

Bản tóm tắt chương trình ngữ
pháp anh văn lớp 12
1

BÀI MỞ ĐẦU
BÀI MỞ ĐẦUBÀI MỞ ĐẦU
BÀI MỞ ĐẦU
ĐỘNG TỪ
VERB
VERBVERB
VERB
Động từ được dùng để làm hành động cho chủ từ. Để phân biệt các loại động
loại động loại động


Động từ tiếng Anh có hai loại: động từ đặc biệt
động từ đặc biệt động từ đặc biệt
động từ đặc biệt (special verb) và động từ
động từ động từ
động từ
thường
thườngthường
thường (ordinary verb).

(1) Động từ đặc biệt
(1) Động từ đặc biệt(1) Động từ đặc biệt
(1) Động từ đặc biệt gồm có:
* Động từ trợ
* Động từ trợ * Động từ trợ
* Động từ trợ (auxiliary verb) : be
bebe
be (dùng để chia các thì tiếp diễn, thể thụ động),
have
have have
have (dùng để chia các thì hoàn thành), do
dodo
do (dùng để chia các thể phủ đònh và nghi
vấn).
- He is working hard this month. (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
- The house was built five years ago. (thể thụ động)
- He has learned English for two years. (thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
- Do you like tea ? (thể nghi vấn)
- She does not like coffee. (thể phủ đònh)


* Động từ có qui tắc
* Động từ có qui tắc * Động từ có qui tắc
* Động từ có qui tắc (regular verb) : là động từ khi thành lập thì quá khứ đơn
(simple past) hay quá khứ phân từ (past paticiple) ta chỉ cần thêm –
––
–ED
EDED
ED vào sau động
từ đó.
- I opened
openedopened
opened the door this morning. (simple past )
- I have opened
openedopened
opened the door. (past participle)
* Động từ bất qui tắc
* Động từ bất qui tắc* Động từ bất qui tắc
* Động từ bất qui tắc (irregular verb) : là động từ có hình thức quá khứ (xem cột
2 của bảng động từ bất qui tắc) và quá khứ phân từ (xem cột 3) riêng.
to go went gone
to write wrote written
to run ran run
to hit hit hit

- He went
wentwent
went to the cinema last night. (simple past )
- He has gone
gone gone
gone out. (past participle)
3
Bài 1
Bài 1Bài 1
Bài 1:
::
:

CÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌ
CÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌCÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌ
CÁCH DÙNG CÁC THÌ (THE USE OF TENSES)

Present
PresentPresent
Present - I
II
I (You / We /
They) work
workwork
work
- He (
He (He (
He (She / It)
works
worksworks
works
- I am working
I am workingI am working
I am working
- He
He He
He (She / It) is
isis
is
working
workingworking

have been
working
workingworking
working
- He
HeHe
He ( She / It) has
has has
has
been
beenbeen
been working
workingworking
working
Past
PastPast
Past

-
--
- I
I I
I (You / He /
She / It / We /
They) worked
workedworked
worked
- I
II
I (He / She / It)

working
Future
FutureFuture
Future

- I
II
I (We) shall
shallshall
shall
work
workwork
work
- You
You You
You (He /
She / it / They)
will work
will workwill work
will work
- I
II
I (We) shall be
shall beshall be
shall be
working
workingworking
working
- You
YouYou

shall have
been
beenbeen
been working
workingworking
working
- You
YouYou
You (He / She / It /
They) will have
will have will have
will have
been working
been workingbeen working
been working * 1
* 1* 1
* 1. SO SÁNH
SO SÁNHSO SÁNH
SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PRESENT
THÌ SIMPLE PRESENT THÌ SIMPLE PRESENT
THÌ SIMPLE PRESENT VÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌ VÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌ PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

mn / winter)…
/ winter)…/ winter)…
/ winter)…
4- He goes
goesgoes
goes to school every day.
- Mrs Brown travels
travelstravels
travels every summer.

