Châu Quỳnh Giang
Bài 13 : CÁCH BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU
(TRANSFORMATION)
Cách biến đổi câu là cách ta viết lại câu theo một cấu trúc mới (thường được cho trước) mà
không thay đổi nghóa của câu ban đầu.
* Ví dụ 1 : Hãy viết lại câu sau đây :
- He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill.

Because of……
Theo ví dụ trên, ta viết lại câu bằng “Because of…” , có nghóa là ta biến mệnh đề “ he was
ill” thành một cụm từ, vì sau “because of” ta phải dùng một cụm từ. Như vậy, câu viết lại có
thể là :

Because of his illness, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
Hoặc  Because of being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
Hoặc

Because of his being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
* Ví dụ 2 : Hãy viết lại câu sau đây :
- They built that house a century ago.
 That house……
Theo ví dụ trên, câu viết lại bắt đầu bằng “That house” – một túc từ – có nghóa là ta viết lại
câu này ở dạng bò động (passive voice). Như vậy, câu viết lại như sau :
 That house was built a century ago.
* Ví dụ 3 : Hãy viết lại câu sau đây :
- He didn’t go out because he didn’t have time.
 If……
Theo ví dụ trên, câu viết lại bắt đầu bằng “If”, có nghóa là ta viết lại câu này thành câu điều
kiện không có thật ở quá khứ (loại 3) vì thì của động từ ở quá khứ. Câu viết lại như sau :

If he had had time, he would have gone out.

7/ She wouldn’t allow me to read the letter.
- She wouldn’t let _______________________________________
8/ Tom is ill. He became ill three days ago.
- Tom has _____________________________________________
9/ I can’t give up smoking, but I’d like to.
- I wish________________________________________________
10/ She often writes to him and he often writes to her.
- They ________________________________________________
11/ If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late.
- Unless _______________________________________________
12/ Jane is a better cook than Mary.
- Mary can’t ____________________________________________
13/ Jack is too young to get married.
- Jack is not _____________________________________________
14/ I don’t really want to go to the museum.
- I’d rather ______________________________________________
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Châu Quỳnh Giang
15/ Despite taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
- Although ______________________________________________
16/ She made herself ill because she worked very hard.
- She worked so __________________________________________
17/ The book was so good that I couldn’t put it down.
- It was such _____________________________________________
18/ Nobody can solve this problem.
- This problem ___________________________________________
19/ The man injured in the accident was taken to the hospital.
- The man who ___________________________________________
20/ That girl is very beautiful.
- What __________________________________________________

35/ She is a faster and more careless driver than I am.
- She drives __________________________________________________
36/ How old do you think this building is ?
- When do you think ___________________________________________
37/ He is sorry now that he didn’t invite Jane to his party.
- He wishes __________________________________________________
38/ This furniture is so old that it is not worth keeping.
- This is _____________________________________________________
39/ We spent five hours getting to London.
- It _________________________________________________________
40/ When I arrived in London, I wrote a letter home.
- On ________________________________________________________
41/ I hope to see you at Christmas.
- I’m looking forward ___________________________________________
42/ I’ve never seen such a mess in my life.
- Never in my life ______________________________________________
43/ Don’t try to escape. It’s no use.
- It’s no use __________________________________________________
44/ It won’t be difficult to get a ticket for the concert.
- You won’t have any __________________________________________
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Châu Quỳnh Giang
45/ Whose is this handbag ?
- Who _______________________________________________________
EXERCISE II : Rewrite these sentences as directed :
1. The number of discontented young men is increasing considerably. The reason for
situation is that they haven’t been given vocational guidance at home or in the school.
(Combine these two sentences, using “The reason why... ”)
2. He doesn’t speak much English. Only _________ words.
(Use an adjective of quantity).

(Use “because” instead of “because of”)
2. Upon completion of his apprenticeship at the construction company, he worked for a small
garage to get more experience.
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