware B. hardware C. ironware D. glassware
15. Is the rubbish ________every day?
A. collect B. collecting C. collected D. be collected
16. In 1876, the telephone ________first introduced by Bell and Watson.
A. was B. is C. has been D. had been
17. It’s important ________wildlife in the area.
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A. to conserve B. conserving C. conservation D. conserve
18. Japan ________40% of its waste every year.
A. reuses B. recycles C. refill D. broken
19. We were delighted ________your letter yesterday.
A. to get B. got C. getting D. get
20. Sooner or later a satellite ________by a large piece of rubbish.
A. will destroy B. will destroyed C. will be destroyed D. will been destroyed
21. Let’s play tennis instead of ________television.
A. watch B. watching C. watches D. to watch
22. Everything depends on what you mean ________the word “free”.
A. about B. by C. of D. for
23. We should use ________bags instead of plastic bags.
A. cloth B. clothe C. clothed D. clothing
24. Beer ________for breakfast in England years ago.
A. used be drunk B. used to be drunk C. used to drunk D. used to be drank
25. I ________some rice on the floor of the chicken coop. [coop: cage for poultry]

grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for everyone to breathe. Dumptowners
knew they had to fix it. They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to
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reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up
bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.
36. The people living in Dumptown________________.
A. didn’t think much about where the waste went
B. threw things that could be reused or recycled into the trash
C. didn’t believe that recycling could make a difference
D. all are correct
37. Which of the following could replace the word ‘trash’ in line 2?
A. garbage B. rubbish C. compost D. a & b
38. What were the Dumptown’s problems?
A. The garbage heap smelled. B. Sometimes the garbage heap caught fire.
C. It was hard for everyone to breathe. D. all are correct
39. What does the word ‘them’ in line 6 refer to?
A. the trash B. the garbage heap C. Dumptowners D. empty jars
40. What did they do to solve their problems?
A. They reduced the amount of waste they threw away.
B. They learnt to reuse things.
C. They learnt to recycle. D. all are correct
ANSWER
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. math B. scatter C. package D. metal
2. A. smell B. press C. melt D. refill
3. A. those B. clothes C. shopping D. envelope
4. A. down B. throw C. nowadays D. how
5. A. fields B. plants C. trees D. newspapers
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
6. Every few weeks new satellites ________into orbit.

21. Let’s play tennis instead of ________television.
A. watch B. watching C. watches D. to watch
22. Everything depends on what you mean________the word “free”.
A. about B. by C. of D. for
23. We should use________bags instead of plastic bags.
A. cloth B. clothe C. clothed D. clothing
24. Beer________for breakfast in England years ago.
A. used be drunk B. used to be drunk C. used to drunk D. used to be drank
25. I________some rice on the floor of the chicken coop. [coop: cage for poultry]
A. scattered B. grew C. threw away D. raised
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
26. You will be gave a present when you go to the party next Saturday. [wil be given]
A B C D
27. It is unhealthily to live in many of the world’s cities. [unhealthy]
A B C D
28. We began the meeting by a discussion about recycling. [with]
A B C D
29. Miss Blake is one of the represents from Friends of the Earth. [representatives]
A B C D
30. Climate change is causing the polar ice cap melting. [melted]
A B C D
Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Dear Sir or Madam,
We are in Class B, Year 8 at Stonehouse School. Every year our class goes (21)_______an adventure
holiday. This year we would like (22)___your center. We are planning (23)____ away for the first week in May,
arriving on Friday 2 May. There will be 15 boys and 15 girls in our party, and two teachers. We are (24)______in
sailing, rock climbing, canoeing, and map-reading. Can you send us information about your center?
We look forward (26)______from you.
Yours faithfully,
Class B

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