* Thì Present Continuous
Present ContinuousPresent Continuous
Present Continuous được dùng để chỉ một hành động đang xảy ra (a
aa
a current
current current
current
activity
activityactivity
activity) hay một sự việc chúng ta đang làm bây giờ (now/ at present/ at this
now/ at present/ at thisnow/ at present/ at this
now/ at present/ at this mom
mommom
moment

* CHÚ Ý :* CHÚ Ý :
* CHÚ Ý : (1) + Thì Simple Present
Simple PresentSimple Present
Simple Present thường được dùng với các động từ chỉ tri giác
động từ chỉ tri giácđộng từ chỉ tri giác
động từ chỉ tri giác (verbs of
perception) như : feel, see, hear
feel, see, hearfeel, see, hear
feel, see, hear… và các động từ chỉ trạng thái
động từ chỉ trạng tháiđộng từ chỉ trạng thái
động từ chỉ trạng thái như : know,
know,know,
know, understand,
understand, understand,
understand,
mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…
mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…
mean, like, prefer, love, hate, need, want, remember, recognize, believe…
+ Ngoài ra chúng ta còn dùng thì Simple Present
Simple PresentSimple Present
Simple Present với động từ : be,
: be,: be,
: be, appear,
appear, appear,
appear,
belong, have to…
belong, have to…belong, have to…

Simple PresentSimple Present
Simple Present để chỉ một chân lý
một chân lýmột chân lý
một chân lý hay một sự thật hiển
một sự thật hiển một sự thật hiển
một sự thật hiển
nhiên
nhiênnhiên
nhiên (a general truth).

- The sun rises
risesrises
rises in the east.
- Nothing is
isis
is more precious than independence and freedom.

(2) Thì Present Continuous
Present ContinuousPresent Continuous
Present Continuous còn được dùng để chỉ hành động ở một
hành động ở mộthành động ở một
hành động ở một tương lai gần
tương lai gầntương lai gần
tương lai gần (a
near future action) và thường đi với các trạng từ chỉ tương lai như : tomorrow, next
tomorrow, next tomorrow, next
tomorrow, next
week, next month, next
week, next month, next week, next month, next
week, next month, next year, next summer…
6/ Miss Helen (read) ___________ a newspaper now.

7/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now.

8/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard.

9/ He generally (sing) __________ in English, but today he (sing) __________
in Spanish.

10/ We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30.

11/ She sometimes (buy) ___________ vegetables at his market.

12/ Be quiet. The baby (sleep) ____________.

13/ We always (do) ___________ our exercises carefully.

14/ Look. A man (run) ___________ after the train. He (want) ___________ to
catch it.

15/ It (be) __________ very cold now.
16/ John (travel) __________ to England tomorrow.

17/ I (need) ____________ some money for my textbooks.

18/ Tom (like) __________ to go to the museums.

19/ Mary (love) __________ ice-cream.


SO SAÙNH
SO SAÙNHSO SAÙNH
SO SAÙNH THÌ PRESENT PERFECT
THÌ PRESENT PERFECTTHÌ PRESENT PERFECT
THÌ PRESENT PERFECT
VAØ
VAØVAØ
VAØ THÌ SIMPLE PAST
THÌ SIMPLE PASTTHÌ SIMPLE PAST
THÌ SIMPLE PAST

6

* Thì Present
PresentPresent
Present perfect
perfect perfect
perfect (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ một quá khứ không
rõ thời điểm còn liên lạc với hiện tại.
* Thì Simple Past
Simple PastSimple Past
Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) được dùng để chỉ một quá khứ có thời điểm rõ rệt
cắt đứt với hiện tại.

+ CHÚ
+ CHÚ + CHÚ

latelylately
lately (mới đây) ...

- Have
HaveHave
Have you ever seen
ever seenever seen
ever seen a tiger ?
- The train has not arrived
has not arrivedhas not arrived
has not arrived yet.
- We have lived
have livedhave lived
have lived here for 6 years.
- The bell has just rung.
has just rung.has just rung.
has just rung.

(2) * Thì Simple Past
Simple PastSimple Past
Simple Past thường đi với những tiếng chỉ thời gian quá khứ xác đònh
như : yesterday
yesterdayyesterday
yesterday, the day before yest
the day before yestthe day before yest
the day before yesterday
erdayerday
erday, last week
last weeklast week
last week, last month,


Exercise II :
Exercise II :Exercise II :
Exercise II :
Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.

1/ We (never watch) __________ that TV programme.

2/ We (wacth) __________ a good programme on TV last night.

3/ He (read) __________ that novel many times before.

4/ He (read) __________ that novel again during my last vacation.

5/ I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week.

6/ However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then.

7/ I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3
weeks ago.

8/ The school bell (ring) __________. We must go now.

9/ I (meet) __________ Mary last night. She (become) __________ a very big
girl.

10/ He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning.


