CÁCH THÀNH LẬP TỪ
(WORD FORMATION)
[A] : CÁCH THÀNH LẬP TÍNH TỪ ĐƠN.

Noun + suffix Adjectives
-ful
Harmful, useful, successful, hopeful, helpful, peaceful…
-less
Childless, odourless, careless, hopeless, harmless, useless…
-ly
Manly, worldly, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly,friendly…
-like
Childlike, godlike, lifelike, ladylike, manlike…
-y
Healthy, dirty, dusty, snowy, windy, rainy, cloudy, sunny, sandy…
-ish
Childish, boyish, girlish, mannish, selfish…
-al
Natural, national, industrial, agricultural, cultural, magical…
-ous
Dangerous, courageous, poisonous, mountainous…
-ic
Artistic, electric, electronic, alcoholic, economic…
-able
Respectable, knowledgeable, reasonable…
NOUN + less = ADJECTIVE NOUN + ful = ADJECTIVE NOUN + AL = ADJECTIVE
speech⇒speechless: không
nói
rest⇒ restless: không nghỉ
ngơi
childl ⇒ childless: không con

medicine⇒ medical: y khoa
surgery⇒ surgical: giải phẫu
industry⇒ industrial: công
nghiệp
chemistry ⇒ chemical: hóa học
history ⇒ historical: lòch sử
logic ⇒ logical: hợp lý
NOUN + Y = ADJECTIVE NOUN + OUS = ADJECTIVE NOUN + ISH =
ADJECTIVE
dust ⇒ dusty: có bụi
snow ⇒ snowy: có tuyết
rain ⇒ rainy: có mưa
sand ⇒ sandy: có cát
dirt ⇒ dirty: dơ bẩn
health⇒ healthy: khỏe mạnh
adventure⇒ adventurous: mạo
hiểm
poison ⇒ poisonous: độc hại
fame⇒ famous: nổi tiếng
danger ⇒ dangerous: nguy hiểm
adventure ⇒ adventurous: mạo
fool ⇒ foolish: ngu đần
child ⇒ childish: hơi trẻ con
red ⇒ reddish: hơi đỏ
self ⇒ selfish: ích kỷ
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salt (muối) ⇒ salty: mặn
storm ⇒ stormy: có bão
sun ⇒ sunny: nắng
cloud ⇒ cloudy: có mây

protect ⇒ protective: bảo vệ
VERB + ABLE = ADJECTIVE
VERB +ED = ADJECTIVE VERB + ING = ADJECTIVE
reason ⇒ reasonable: hợp lý
comfort ⇒ comfortable:thoải
mái
enjoy⇒ enjoyable: thú vò
divide ⇒ divisible: có thể
chia được
value ⇒ valuable: có giá trò
tolerate ⇒ tolerable: có
thể chòu đựng
disappoint ⇒ disappointed: thất
vọng
satisfy ⇒ satisfied: hài lòng
surprise ⇒ surprised: ngạc nhiên
bore ⇒ bored: chán
disappoint ⇒ disappointing: thất
vọng
satisfy ⇒ satisfying: hài lòng
surprise ⇒ surprising: ngạc
nhiên
bore ⇒ boring: chán
[1] : Give the correct form of the words in brackets:
1/ This country has a ________________________ climate. (continent)
2/ The ________________ University of Ho Chi Minh City has a very large
language centre. (Nation)
3/ I think the prices here are ______________ (reason)
4/ I don’t think the food is very good, but it is _______________ (tolerate)
5/ This company offered a lot of ________________ jobs. (attract)

28/ Those berries are _____________ Don’t eat them. (poison)
29/ You are grown up but you are still ______________ (child)
30/ No trees can grow on that soil. It is _______________ (tree)
31/ A ____________ statue stands in the middle of the pagoda. (life)
32/ The weather was excellent and we had an extremely _________ holiday.
(enjoy)
33/ Many people still refuse to believe that smoking is ______________ (harm)
34/ As it was very ___________ all the trains were late. (fog)
35/ He likes reading _________________ novels. (history)
36/ It was a _____________ conclusion from the child’s point of view. (logic)
37/ Mr. and Mrs.Jones have been married for ten years. They have no children.
They’re a __________ couple. (child)
38/ Clean air provides us a ____________ supply of oxegen. (health)
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39/ He is always eady to give assistance to his friends. He is _______ to them.
(help)
40/ Everyone was very ____________ towards me. (friend)
41/ They were ___________ in winning the contract. (success)
42/ For the more _______________ tourists, there are trips into the mountains
with a local guide. (adventure)
[B] : CACH THAỉNH LAP DANH Tệỉ.

Formula Nouns
Verb+ER/ OR / ANT
Teacher, manager, driver, actor, director, attendant, assistant
Verb + ION / TION
Action, invention, construction, direction, revolution, decision
Verb + MENT / AL
Development, appointment, refusal, removal, approval.
Verb + ING

Undercharge, underdevelop, underdo, underline, undersign
Adj + EN
EN + Adj / Noun
Weaken, sharpen, tighten, loosen, shorten, foften
enrich, enable, enlarge, encourage, endanger
Noun / Adj + ISE / IZE
Sympathise, economise, socialize, memorize, industrialize
[2]:Fill in the blanks with correct form of the word provided.
1. Film makers always try to show viewers the different life styles and interesting
________ aspects of many countries in the world. (culture)
2. Women nowadays have more ________ to participate in social activities. (free)
3. Hoang Le Nhat Thong Chi is a ________ novel. (history).
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4. He has a ________ for English novels. (prefer)
5. SAI GON GIAI PHONG is published seven days a week. It is a _____
newspaper. (day)
6. If you burn the garbage, it will give off ________ odour. (poison)
7. Some children have to suffer from life time ________ (abnormal)
8. He is ________ active in spite of his old age. (wonder)
9. The company is very efficient and gives a ________ service. (speed)
10. When did ________ come to the village ? (electric)
11. She has a very busy ________ life. (society)
12. The plane arrived ________ after a violent storm. (safe)
13. Their study is getting on ________ (satisfy)
14. This company offered a lot of ________ jobs. (attract)
15. These snakes will not cause you any serious harm even if they bite you. They
are ________ (harm)
16. He was ________ right when he said that the man was guilty. (reason)
17. She looks ________ beautiful. (surpise)
18. They were ________ when they read the result. (disappoint)