SO SÁNHSO SÁNH
SO SÁNH THÌ
THÌTHÌ
THÌ PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT VÀ
VÀVÀ
VÀ
THÌ
THÌTHÌ
THÌ PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSPRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Present perfect
Present perfectPresent perfect
Present perfect (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ kết quả của một
tình trạng ở hiện tại (the result of the present state), một việc xảy ra trong quá khứ
không rõ thời điểm, lập đi lập lại nhiều lần và kéo dài đến hiện tại.
+ Thì Present
PresentPresent
Present Perfect Continuous
Perfect Continuous Perfect Continuous
Perfect Continuous (Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn) được dùng để
chỉ sự tiếp diễn của một hành động (the continuity of an action) cho tới hiện tại.

- I have been waiting for
forfor

: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect
Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfectPut the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect
Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the present perfect
continuous tense.
continuous tense.continuous tense.
continuous tense.
1/ I (try) __________ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) __________
yet.

2/ She (read) _________ all the works of Dickens.How many (you read)
_________ ?

3/ I (wait) __________ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think
she (forget) __________ to come ?

4/ Mary (rest) __________ in the garden all day because she (be) __________
ill. 8

5/ Although John (study) __________ at the University for 5 years, he (not get)
__________ his degree yet.

6/ Jack (go) __________ to Switzerland for a holiday. He (never, be)
__________ there.

1/ I (be) __________ sorry. I (forget) __________ that fellow’s name already.

2/ Jack (look) __________ forward to his vacation next June.

3/ I (have) __________ no trouble with my english lessons up to now.

4/ Mr and Mrs Brown (be) ___________ in New York for 2 months.

5/ Michael (work) __________ 38 hours a week.

6/ At present, that author (write) ___________ a novel.

7/ George (do) __________ good work in this class so far.
8/ The weather( generally, get) __________ hot in July .

9/ You must wake her up. She (sleep) __________soundly for 10 hours.

10/ Listen! I (think) __________ someone (knock) __________ at the front
door.

11/ How long (you learn) __________ English?

12/ That student (know) __________ all the new words very well now.

13/ Alice (lose) __________ her Vienamese-English dictionary. 9


SO SÁNH
SO SÁNHSO SÁNH
SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PAST
THÌ SIMPLE PASTTHÌ SIMPLE PAST
THÌ SIMPLE PAST VÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌVÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌ PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUSPAST CONTINUOUS
PAST CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Past
Simple PastSimple Past
Simple Past (Quá Khứ Đơn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động ngắn (thình
lình) xảy ra trong quá khứ.
- I met
metmet
met him in the street yesterday.
+ Thì Past Continuous
Past ContinuousPast Continuous
Past Continuous (Quá Khứ Tiếp Diễn) được dùng để chỉ một hành động kéo
dài trong quá khứ tương ứng với một hành động khác cũng trong quá khứ.
- I met him while he was crossing
was crossingwas crossing
was crossing the street.


5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain. 10

6/ He (teach) __________ English for 2 months when he (live) in Germany and
(work) __________ as a journalist.

7/ The house (burn) __________ fast, so we (break) __________ the window to
get out.

8/ He (eat) __________ three sandwiches while you (talk) __________ to him.

9/ The servant (drop) __________ two cups while she (wash up) __________
last night; neither of them (break) __________.

10/ While I (write) __________ a letter, the telephone (ring) __________; as
he (go) __________ to answer it, he (hear) __________ a knock on the door; the
telephone (still, ring) __________ while he (walk) __________ to the door, but just as
he (open) __________ it, it (stop) __________. * 5.
* 5.* 5.
* 5.

SO SÁNH THÌ
SO SÁNH THÌSO SÁNH THÌ
SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE PAST


Exercise VI :
Exercise VI :Exercise VI :
Exercise VI : Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect t
Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tPut the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect t
Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense
enseense
ense.

1/ They (go) __________ home after they (finish) __________ their work.

2/ He (do) _________ nothing before he (see) ___________ me.

3/ He (thank) __________ me for what I (do) __________ for him.

4/ I (be) __________ sorry that I (hurt) __________ him.

5/ After they (go) __________ , I (sit) __________ down and (rest)
__________.

6/ When I (arrive), the dinner (already, begin) ______________.

7/ My friend (not see) __________ me for many years when I (meet)
__________ last week.

8/ He (learn) __________ English before he (leave) __________ for England.


VÀ THÌVÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌ
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSPAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous (Quá Khứ Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn) dùng để nhấn
mạnh tính liên tục của hành động trước khi một hành động quá khứ khác xảy ra. Hãy
so sánh :
- She had been studying
had been studyinghad been studying
had been studying English before she came here for classes.
(Hành động had been studying xảy ra liên tục cho tới khi hành động came for
classes xảy ra).
- She had studied
had studiedhad studied
had studied English before she came for classes.
(Hành động had studied chấm dứt trước hành động came for classes)
Và hãy so sánh :
- It had been raining
had been raininghad been raining
had been raining when I got up this morning. (Mưa đã dứt khi tôi thức
dậy.)
- It was raining
was rainingwas raining
was raining when I got up this morning. (Mưa vẫn còn khi tôi thức dậy.)

12

7/ By noon that day, we (drive) __________ for 5 hours.

8/ The robber who (watch) __________ him running to the tree (sit)
__________ down under its branches and (begin) __________ to attack him.

9/ I (ask) _________ her what she (do) _______ since she (arrive) ________ in
England.

10/ She (tell) __________ me that she (study) __________ English literature.
* 7.
* 7.* 7.
* 7.

SO SÁNH THÌ
SO SÁNH THÌSO SÁNH THÌ
SO SÁNH THÌ SIMPLE FUTURE
SIMPLE FUTURESIMPLE FUTURE
SIMPLE FUTURE
VÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌVÀ THÌ
VÀ THÌ FUTURE CONTINUOUS
FUTURE CONTINUOUSFUTURE CONTINUOUS
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Simple Future
Simple FutureSimple Future

comes tomorrow, he will do it.

+ Chú ý :
+ Chú ý :+ Chú ý :
+ Chú ý : WILL còn được dùng cho tất cả các ngôi.

Exercise
ExerciseExercise
Exercise VIII
VIII VIII
VIII : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future
Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future
Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future
tense.
tense.tense.
tense.
1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________.

2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me.

3/ Wait until I (catch) __________ you.

4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten.

5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out.

6/ Miss Helen (help) ___________ you as soon as she (finish) _________ that

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSFUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
+ Thì Future Perfect
Future PerfectFuture Perfect
Future Perfect (Tương Lai Hoàn Thành) được dùng để chỉ một hành động sẽ
hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong tương lai hay một điểm thời gian ở tương
lai.
- The taxi will have arri
will have arriwill have arri
will have arrived
vedved
ved by the time you finish dressing.
- By next Christmas, he will have lived
will have livedwill have lived
will have lived in Dalat for 5 years.
+ Để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động, chúng ta dùng thì Future Perfect
Future PerfectFuture Perfect
Future Perfect
Continuous
Continuous Continuous
Continuous (Tương Lai Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn).
- By the time you receive this letter, we shall
shallshall
shall have been travelling
have been travellinghave been travelling
have been travelling through


6/ I (stay) __________ here until you (finish) _________ your work.

7/ By next month, I (leave) _________ for India.

8/ He (finish) _________ his work before you (leave) __________.

9/ Before you (go) __________, they (leave) __________ the country.

10/ The meeting (finish) _________ by the time we (get) _________ there.

Exercise X :
Exercise X :Exercise X :
Exercise X : Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future
Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future
Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present, simple future, future
c
cc
continuous or future perfect tense.
ontinuous or future perfect tense.ontinuous or future perfect tense.
ontinuous or future perfect tense.
1/ We (send) __________ you a telegram as soon as we (arrive) _________ in
London.


: Supply the correct tense.
Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.
Supply the correct tense.
1/ They (just decide) __________ that they (undertake) ___________ the job.

2/ We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night.

3/ He usually (write) __________ in green ink.

4/ She (play) __________ the piano when our guests (arrive) __________ last
night.

5/ We (do) __________ an English exercise at the moment.

6/ She (just come) __________ in and (see) __________ you in 5 minutes.

7/ I (come) __________ as soon as my work is finished. (You be) __________
ready ?

8/ Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year ?

9/ I (not leave) _________ Paris since we (go) _________ to Dieppe three
years ago.

10/ My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend.

11/ We (meet) __________ only yesterday and (already decide) __________


23/ He (walk) __________ very quickly when I (meet) __________ him
yesterday.

24/ We (meet) __________ you tomorrow after you (finish) __________ your
work.

25/ Yesterday I (buy) __________ a new watch as my old one (be)
__________ stolen.

Exercise XII
Exercise XIIExercise XII
Exercise XII
:
: :
: Supply the correct tense.
Supply the correct tense.Supply the correct tense.
Supply the correct tense.
1/ He said he (be) __________ sorry he (give) __________ me so much
trouble.

2/ I am sorry that I (not know) _________ you (leave) __________ your pipe
when you (come) __________ to see me last Thursday.

3/ He (be) __________ so good to me when I was a boy that to this day I (not
forget) __________ his kindness, and I hope that I (never forget) __________.



14/ After she (work) __________ at the hospital for two years, she (decide)
__________ to give up the job.

15/ He will come at once because I (tell) __________ him by phone that you
(need) __________ him urgently. I’m sure he (find) __________ his way easily
although he (never visit) __________ this house before.

16/ By the time you get back, I (finish) __________ all my correspondence and
then I (can help) ______________ you with yours.

17/ In a few minutes’ time, when the clock (strike) __________ six, I (wait)
__________ here for an hour.

18/ He (know) ________ her a long time before he finally (get) _______
married to her.

19/ I hope it (not rain) __________ when the bride (leave) __________ the
church.

20/ I (tell) a lie if I said that I (like) __________ you.

21/ They (intend) __________ to go there next week; but now they (find)
__________ they (not have) __________ enough money.

22/ When he grew old he often (think) __________ of all the things he (do)
___________ when he (be) __________ young.

23/ When we (go) __________ to see them last night, they (play) __________
cards; they (say) __________ they (play) __________ since six o’clock.

17

2/ My mother (call) ___________ me around 5 o’clock. My husband (come)
_________ home a little after that. When he (come) __________ home, I (talk)
___________ to my mother on the phone.

3/ Next month I (have) _________ a week’s vacation. I (plan) _________ to take a
trip. First I (go) _________ to Madison, Wisconsin to visit my brother. After I (leave)
________ Madion, I (go) _________ Chicago to see a friend who (study) _________
at a university there. She (live) _________ in Chicago for three years, so she (know)
_________ her way around the city. She (promise) _________ to take me to many
interesting places. I (never, be) _________ in Chicago, so I (look) _________ forward
to going there.

4/ Yesterday John (eat) _____________ breakfast at 8:00. He (already, eat)
_________ breakfast when he (leave) ____________ for class at 8:45. He (always,
eat) _________ breakfast before he (go) _____________ to class. I (usually, not eat)
_________ breakfast before I (go) _________ to class. But I (usually, get) _________
hungry about midmorning. Tomorrow before I (go) _____________ to class, I (eat)
_________ breakfast.

5/ Last year, I (go) __________ mountain climbing for the first time. It was exciting
and terrifying at the same time. We (move) ___________slowly and carefully, and it
(take) ___________ three days to get to the top. When we climbed onto the summit,
we (find) ___________ another group of climbers. They (arrive) ___________ several
hours ahead of us. They (have) ___________ dinner and listening to Beethoven. We
(laugh) __________ and they (invite) ___________ us to join them. The climb (be)
___________, to say the least, an unforgettable experience.

6/ The weather (be) ___________ terrible lately. It (rain) ___________ off and on


chính (main clause).
main clause).main clause).
main clause).

- If he works harder, he will succeed in his examination.
(if-clause) (main clause)
Chúng ta cũng có thể đặt mệnh đề chính ở đầu câu :
- He will succeed in his examination if he works harder.
Trong tiếng Anh có 3 loại câu điều kiện chính :

* T
* T* T
* Type I :
ype I :ype I :
ype I : ĐIỀU KIỆN CÓ THỂ XẢY RA ĐƯC
ĐIỀU KIỆN CÓ THỂ XẢY RA ĐƯCĐIỀU KIỆN CÓ THỂ XẢY RA ĐƯC
ĐIỀU KIỆN CÓ THỂ XẢY RA ĐƯC (probable condition
probable conditionprobable condition
probable condition)

1/ Ý nghóa :
1/ Ý nghóa :1/ Ý nghóa :
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một sự việc có thể xảy ra hoặc
không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai; nhưng chúng ta có nhiều hy vọng nó xảy ra.

2/ Thì của động từ :
2/ Thì của động từ :2/ Thì của động từ :
2/ Thì của động từ :
- Come to me if you need help.
- If you have time, perfect your English.

* Type II
* Type II * Type II
* Type II :
: :
: ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI.
ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI.ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI.
ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI. (Present
(Present (Present
(Present-
--
- unreal Con
unreal Con unreal Con
unreal Con)

1/ Ý nghóa :
1/ Ý nghóa :1/ Ý nghóa :
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này diễn tả một điều kiện khó có thể xảy ra hay
một sự việc không thực hiện được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

2/ Thì của động từ :
2/ Thì của động từ :2/ Thì của động từ :
2/ Thì của động từ :
If-clause Main clause
Main clauseMain clause

ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở QUÁ KHỨĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở QUÁ KHỨ
ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở QUÁ KHỨ. (Past
PastPast
Past-
--
-unreal Condition)
unreal Condition)unreal Condition)
unreal Condition)

1/ Ý nghóa
1/ Ý nghóa 1/ Ý nghóa
1/ Ý nghóa : Loại điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một điều kiện hoàn toàn không thực
hiện được hoặc không xảy ra trong quá khứ.

2/ Thì của động từ :
2/ Thì của động từ :2/ Thì của động từ :
2/ Thì của động từ :
If-clause Main clause
Main clauseMain clause
Main clause
Past perfect
Perfect Conditional
(Should/ would have + past participle)


in casein case
in case (trong trường hợp) , even
eveneven
even if
ifif
if ( ngay cho
là)...
- As long as you return the book by Saturday, I will lend it to you with
pleasure.

* Hai tiếng có nghóa phủ đònh : unless
unlessunless
unless (trừ phi), but for
but forbut for
but for (nếu không)

- He won’t come unless you call him.
(= He won’t come if you don’t call him.)

21

- But for the storm, he would have arrived much earlier.

EXERCISE I :
EXERCISE I :EXERCISE I :
EXERCISE I : Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.
Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.Rewrite the sentences , using conditional clauses.
2/ If she (not try), she (not succeed).

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

3/ If I (see) her, I (tell) her.

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

4/ (You do) it if I (ask) you ?

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

5/ If I (be) ill, I (stay) at home.

- ____________________________________________________



9/ They (get) wet if it (rain).

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

10/ It (not bite) you unless you (move)

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

11/ We (go) out unless it (stop) snowing.

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

- ____________________________________________________

EXERCISE II:
EXERCISE II:EXERCISE II:
EXERCISE II:

Supply the correct verb tense.
Supply the correct verb tense.Supply the correct verb tense.
Supply the correct verb tense.
1/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _______ good to you.

2/ He (come) _______ if you waited.

3/ If you (ring) _______ the bell, the servant would come.

4/ If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _______ him.

5/ If it (not, rain) _______ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow.

6/ If today (be) _______ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work.

7/ If she had had your address, she (write) _______ to you.

23 8/ We lost the match. If you (play) _______ for us, we (win) _______.

9/ So long as you return the book by Saturday, I (lend) _______ it to you with
pleasure.

10/ They would not be paid unless they (do) _______ their work well.

Put “if” or “unless” into these spaces.
1/ ________ we hurry, we’ll miss the bus.

2/ Will you phone me ________ you come to England ?

3/ ________ you see Jane, ask her to contact me.

4/ You’ll never pass your exam ________ you don’t work harder.

5/ Liverpool won’t win ________ they begin playing better.

6/ ________ you forget our address, you can find it in the phone book.

7/ You won’t pass your driving test ________ you drive more carefully.

8/ He’ll be ill ________ he doesn’t stop worrying so much.

9/ We’ll go to the beach tomorrow ________ it’s raining.

10/ We’ll never get there on time ________ the train leaves soon.

EXERCISE V
EXERCISE VEXERCISE V
EXERCISE V
:
: :
: Use “if” in place of “unless”

8/ I don’t agree with his economic policy. I wouldn’t vote for him unless he
changed it.

-____________________________________________________________
9/ He wouldn’t have written unless he had heard news.

-____________________________________________________________
10/ You might not have a terrible toothache unless you went to the dentist
regularly.

-____________________________________________________________

EXERCISE VI :
EXERCISE VI :EXERCISE VI :
EXERCISE VI : The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the
The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the
The following sentences are first, second or third conditional. Put the
verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.verbs in brackets into the appropriate form.
verbs in brackets into the appropriate form. 1/ We wanted to go out yesterday but the weather was terrible. If it (be) … had
hadhad
had
been
beenbeen